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Image and Video Tokenization with Binary Spherical Quantization

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arxiv 2406.07548 v1 pith:5CB5BO4F submitted 2024-06-11 cs.CV cs.ITcs.LGeess.IVmath.IT

Image and Video Tokenization with Binary Spherical Quantization

classification cs.CV cs.ITcs.LGeess.IVmath.IT
keywords videoimagebinarybsq-vitquantizationvisualachievescompression
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We propose a new transformer-based image and video tokenizer with Binary Spherical Quantization (BSQ). BSQ projects the high-dimensional visual embedding to a lower-dimensional hypersphere and then applies binary quantization. BSQ is (1) parameter-efficient without an explicit codebook, (2) scalable to arbitrary token dimensions, and (3) compact: compressing visual data by up to 100$\times$ with minimal distortion. Our tokenizer uses a transformer encoder and decoder with simple block-wise causal masking to support variable-length videos as input. The resulting BSQ-ViT achieves state-of-the-art visual reconstruction quality on image and video reconstruction benchmarks with 2.4$\times$ throughput compared to the best prior methods. Furthermore, by learning an autoregressive prior for adaptive arithmetic coding, BSQ-ViT achieves comparable results on video compression with state-of-the-art video compression standards. BSQ-ViT also enables masked language models to achieve competitive image synthesis quality to GAN- and diffusion-based methods.

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Forward citations

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