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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

As of 4 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 129 outbound references and 100 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2408.00118.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2408.00118 v3

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 129 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z

measured 200 of 200 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00

measured 100 of 474 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-04T00:37:51.312622Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-07-10T06:15:00.866473Z

Reference resolution

100 of 129 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact29
  • verified fuzzy49
  • unresolved6
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch16

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 25af42fc-7c75-4f90-9de3-29da6257dc27 · outbound

This paper cites Agarwal, N.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Agarwal, N

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.626406Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:047a92440aeb80785af0a37403f113b55979495fa381ef69342b76afe91dfcf7

Observation 940aec53-6b16-4721-94cb-b835917741a5 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 3 model card.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Llama 3 model card

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.631008Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:083e9a2cc34c6c47163e66b3d7f558a9fdef00498df1a8ee05ea980703e96c74

Observation 77e025f9-3c42-4395-a130-43b2a6840998 · outbound

This paper cites Almazrouei, H.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Almazrouei, H

Reference 5

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.633250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ae5b342f7ec6b506c684c8480d3ba6d0b6cd5e5c2f2fb93e35311fffb7912648

Observation b8fd7b7f-86bf-495b-90f2-8d1d98e9edef · outbound

This paper cites Barham, A.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Barham, A

Reference 8

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.635172Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:3f88379c79ce260248e411b4646a31a4485fd3f8e773fe1b5b1e8bf3fd0fcb4a

Observation 5b7ea650-c76e-4394-98b5-1d9aea6a1ea7 · outbound

This paper cites Chiang, L.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Chiang, L

Reference 15

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.637795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:001e385aed912fbf53e787617a1fecbed7f6e677723c41464bb23453df723341

Observation 74fd6fc0-7f9e-4051-8c5f-5f5019460d88 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A family of highly capable multimodal models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Gemini: A family of highly capable multimodal models

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.640031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:dfad296c453c749d2eff66278b5dab0c72e7b9a21d0811ca501673a95f405de1

Observation a19e0f6f-49bd-4790-b293-6e0ff125742c · outbound

This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.642378Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:26472c1bc0cb0b08cbb88a9b43bc7ef8712602e2c6a8480bee0d6de5eb53099d

Observation 7f543331-2f44-42c4-99b1-f67d2d6a9339 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open models based on gemini research and technology.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Gemma: Open models based on gemini research and technology

Reference 20

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.644587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:006b800fda3869ec6c01083b2bdcce6956efe7d0ca068d3011c5cc9275932ffd

Observation 087746ad-ffcd-43d5-a87b-108c99461ded · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.646841Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:c2a912c8bc2f5cec049318bcfe68bea1b3240d9c1bde93263bd0d5ce06435e2e

Observation 63d14a7a-c3d3-400d-a6bd-429a0c18fd7f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.649062Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:6f8444b00aaf21112e67877cf8913d5067e94a49a7ca5239156948c488236998

Observation ed8576da-9801-4d39-88fe-af3cddc4cab2 · outbound

This paper cites LLM Comparator: Visual Analytics for Side-by-Side Evaluation of Large Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size LLM Comparator: Visual Analytics for Side-by-Side Evaluation of Large Language Models

Reference 27

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.385993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:2061a181d0b43d7ee13e8946f25a605e26597c7db709effe1d09f331c95885b7

Observation 616b96ab-7631-4454-8025-141bf720e352 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Language-Model Agents on Realistic Autonomous Tasks.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Evaluating Language-Model Agents on Realistic Autonomous Tasks

Reference 28

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.499532Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a70f8885244ea7d058882af66ee116d7dfc3cfc90dbba95cdd3fb858bf12e3d2

Observation 95b9f052-0830-47c2-abb9-c843a7efaaf8 · outbound

This paper cites Malla: Demystifying Real-world Large Language Model Integrated Malicious Services.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Malla: Demystifying Real-world Large Language Model Integrated Malicious Services

Reference 32

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.506166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:637431cb6aa1ad234bcc2c14d8ed5bc200546f328d2fb2f1e71fdbad043b5ea4

Observation cd13ae36-3683-44b3-ab72-909740377178 · outbound

This paper cites Personal Communication.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Personal Communication

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.651479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:950331fe2325dc4edb318caa76b717b73a09b6ca0d4a6edfbcbfaad712ba33a5

Observation 9d38056d-d606-4828-a1ae-45813202265b · outbound

This paper cites Towards Agile Text Classifiers for Everyone.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Towards Agile Text Classifiers for Everyone

Reference 35

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.393672Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:509060fe44f5d7aab43127df5feeebc1641d23a67dfd2d5f696c97110d548a56

Observation 5e4744a9-9afb-4475-8606-520bfe93d33a · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Frontier Models for Dangerous Capabilities.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Evaluating Frontier Models for Dangerous Capabilities

Reference 37

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.476742Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:093cd1ee90b08d2a5c169cdd5bd4d3cab0246499905fea95c09341517b8cbea7

Observation 2e09a5af-9844-41f3-af18-4fbffc2ffb2a · outbound

This paper cites Radford, J.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Radford, J

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.653634Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:3964e773fc6b3cefb482c1c44e7c94e6697f574b418156703ac38798bb32beda

Observation dcce3ec5-f3a8-45e0-89d0-95753eae523b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.655942Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:811ec4f7a9a462b047cb4bc9e9d495e5754f0a9e19e37e77fc89c77848fae724

Observation ef240f71-e3b6-4904-a401-3f617529f224 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.658225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:f31dc09302f30583f568be854085e0e713194bfd5d635cc691845a613a0bf521

Observation eb25ba8c-c80e-435f-ab39-804b44e1c2b3 · outbound

This paper cites Roberts, H.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Roberts, H

Reference 42

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.660715Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9610725093edfd84737e52dc3de5f92022ae8ddf82120f3f353d92bd11478179

Observation 5c16d358-cca0-46ce-8ba2-7bc8d01dac6a · outbound

This paper cites Model evaluation for extreme risks.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Model evaluation for extreme risks

Reference 45

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.458916Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:06ff80910308f0be4ef32ccf05785c721d72ee5ac9a170c8dc7873340513e675

Observation 1f7755f0-4858-4c1d-a801-bb28689f88d7 · outbound

This paper cites Suzgun, N.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Suzgun, N

Reference 47

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.663080Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:1bd0ea4cfbf6525f267ce526cde656d078865787d91dbe93de4956fbba01a8ca

Observation bf103e76-a33f-4375-ad3d-83506a411e64 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.665323Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a8a73ef4ab0d9e13a1da7a8ce5955177916e76f22c1346b59bc1fecb3d8af61f

