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Black holes surrounded by generic matter distributions: polar perturbations and energy flux

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arxiv 2401.00932 v2 pith:NG3PIRU4 submitted 2024-01-01 gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-ph

classification gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-ph
keywords blackfullyholematternumericalpolarprofilesaxial
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We develop a numerical approach to compute polar parity perturbations within fully relativistic models of black hole systems embedded in generic, spherically symmetric, anisotropic fluids. We apply this framework to study gravitational wave generation and propagation from extreme mass-ratio inspirals in the presence of several astrophysically relevant dark matter models, namely the Hernquist, Navarro-Frenk-White, and Einasto profiles. We also study dark matter spike profiles obtained from a fully relativistic calculation of the adiabatic growth of a BH within the Hernquist profile, and provide a closed-form analytic fit of these profiles. Our analysis completes prior numerical work in the axial sector, yielding a fully numerical pipeline to study black hole environmental effects. We study the dependence of the fluxes on the DM halo mass and compactness. We find that, unlike the axial case, polar fluxes are not adequately described by simple gravitational-redshift effects, thus offering an exciting avenue for the study of black hole environments with gravitational waves.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The Ringdown and the Tide: Fingerprints of Dark Matter Halo Profiles

    gr-qc 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For black holes in generalized (alpha,beta,gamma) dark matter halos, the axial ringdown shift is set by a single redshift integral, while the tidal Love number depends on an outer radial moment, making the two observa...

  2. Geometric properties of slowly rotating black holes embedded in matter environments

    gr-qc 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The rotation of a surrounding dark-matter halo shifts the light ring, ISCO, epicyclic frequencies, and resonance locations of a slowly spinning black hole in a way that depends on the halo's angular velocity.

  3. Black hole spacetimes with dark matter spikes: Energy-momentum tensor and backreaction effects

    gr-qc 2025-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A dark-matter spike built from the full orbital motion of its particles has ~50% more energy density near the black hole and produces metric deviations ~2.5 times larger than mass-only models.

  4. Gravitational-wave tails and memory effect for mergers in astrophysical environments

    gr-qc 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A dark matter halo around a black hole amplifies the transient tail of a perturbation but leaves the asymptotic decay and the linear memory unchanged.

  5. Tidal Love numbers and quasi-normal modes of the Schwarzschild-Hernquist black hole

    gr-qc 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For a Schwarzschild black hole in a relativistic Hernquist dark matter halo, quasinormal-mode frequency shifts scale as (MDM/rs)^(3/2) rather than linearly, while tidal Love numbers are small and sensitive to the choi...

  6. Shadow and Quasi-Normal Modes of Schwarzschild-Hernquist Black Hole

    gr-qc 2025-09 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    For black holes embedded in Hernquist dark matter halos, the shadow radius and quasinormal mode frequencies are redshifted by a factor 1 - C + C^2/6 in the halo compactness C, with EHT observations implying C <= 0.092.

  7. Black hole in the Dekel-Zhao dark matter profile

    gr-qc 2025-01 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    A new black hole solution in a Dekel-Zhao dark matter halo is derived, with shadow size and deflection angle depending on halo density and scale radius.

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