Observation 1c007b96-6730-4b2b-b2a9-480de912e31d · outbound

This paper cites The Language Interpretability Tool: Extensible, Interactive Visualizations and Analysis for NLP Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size The Language Interpretability Tool: Extensible, Interactive Visualizations and Analysis for NLP Models

Reference 49

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.502612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:36ff62e8718d4fe2670d95142e8851b33a9043eb6de6688ef7b73b7222b46bfe

Observation 7b36af60-a665-4225-8289-065b0176f77e · outbound

This paper cites Touvron, T.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Touvron, T

Reference 50

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.667830Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:5aee5289a69ee860b47bccde7ff34a84c920d9de0dc48359146ffce36eafa534

Observation 3026e579-659b-4350-ab4f-4aa1f50f81e1 · outbound

This paper cites grok-1.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size grok-1

Reference 53

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.670352Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:55fb180c0336680c920e391b74e62599807d55a42c437e483bdf09d679300b72

Observation 501919f0-6f56-45ca-8aa4-a89c7f64aecf · outbound

This paper cites Xla: Optimizing compiler for tensorflow.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Xla: Optimizing compiler for tensorflow

Reference 54

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.672576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:45b16edf1e24a36a4b911c3e9860e3079ed0abdd894178a59418ef6a4a4c7caa

Observation c7fad0a8-726e-4417-be4f-a7eba076ae48 · outbound

This paper cites InterCode: Standardizing and Benchmarking Interactive Coding with Execution Feedback.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size InterCode: Standardizing and Benchmarking Interactive Coding with Execution Feedback

Reference 56

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.397576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e8c196e518b81a346fc757385c54880103a1ce628af13052e9ffedc2087b29dc

Observation 8f8a465d-4230-4496-adab-51637e406341 · outbound

This paper cites Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Reinforcement Learning.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Neural Combinatorial Optimization with Reinforcement Learning

Reference 59

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.419147Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:7dcca5ed18098ab7a4244231918eb320d380d23ea21019c6e83e23a2b249365b

Observation e16a6ce6-3e52-4788-96cd-56d1c7a9394d · outbound

This paper cites Concrete problems in.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Concrete problems in

Reference 60

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.674897Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:fd26bb5da5efc7fb9ed8739576a87cde330915e3cf4d5b4190ed0058865a4a15

Observation e81f3096-2659-4f3d-8a00-8a76f9250c16 · outbound

This paper cites Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Quantifying Memorization Across Neural Language Models

Reference 61

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T22:04:59.782633Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:bd08d5cd92d7f76f3c9c6df9f8e72d324b8e8b79e182bbde3af705c480247f86

Observation 38642a91-d54f-4b95-8067-3f1670372518 · outbound

This paper cites Scalable Extraction of Training Data from (Production) Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Scalable Extraction of Training Data from (Production) Language Models

Reference 62

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T19:00:47.082021Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:dd11ec65c6f811354eb3493c57b56b232cdf2d238313d5ccc2fa9bac882a62be

Observation 08e5c942-7847-455b-9d33-235a29e29771 · outbound

This paper cites 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21) , pages=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 21) , pages=

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.677146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:4bc992afb014540193f005c1b204e7f33d7caddf1b76d6d6c91cee7ef6d20a82

Observation 6957b76d-db48-4436-828b-c07a5542ca39 · outbound

This paper cites Preventing Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacy.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Preventing Verbatim Memorization in Language Models Gives a False Sense of Privacy

Reference 64

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.492729Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ff462cf07b879d96c593ef90804d54cbe81e062c1cc7bfd49efb5c8721573f4a

Observation 99d958ca-fe43-46f7-83de-4e36a0fd134c · outbound

This paper cites MADLAD-400: A Multilingual And Document-Level Large Audited Dataset.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size MADLAD-400: A Multilingual And Document-Level Large Audited Dataset

Reference 65

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.495999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:6d57e4a44ba5a7bcff0a0c284c530573849e7507e80e7013fe67d8436f17a87f

Observation a2675556-ffc7-4f0c-a0c3-95e686d48112 · outbound

This paper cites NeurIPS , year =.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size NeurIPS , year =

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.679414Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9c37566f957dc30146bc076dffd3e5f4b4b3206505139507d1bcc8ce59a7655d

Observation 32cce3e2-4dd8-4c29-b4d2-cddaca795d93 · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.681553Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:4439015643fbd3d67364ef7e43c87ef1f7f5bedc6cf3969862e6cab891eb0128

Observation b0604a0b-6204-444b-9e2c-911b72e14f22 · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 68

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.683587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:860bc760fed121cb8c54dfc040890c805e22033467f3fe5a4419e67f29e08383

Observation ed18ddde-3f4f-4ac4-9adc-8f908d4b0319 · outbound

This paper cites A Baseline for Detecting Misclassified and Out-of-Distribution Examples in Neural Networks.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size A Baseline for Detecting Misclassified and Out-of-Distribution Examples in Neural Networks

Reference 69

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T18:23:45.262282Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:79efa58a057bb5835c0d47efa313f58931e0fd6549f1cd3ebd43cc5226fe96dd

Observation 0c65bfec-1f31-4e47-a055-e2d26b380999 · outbound

This paper cites GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints

Reference 70

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T06:53:59.644169Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:8640d97c62ae74335ec2aaa15363b9f9d40889b0a862607b69a3808031a6af6b

Observation b4d8f6dd-a4ad-4c80-b38a-a7c82448d183 · outbound

This paper cites Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models

Reference 72

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T16:01:32.444768Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:181ac7a25371a455c92085c57f322a241dede2227ad7bc42c346d8fe6678e582

Observation 234dfa51-a7ff-42fe-ab4f-ae7bb0399b69 · outbound

This paper cites Mastering the game of.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Mastering the game of

Reference 73

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.685601Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:8ed5be838585c74e4dabb14c473e623a7721bca147cd71e3a3ccf1ac744e20be

Observation 6b2cc0df-d176-4651-b560-178f03f10458 · outbound

This paper cites Proceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture , pages=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Proceedings of the 50th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture , pages=

Reference 74

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.687905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:4a8959ee173433012e021540d2079118b450d5785eebe53a0297b73706b2ce28

Observation 9216a802-26ca-4441-97e0-19232b5ac8fb · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 75

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.690078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:d0612c98d872b6d2ad72de2be69dd30532e901066ffc6d529259a4595df69364

Observation e5e358ef-9e8a-44c2-838d-06cc71f0f6ea · outbound

This paper cites PIQA: Reasoning about Physical Commonsense in Natural Language.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size PIQA: Reasoning about Physical Commonsense in Natural Language

Reference 76

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T14:55:18.098549Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9b0297179ca2c47db84c35b30cb7fafb09f3b9427bdaa0ff0d94d9e3a586f721

Observation 2a476dd5-d428-4429-b743-b6cea75a71b1 · outbound

This paper cites SocialIQA: Commonsense Reasoning about Social Interactions.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size SocialIQA: Commonsense Reasoning about Social Interactions

Reference 77

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T12:22:26.192007Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:d96f5fbf2cdb7e8c5881ad14d58487af6a63cce55f165759fbc8bcf65193b9de

Observation 51d1d710-4d57-43b1-b640-ea370ab44197 · outbound

This paper cites BoolQ: Exploring the Surprising Difficulty of Natural Yes/No Questions.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size BoolQ: Exploring the Surprising Difficulty of Natural Yes/No Questions

Reference 78

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T09:46:19.833273Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:90aff5f40198bae05c7054093209913cf2d0a0b54a9e437c8fcc2476a7863f95

Observation cd33e9ad-f1df-4304-8ecf-3fd12fcf32ec · outbound

This paper cites Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Dai, Jakob Uszkoreit, Quoc Le, and Slav Petrov

Reference 79

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.378030Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:cb395addb8df1d7a9efb6f30c4273d2d25cc25e513c6103a710baa7465c7199f

Observation a6b9bd1f-a060-490d-88fd-d673099d149a · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 80

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:43:44.770948Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T01:08:06.256034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:09c106acd9f85d64da3aa28465d9a153fd59d937c946af0bedc7f0920f085d83

Observation 3ff01e58-50d6-45bb-9d85-beb7473494b1 · outbound

This paper cites Program Synthesis with Large Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Program Synthesis with Large Language Models

Reference 81

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.415038Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:b8eca3946c5af40ba371440520937ae03cb02693386572c350bf7ad11418c49d

Observation 2c139ecd-9c16-4049-bcbe-3d41618db13d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Unresolved cited work

Reference 82

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.692377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:81cbac3d9d0bb91907780229468ff2628457c3ec3d5abebec007a845cdeeb355

Observation f11d48cd-60fd-4ece-afcb-dda0532df0b5 · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 83

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.422721Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:551e6f2e653a6d6042f54082d09f15caa853ae46ef439b92dd20fdd2c583c517

Observation 46c9fca2-a6cc-4520-8c86-fd288fbaeef1 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code

Reference 84

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.429614Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:db72d994e8252cf26e30a70bd9cb1b8a73b389862b21830dadd74e705fa7152e

Observation 8ead0a5e-f2a5-4a06-a710-bd1cd1e33ed9 · outbound

This paper cites Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems

Reference 85

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.436959Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:655d1c1b408691f83aac6eb308adb306e995936ad2cc96f7f1269bb209c2e1c8

Observation 4ec7bf5b-f300-4454-a399-5dababc0c52e · outbound

This paper cites WinoGrande: An Adversarial Winograd Schema Challenge at Scale.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size WinoGrande: An Adversarial Winograd Schema Challenge at Scale

Reference 86

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T17:20:15.117976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:2997c77fffa59b625e2809adc5c9e754ead2c36d6cab5b6fa3104c3039e07fc8

Observation 4241c53f-ef2d-49ff-bdea-a311f0685c4e · outbound

This paper cites The LAMBADA dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse context.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size The LAMBADA dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse context

Reference 87

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.451267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:2c46638279bed6253b281ff129beb88ea0ac89a7c0ab64a7086ba5d84e7a0a9f

Observation 67d00269-6d01-4e7d-a3bc-f99b33695569 · outbound

This paper cites TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehension.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size TriviaQA: A Large Scale Distantly Supervised Challenge Dataset for Reading Comprehension

Reference 88

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T15:00:28.883814Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:14e92c124828058dc26b8658bcf269b68aa6cdc0a91abd05a202f05eb2ff92bb

Observation e41bb05e-6735-4b23-8e76-f7ea69b3bdaf · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 89

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.694858Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:bdbf777f40eb42987e78b7e07196d6f5d56c21816d1da4867220314b8aaa68f8

Observation e4c9c86c-7620-4902-9d4b-c5b797110018 · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 90

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.697527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9b1983e632f909dad8003af656bbc3afb5969a0f84555c6cf588689304f8b9a8

Observation e815344c-cae3-409f-8948-bd2d638c8ce4 · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 91

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.700054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ac5abe649287f2d6ef470a03a074d8a2fdccc5de8c669923c91be347efa64ae2

Observation c90255cd-c6b7-4db0-94d2-9e01d217e070 · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 92

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.702463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:b0bb91ab5094b534a64dc099f2af501ef3a5a75b827ec4d53f87325a43ec1a7c

Observation 3317a70f-69f1-4404-b3dd-3070aad4fdf1 · outbound

This paper cites Textbooks Are All You Need II: phi-1.5 technical report.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Textbooks Are All You Need II: phi-1.5 technical report

Reference 93

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T19:18:01.425637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:dd086325e4cfd687ba3d93f2103588e099519779064153fc0c8fad977c7910d0

Observation feb83365-ebd2-4eb6-bc8f-2dc51ec62687 · outbound

This paper cites Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Network

Reference 94

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.483151Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e0efc65bafe7a38635864bd5021978c67460da0b0c747d05581a8e3f97ea5e94

Observation 2371c6da-aa0a-4d99-ac42-fbbd2cc85977 · outbound

This paper cites Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks

Reference 95

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.486272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:73fa44042b4e0bb816d08499afec71074d16b6e862d652f4d03221a29d28b306

Observation 75292be3-00e0-4f93-9ce1-cc26cae27382 · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Attention Is All You Need

Reference 96

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.489289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a7f2be754083c4ee838e70e743fe958e59f156e3477c2a5bff57eea3dc661e6a

Observation f71b5d9c-efbf-4fb5-9381-1f3f873f8010 · outbound

This paper cites nature , volume=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size nature , volume=

Reference 97

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.705160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:5b1545070d530a021be49031ea1a7cf7359a342a117e6111ee2c519fb9a27f0e

Observation 198f44cc-ba5b-434f-8c88-8a31bb828f03 · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 98

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.707790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ac1d763257463dfdc32e91b06a6194c4ff42c96408517a89535bf20146505f5d

Observation e44696c4-4014-4b6a-b76c-a7af4e45e443 · outbound

This paper cites Journal of Machine Learning Research , volume=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Journal of Machine Learning Research , volume=

Reference 99

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.710349Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:b55b2f7333813b6438035c28213ba37524a92819a3248e8bb8245fe6f2e35483

Observation 257dfda7-7ea3-40d9-926a-3d3db5b3835a · outbound

This paper cites 2019 , url=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2019 , url=

Reference 100

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.712763Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:f72756b74178649088257d551b4945e5131c9aa7e12a1200c54de1eea31a4cc1

Observation 045946fa-abc1-4c3d-a135-e297063db154 · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , publisher=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , publisher=

Reference 101

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.715066Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:8e0803e965d3092c913c3816158d61a44ebcbe6607ca9b43c06e9483a0d639ca

Observation c6ab2678-e08a-4ddb-b5eb-9ff9e886bf0d · outbound

This paper cites Large Scale Distributed Deep Networks , url =.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Large Scale Distributed Deep Networks , url =

Reference 102

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.717524Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:92a9491636c041bfffd9b1b6a10f4d9b0f3261128e15732e0ee6e2d5f0ed86db

Observation b8c0c6c3-c0b5-43cb-8af0-a8da0fb63cd1 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space , booktitle =.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space , booktitle =

Reference 103

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.720145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a64ae42b80ee49afa1b6b20761a1120704507d6d0eb784123353afb40b70fbea

Observation e669db9c-bf66-44b3-88ff-dcff7f0cf654 · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 104

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.517446Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:5f743565ddfce3188dc5d63d60ca97ebe164a593a3051590ea3c98a4e87b69e4

Observation 7d5be3e2-0e59-4316-8f60-dcc2b65ba15d · outbound

This paper cites Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer

Reference 105

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T05:37:56.023799Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e03ede5fc1334945e657f29792d509264b24fa8028d089e723d3a4429035ecac

Observation 863817d1-b906-4e25-af65-e89d0c8dbec7 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Up Models and Data with $\texttt{t5x}$ and $\texttt{seqio}$.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Scaling Up Models and Data with $\texttt{t5x}$ and $\texttt{seqio}$

Reference 106

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.525059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a086ebdbd3e67d841a053bd172738c58eff3a03a31dc3fb4fccdb4b928f1c6c6

Observation 96dac0aa-9252-4980-89de-3657a4753216 · outbound

This paper cites Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Need.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Need

Reference 107

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T23:50:20.836519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e5c14641db03f798c83d7a7f59432d4c20010d825b24ee289537d36808d67f6a

Observation 1118a66f-ad6c-4cd5-9a95-ac72224fa6a8 · outbound

This paper cites RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding

Reference 108

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T19:37:06.679502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9aa8f984bdb53da2a7d71b8a2d5936fe355b9705c3819da05525f81b2689f9ed

Observation c5680e99-aba0-4baf-a167-2580512d86d1 · outbound

This paper cites 2021 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 21) , pages=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2021 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 21) , pages=

Reference 109

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.722776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:2fd4ba1ca7e566ad50e82f27e32cb5cf85935ebf33f5d98b4b834619452c9c02

Observation 767947b1-f978-4e22-9b96-46c61d5c479e · outbound

This paper cites GLU Variants Improve Transformer.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size GLU Variants Improve Transformer

Reference 110

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T17:05:01.922266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:bd5d677d7e8ada8549933d6fefba437f9c290d695c56341868c5ebf635de4287

Observation b8ab7f86-36b2-4f57-9c35-11c876d7a3e4 · outbound

This paper cites Root Mean Square Layer Normalization.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Root Mean Square Layer Normalization

Reference 111

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T18:45:27.296410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:185e66f5bdcdf08826a47cb625c94f6b5068b3c66e1bc0edadf69776145e6058

Observation b1b4d602-fcd7-44ac-9cd7-034e4f792c23 · outbound

This paper cites SentencePiece: A simple and language independent subword tokenizer and detokenizer for Neural Text Processing.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size SentencePiece: A simple and language independent subword tokenizer and detokenizer for Neural Text Processing

Reference 112

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-05-12T20:09:07.599904Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:567399326b2b48a9da665388a70c523dd295aae595749076115d426553358a19

Observation 971b8f39-e680-405d-9ff3-9b97ddc8003e · outbound

This paper cites GSPMD: General and Scalable Parallelization for ML Computation Graphs.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size GSPMD: General and Scalable Parallelization for ML Computation Graphs

Reference 113

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T12:36:36.562059Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:2fc9522e5522f70bde21e79d29ef6a06e40b4a2386a9484b335fd7b600dd92b7

Observation 5b7ec271-66cb-4db7-8538-b320d6c0a89f · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 114

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.725155Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ce6b65261842398a824a9caee2ac77bbb821df0ea43e404b0eff20adb7812251

Observation 22f50c1e-86cb-4c57-83f5-77f39ecadbf5 · outbound

This paper cites PaLM 2 Technical Report.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size PaLM 2 Technical Report

Reference 115

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T11:59:27.667882Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:9a0245e9973593d5799dfbf91e31d01d1292bdf5ff01a5773cff1ea82519b3be

Observation 76a1cd65-83a1-40c5-889c-10619749c952 · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , volume=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , volume=

Reference 116

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.727822Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:f815eda8364287c62e72528ec21ab1b8c9a803a345a472b09dd62863697bad83

Observation 47a34f2c-d50d-4e4a-8b4c-0ce69a5fa0af · outbound

This paper cites Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , volume=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems , volume=

Reference 117

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.730458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a50294593160a0422c5d574e355b3f0dd1532a3b61c869be10b68d314e800ef4

Observation 0bbf94bf-8abc-406b-9ece-2d5f815cc1d1 · outbound

This paper cites The method of paired comparisons , author=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size The method of paired comparisons , author=

Reference 118

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.733100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:4ee4d1a231ba55378e069721fcd760fdae6ec5255f49048330011646683cbb1e

Observation 5529a37c-d051-4746-8641-4f254c191e95 · outbound

This paper cites Machine learning , volume=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Machine learning , volume=

Reference 119

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.735659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:b8ad0816b0bccb7a8f7c1f1f9c2a2cfa130767ee28710a458fd0abb7074a090d

Observation 2516e220-1471-46f9-a1ba-bfed6f3903ed · outbound

This paper cites 2023 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2023 , eprint=

Reference 120

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.738274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:fe120961a7d367a706b59d7d33696a70b4dac9dfa3c6bedc4641c1921368ef92

Observation 87d20fb2-2fa3-4bcc-a0f7-24eb9dc8ca51 · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 121

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.740993Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e2f13e3df07046838fe2992468a64ef529499bb5e71ec3ceff1972a381278d7c

Observation ea616339-c01a-4e18-8a39-34cf61f7d148 · outbound

This paper cites 2018 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2018 , eprint=

Reference 122

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.743427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:24291117f4ba9f548e7f63f428d0c04f3c6a2224a24b0364a435dc7584b8c4f7

Observation 91f88723-cfe3-434f-a6cb-06df568c02fe · outbound

This paper cites 2016 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2016 , eprint=

Reference 123

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.745900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:e9b31f7924136be2db09ff99acbe7c6a4b3e59406fbce70e73783641925ac34c

Observation 7fa6d33a-6144-46e1-9192-211e77805e09 · outbound

This paper cites 2019 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2019 , eprint=

Reference 124

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.558970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:1e0167ec6a3fe0a1b814ee20c0da393519d6dc8dec6dd2637d2eec9b4225882e

Observation 51eab50a-72cb-4caa-bc6f-2632de4f35ac · outbound

This paper cites 2018 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2018 , eprint=

Reference 125

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.561895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:7275c202eb33054b8f426e49436d76b8d276efd13f9a558c19af8787ee7c433e

Observation 814e8297-47ec-4539-911c-2a4e8c7a5016 · outbound

This paper cites Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models

Reference 126

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:54:44.857189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-04T01:08:13.648188+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:da6c1e3a5a7a3840a13cd39367caf26f334e9b5ce2446f3b6af0a74c71995010

Observation 71fbb77d-9016-476e-9955-7a28475aadb1 · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 127

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.564432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:135c5c1553eed47e42352195c6a24382bb7e0ca982d742ad10ee3dcd397d0aae

Observation c35a5125-02bf-4f35-8664-0275955e803f · outbound

This paper cites mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer

Reference 128

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.433596Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:ec2e17d91ba8f6159181b42072e2a8ac33876fce9d6cffb292d524fb9592e9eb

Observation 36b0a1c9-28a4-4e3b-a03a-2dda58342e5b · outbound

This paper cites 2022 , eprint=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size 2022 , eprint=

Reference 129

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.566923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:8f6c500b85c1ee5e725e263844fa33b2a12d738726f4806854ff7861ec80c20a

Observation e02d5a34-6d93-4d01-a705-9121548e9cd3 · outbound

This paper cites NeurIPS , year=.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size NeurIPS , year=

Reference 130

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-05-10T12:11:16.569450Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:a2ac148569f468e6261da403351b8414a16f6a67c67b3ce896ef141099bbe2e4

Observation f0ecb552-6fee-4be8-ae97-6174f93f2183 · outbound

This paper cites Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models.

Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size Ethical and social risks of harm from Language Models

Reference 131

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T18:24:30.556046Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-10T12:11:16.326752Z digest=sha256:d1c27fa181916802834a4dbdcdb35b1f09e438ed4a0edbf49ffb19d3987b1731

Pith citing papers

Observation 1e244709-815a-4d1f-8481-8b604cab05a1 · inbound

A Survey of Large Language Models cites this paper.

A Survey of Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 142

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T22:46:40.648135Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T22:46:39.268353Z digest=sha256:68e16d70c0b53160c0a8978421f43c235642e4c02d3ef5efd3dd9c8450be69a0

Observation 32ff83e4-f78f-4e18-b19d-c9980754225b · inbound

Whispers in the Machine: Confidentiality in Agentic Systems cites this paper.

Whispers in the Machine: Confidentiality in Agentic Systems Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 38

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-24T04:03:53.838129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-24T03:59:03.972043Z digest=sha256:eb730ac632f67912557c339166d626dfc5befc4c4cba04ed7d917dc9b79f4c79

Observation 2a6127cd-66ca-4201-ae5b-b5735270d8ec · inbound

Argumentative Large Language Models for Explainable and Contestable Claim Verification cites this paper.

Argumentative Large Language Models for Explainable and Contestable Claim Verification Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 47

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-24T01:18:42.209834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-24T01:17:26.111194Z digest=sha256:05c53a26afd5e123f4e05101fd3bfd20c0327e399bfbac7794c0601210c19935

Observation e745bd77-8f14-4197-a6ef-c329e9535ec7 · inbound

AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents cites this paper.

AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 28

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T12:06:13.825027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T12:06:13.697487Z digest=sha256:5ab9dab887046cef795ac1fccb9c78275dc9f5c1026b2c42afafa82ab89b0f76

Observation 174e6b17-e5fa-4ebd-9a14-255faddb1d9f · inbound

Improve Mathematical Reasoning in Language Models by Automated Process Supervision cites this paper.

Improve Mathematical Reasoning in Language Models by Automated Process Supervision Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 6

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T20:53:45.911301Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T20:53:45.878221Z digest=sha256:b70778f6b58656d43b921d6d3dab759601183ae153624d417e5658e741cdcfe5

Observation 8be4f0bc-3d69-4ada-83d2-2aa6aaa2e597 · inbound

Magpie: Alignment Data Synthesis from Scratch by Prompting Aligned LLMs with Nothing cites this paper.

Magpie: Alignment Data Synthesis from Scratch by Prompting Aligned LLMs with Nothing Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 140

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T06:58:36.891851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-16T06:58:36.684583Z digest=sha256:351aa21af3db59b95016826891532a8df2522f1dbf568bb8e1c87da771001a3e

Observation be02f13a-0d02-4ccc-8732-5e2257b9a07e · inbound

LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark cites this paper.

LiveBench: A Challenging, Contamination-Limited LLM Benchmark Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 37

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T04:48:26.505807Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T04:48:26.303240Z digest=sha256:9519da51801ec5bbed12a30c9619eb6659eae934faf0aff76dce2ab09e947ae6

Observation 6f93f34a-0329-433a-a1f0-1ce32328b691 · inbound

WildFeedback: Aligning LLMs With In-situ User Interactions And Feedback cites this paper.

WildFeedback: Aligning LLMs With In-situ User Interactions And Feedback Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 34

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T22:38:32.520374Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-23T22:37:43.230753Z digest=sha256:7b6625b3e48e01611347e6359c72f1923992891fb868cf67d6bc90986b0acd1e

Observation 519611ce-b368-48d8-a7b9-bbbe6d390762 · inbound

Harmful Fine-tuning Attacks and Defenses for Large Language Models: A Survey cites this paper.

Harmful Fine-tuning Attacks and Defenses for Large Language Models: A Survey Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 146

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T20:58:26.345381Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T20:58:16.237327Z digest=sha256:c32471783318759918358091c0a59e2ad05f69ae1c8ad62f4c65d623e7dda884

Observation afe5f978-1f1c-47bf-9ecb-63afa31e2cea · inbound

Agent Security Bench (ASB): Formalizing and Benchmarking Attacks and Defenses in LLM-based Agents cites this paper.

Agent Security Bench (ASB): Formalizing and Benchmarking Attacks and Defenses in LLM-based Agents Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 133

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-12T13:36:57.174673Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-12T13:36:57.011451Z digest=sha256:161756b82f8f29286e890ccd876392dd25822f823d18fda86fa0de79e76b81bc

Observation ba24866b-1de1-45f4-b234-dd1c535b0a49 · inbound

GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models cites this paper.

GSM-Symbolic: Understanding the Limitations of Mathematical Reasoning in Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 91

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T00:42:11.978514Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-15T00:42:11.891829Z digest=sha256:1da6cf08d4581ec1cfb1c7f77cc136818ff702a396dfeefacc38b385d64a7732

Observation d45de892-0290-4721-8029-d3a6fc9a6b2b · inbound

SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformers cites this paper.

SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformers Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 18

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T00:56:50.031418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T00:56:50.009149Z digest=sha256:93b057e905b5abe8b73aea3372ad210c9200243f01d393b31bad17391b53638a

Observation 4ea583d7-0dae-4766-a84e-17d53136cc03 · inbound

LightTransfer: Your Long-Context LLM is Secretly a Hybrid Model with Effortless Adaptation cites this paper.

LightTransfer: Your Long-Context LLM is Secretly a Hybrid Model with Effortless Adaptation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 14

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T18:33:19.559825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T18:31:35.391674Z digest=sha256:e350630ac3249e1758824fb7b9675ee1d7097ebc00a3d36b1ec757e22d8e4f7e

Observation 994b1759-f09d-451f-8f87-d9fe39ce35dc · inbound

Skywork-Reward: Bag of Tricks for Reward Modeling in LLMs cites this paper.

Skywork-Reward: Bag of Tricks for Reward Modeling in LLMs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-17T16:18:01.667248Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-17T16:18:01.560780Z digest=sha256:b245787e51c1211c68ba9c87c7d50710fa812279993847dfe93cdd7445ac55e6

Observation a63164f1-15cd-445f-aaa1-fafc0f7b91f4 · inbound

PaliGemma 2: A Family of Versatile VLMs for Transfer cites this paper.

PaliGemma 2: A Family of Versatile VLMs for Transfer Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 22

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T09:15:07.579671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T09:15:07.523565Z digest=sha256:4d8b374b7f55b0629b0cd343ed7866ee3758a0254f0b27cf36bd793cd70aec27

Observation 5303309a-0270-4245-a092-956238fd9312 · inbound

Flex Attention: A Programming Model for Generating Optimized Attention Kernels cites this paper.

Flex Attention: A Programming Model for Generating Optimized Attention Kernels Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 46

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-17T21:27:16.688665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-17T21:27:16.615071Z digest=sha256:b166bb644ce72ffec509fc987f1437af1013041f199ad43012d5aae5026e8683

Observation bcc50f09-23f8-4a6a-b9fa-82ed72d81297 · inbound

Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inference cites this paper.

Smarter, Better, Faster, Longer: A Modern Bidirectional Encoder for Fast, Memory Efficient, and Long Context Finetuning and Inference Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 139

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-20T17:46:47.077697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-20T17:46:46.845424Z digest=sha256:e6a396e99e0a1f6fb3f6a290a3e97c5b79f79cfa52a66cd4c95d22490453cf44

Observation 9e27ef05-20e7-47ae-badf-b49b21286739 · inbound

Qwen2.5 Technical Report cites this paper.

Qwen2.5 Technical Report Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 18

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T06:25:27.909331Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T06:25:00.376073Z digest=sha256:5e670745932b89b88898c75ec75a2dacba813bfa08497986e07649eaecc2c775

Observation 563eb4e9-1047-4771-a3c1-b4a00bbdfa69 · inbound

HuatuoGPT-o1, Towards Medical Complex Reasoning with LLMs cites this paper.

HuatuoGPT-o1, Towards Medical Complex Reasoning with LLMs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 19

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T12:36:50.299311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T12:36:50.060335Z digest=sha256:5298726f672d31cb68f159a9d7557178cb535102ec928a531861d1d71a31e127

Observation 71174748-c800-4fce-995c-7efa3502db26 · inbound

Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform for Physical AI cites this paper.

Cosmos World Foundation Model Platform for Physical AI Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 190

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T23:38:45.943689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T23:38:44.933410Z digest=sha256:0a6eab46793dd51a04cf1dc1188b56909ed9c65e02b1f0aa5861f14097b3eac2

Observation 8ffa63df-206e-4e1b-a0fd-c0f119956d0a · inbound

AdaMCoT: Rethinking Cross-Lingual Factual Reasoning through Adaptive Multilingual Chain-of-Thought cites this paper.

AdaMCoT: Rethinking Cross-Lingual Factual Reasoning through Adaptive Multilingual Chain-of-Thought Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 9

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T04:55:24.824604Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T04:55:04.067483Z digest=sha256:2cacf18730241c20da222b3c22186e2f1c35eb0c0807d444a33e1cc0a712f725

Observation 4a659738-1bd8-4d72-a3f3-287ef606fce2 · inbound

SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model cites this paper.

SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 228

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T17:30:03.034288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-13T17:30:02.803757Z digest=sha256:a2ea85b54654d43436ac5d144dcd84ca91296f5cf9abf0f82fc00b5af31a9b19

Observation 802d48bd-3a5c-4f5d-93c2-034974f8f8a2 · inbound

Scaling up Test-Time Compute with Latent Reasoning: A Recurrent Depth Approach cites this paper.

Scaling up Test-Time Compute with Latent Reasoning: A Recurrent Depth Approach Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 156

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-12T15:39:41.259913Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-12T15:39:40.845703Z digest=sha256:c895af9289b1c538f760c73cd06bfcfa5d193e8a6f739f3790d93ec3fac45d4f

Observation e4fd7bea-0ee0-482d-9437-a4d96191688d · inbound

Token-Level Density-Based Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Eliciting Truthfulness of Large Language Models cites this paper.

Token-Level Density-Based Uncertainty Quantification Methods for Eliciting Truthfulness of Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 46

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T02:52:25.988860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-23T02:51:16.495409Z digest=sha256:cdbfa11183f403a76205e68e191a54f7e70d709716d7cd1286eeb31a037da1f9

Observation fe68dd09-79e2-4b04-81bd-27d440ebcd3b · inbound

LLM-based User Profile Management for Recommender System cites this paper.

LLM-based User Profile Management for Recommender System Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 4

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-23T02:45:19.284290Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T02:45:16.107117Z digest=sha256:940f35ca6d4a79f9b67567787651410d1682ba278b4546e7abf53d1e699718dd

Observation 0162e5d8-7a90-48c3-8038-b4d193c14069 · inbound

SigLIP 2: Multilingual Vision-Language Encoders with Improved Semantic Understanding, Localization, and Dense Features cites this paper.

SigLIP 2: Multilingual Vision-Language Encoders with Improved Semantic Understanding, Localization, and Dense Features Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 23

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T15:49:22.346609Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T15:49:22.279848Z digest=sha256:cd7c7e1550340e2fd294f940b30d06d8c5c8bfba4b986a8abc22fbe0651e9228

Observation 28e75e17-90e1-45b1-8283-28ba35d04394 · inbound

Muon is Scalable for LLM Training cites this paper.

Muon is Scalable for LLM Training Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 96

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-11T23:02:52.022870Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-11T23:02:51.656353Z digest=sha256:02030ceb2bc18bcacdd7548f63945c832f16de2e3fbec0f64ccd8a97a13eec09

Observation 9ac5b64d-3da6-4e3e-8bc4-74ece11226b0 · inbound

Phi-4-Mini Technical Report: Compact yet Powerful Multimodal Language Models via Mixture-of-LoRAs cites this paper.

Phi-4-Mini Technical Report: Compact yet Powerful Multimodal Language Models via Mixture-of-LoRAs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 44

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-11T22:22:28.180304Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-11T22:22:27.455361Z digest=sha256:d0aa2d38ad0334859df1b742055770d17b1bb46b10ff47dd26acb97570441d33

Observation 120ebf76-ca52-41e5-ab90-dae59b645edc · inbound

Gemma 3 Technical Report cites this paper.

Gemma 3 Technical Report Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T22:22:12.281193Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T22:18:55.976503Z digest=sha256:e787607ac717bc439a394ca33ef44e9ae2d6fabfd5fdc3164cc7332b830c98bb

Observation 30869206-e568-4897-aa17-12b4058483ac · inbound

SocialLM: Social Signal Processing of Patient-Provider Communication using LLMs and Contextual Aggregation cites this paper.

SocialLM: Social Signal Processing of Patient-Provider Communication using LLMs and Contextual Aggregation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 57

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T17:05:00.340408Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T17:04:00.508789Z digest=sha256:a2df91d37e335b30d62794b6e8b52879a3e1402d2cfa210dce24826757e7ebac

Observation 8d63b592-81ea-4102-b5a8-5fe758706ef9 · inbound

Extracting memorized pieces of (copyrighted) books from open-weight language models cites this paper.

Extracting memorized pieces of (copyrighted) books from open-weight language models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 261

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T14:01:38.046432Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T13:59:05.460455Z digest=sha256:6c5fa732434f5b5c4fe7e10e11b720fbc5bc0e67cc3469d1c8820e037351dea4

Observation 11682591-c37c-4068-8897-ebfa8739b6c8 · inbound

Language Model Networks: Supervision-Efficient Learning through Dense Communication cites this paper.

Language Model Networks: Supervision-Efficient Learning through Dense Communication Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 43

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T14:51:42.000810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T14:50:45.735917Z digest=sha256:c14a7c494688b859a824bc87899cc0149d01d1408f01bcbf0f1b70a7c753ee48

Observation 3f6f8ab6-e359-46a8-bd59-496ab9d4fb5c · inbound

Beyond Words: Multimodal LLM Knows When to Speak cites this paper.

Beyond Words: Multimodal LLM Knows When to Speak Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 19

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T13:31:35.966312Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T13:31:26.532921Z digest=sha256:a480ab628b2675e0ed021aab99506cb700e5724534d458f84366b9260babf7fe

Observation 21c0c616-ade1-461c-b746-c220c0746c96 · inbound

LoVeC: Reinforcement Learning for Better Verbalized Confidence in Long-Form Generations cites this paper.

LoVeC: Reinforcement Learning for Better Verbalized Confidence in Long-Form Generations Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 23

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T12:47:17.954703Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T12:43:51.019983Z digest=sha256:c8885fa4bce26431913e1444efb076e10684cdf3bf8248f27c2fa0c4e20f340b

Observation 696fc91f-87ff-4805-9238-b4064e658d49 · inbound

Exploring the Secondary Risks of Large Language Models cites this paper.

Exploring the Secondary Risks of Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 44

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T09:42:13.999498Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T09:40:58.067398Z digest=sha256:b97ef1329b4217edd3bad3c5cf6f954335a2aef9e931ba0b29c2a57bff3f205d

Observation b3b075ea-a2a5-4fe2-ad72-7ec567cdde35 · inbound

A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models: An Action Tokenization Perspective cites this paper.

A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models: An Action Tokenization Perspective Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 61

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-17T14:08:35.112073Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-17T14:08:34.893876Z digest=sha256:bd6d0e854d1079789c5564149eb520091a624bdadb564e63605a56eb8e1dfe58

Observation 7f6cbeaf-36b6-44fa-bb33-d9846610367c · inbound

From Ambiguity to Accuracy: The Transformative Effect of Coreference Resolution on Retrieval-Augmented Generation systems cites this paper.

From Ambiguity to Accuracy: The Transformative Effect of Coreference Resolution on Retrieval-Augmented Generation systems Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 18

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T05:32:05.756159Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T05:30:33.121799Z digest=sha256:85436bacd7888fe893c6d13545013d87c8aff98ce2f6608a454bf0772f8893d2

Observation bd6b257e-9663-42d4-b8d8-a29de28abd98 · inbound

Shared representations in brains and models reveal a two-route cortical organization during scene perception cites this paper.

Shared representations in brains and models reveal a two-route cortical organization during scene perception Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 77

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T05:02:05.256957Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T04:57:27.800179Z digest=sha256:438fd1148b6a816f887fc66feb21f2176c6684a31ed65fb1e6c857f5515cce39

Observation 110b9c50-ccc8-400b-87c4-4ce9a9df4d9e · inbound

SessionIntentBench: A Multi-task Inter-session Intention-shift Modeling Benchmark for E-commerce Customer Behavior Understanding cites this paper.

SessionIntentBench: A Multi-task Inter-session Intention-shift Modeling Benchmark for E-commerce Customer Behavior Understanding Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 26

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T02:57:00.507435Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-19T02:55:15.547931Z digest=sha256:f4732ac56cd1bc2e06b680f4822d52509ae000e380e5c5ac852fb630c5200d97

Observation f51e511d-1828-461a-bc69-c9830d6c9024 · inbound

Kimi K2: Open Agentic Intelligence cites this paper.

Kimi K2: Open Agentic Intelligence Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 73

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-10T17:49:28.065404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T17:49:27.926646Z digest=sha256:7b50dfa26989898a8a35dc89037f513a681222e6eed15ad49a3e46294b469d5e

Observation 7a3f45ef-3911-4334-8aec-74f4a5569f84 · inbound

Culinary Crossroads: A RAG Framework for Enhancing Diversity in Cross-Cultural Recipe Adaptation cites this paper.

Culinary Crossroads: A RAG Framework for Enhancing Diversity in Cross-Cultural Recipe Adaptation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 19

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-19T02:21:59.179005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T02:20:03.766702Z digest=sha256:951380e3753e3a6134e64af44eddec78262825211e495abc2bc7c559572aa246

Observation d588504d-756f-497f-819a-65f9cafdae76 · inbound

Mirroring Users: Towards Building Preference-aligned User Simulator with User Feedback in Recommendation cites this paper.

Mirroring Users: Towards Building Preference-aligned User Simulator with User Feedback in Recommendation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 48

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T21:31:51.528936Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T21:28:29.868292Z digest=sha256:7a0185d0f44037803a0b82bff5bd36a8586433c07cc8e27d309e69e8a33e90d0

Observation 906baafa-d836-408b-b5c9-8182f79e304f · inbound

SpikingBrain: Spiking Brain-inspired Large Models cites this paper.

SpikingBrain: Spiking Brain-inspired Large Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 34

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T18:51:45.829709Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T18:51:06.243305Z digest=sha256:81b6bd32e427ba2c8e4e8055213697dd01f283206f12806f60a9dca9edf4c9db

Observation c7fd66f9-6a1c-4aef-ab29-9d110e67e029 · inbound

Clotho: Measuring Task-Specific Pre-Generation Test Adequacy for LLM Inputs cites this paper.

Clotho: Measuring Task-Specific Pre-Generation Test Adequacy for LLM Inputs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 41

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T15:31:33.560830Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T15:28:58.083223Z digest=sha256:8e771cde666cbebd10201dd04995494fb3494dbff68b724bfc301ff6c500305b

Observation 79fa7c5a-9ce2-4ed4-b98a-75e9bbbb417b · inbound

BoHA: Blockwise Hadamard Product Adaptation for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning cites this paper.

BoHA: Blockwise Hadamard Product Adaptation for Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 15

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T13:51:26.021245Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T13:47:15.959308Z digest=sha256:6f548c4c0af6c2ff748aaa7892a85732ca42e99cd5fe1ace42cea21fd95f8956

Observation 5128dbfc-81aa-47b3-8f2c-44cc02513757 · inbound

Multiplayer Nash Preference Optimization cites this paper.

Multiplayer Nash Preference Optimization Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 27

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T13:11:24.083212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T13:09:54.433720Z digest=sha256:514b9137e7e13b4f1957c815f3d12819e72dfb1fe60814210c419852a36db3cf

Observation 31f7be94-d513-4489-a5e0-866f3a232c5c · inbound

On the Shelf Life of Fine-Tuned LLM-Judges: Future-Proofing, Backward-Compatibility, and Question Generalization cites this paper.

On the Shelf Life of Fine-Tuned LLM-Judges: Future-Proofing, Backward-Compatibility, and Question Generalization Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 30

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T12:56:24.625635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-18T12:53:45.767341Z digest=sha256:3992c8e25f0d5aeea1cdfd2a8bb4892a6034d1542af20c698cd27450cf6b91ae

Observation ec153827-1b7c-4736-b3f0-e16aa29bf224 · inbound

Training Agents Inside of Scalable World Models cites this paper.

Training Agents Inside of Scalable World Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 37

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T02:05:52.558344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T02:05:52.431747Z digest=sha256:61f55a616f101d48822b03158a1cb9295447c62edd0452940a3053d915fa0724

Observation 4b32090e-2d38-475e-82df-98661a6f032b · inbound

Multi-LLM Orchestration for High-Quality Code Generation: Exploiting Complementary Model Strengths cites this paper.

Multi-LLM Orchestration for High-Quality Code Generation: Exploiting Complementary Model Strengths Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 62

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T10:22:33.352813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T10:22:09.037783Z digest=sha256:b355e77e242fcc7b29cc37e536fe18fe7f14f985ba927d35f13974fb3ed492a8

Observation 10ff02a2-2ceb-47ff-9f86-b3f8b5b64c23 · inbound

Activation Steering with a Feedback Controller cites this paper.

Activation Steering with a Feedback Controller Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 7

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-21T21:50:41.367051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-21T21:50:05.186376Z digest=sha256:f776e9fc710c7fb5c72f202c23e19cd9d20f0363588bc6e24c58a5e547d47b63

Observation 41036d9a-f999-4bd2-9b86-c945edcbcaa5 · inbound

Differentially Private Synthetic Text Generation for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) cites this paper.

Differentially Private Synthetic Text Generation for Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 7

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T09:51:13.545906Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T09:49:12.493851Z digest=sha256:63da23a3c4607baf312abcf7166cc73f3ab3d1533f92de5eb8cbb71bf3093f87

Observation 84538412-1480-4fe2-8833-8b0eedacfe1c · inbound

LLM4Delay: Flight Delay Prediction via Cross-Modality Adaptation of Large Language Models and Aircraft Trajectory Representation cites this paper.

LLM4Delay: Flight Delay Prediction via Cross-Modality Adaptation of Large Language Models and Aircraft Trajectory Representation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 40

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T04:30:53.681700Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T04:26:15.232765Z digest=sha256:74382fc81d5a76e80a37df1dfab5a34bad8b90170db1cf4efc0505e2ed232057

Observation 722f19a2-65e9-4914-a263-c8be39a0af01 · inbound

OpenSIR: Open-Ended Self-Improving Reasoner cites this paper.

OpenSIR: Open-Ended Self-Improving Reasoner Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 10

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T00:37:51.312622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-04T00:37:51.312622Z digest=sha256:2e879b222c0027e53ad53aa8dbb0e313b6cdd8e9b8be6d8d20614e1eaeb06895

Observation c3f12a63-8123-4003-be6e-b2562b073d24 · inbound

Difficulty-Controllable Cloze Question Distractor Generation cites this paper.

Difficulty-Controllable Cloze Question Distractor Generation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 23

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-21T20:44:21.914527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-21T20:42:45.778028Z digest=sha256:9cbfb8eb8811f0500aaa592a07711fa46d9e868526a5650eead5f1397b7b86af

Observation e09c8e9c-8d95-48f7-ae73-7bea46641f32 · inbound

SnapStream: Efficient Long Sequence Decoding on Dataflow Accelerators cites this paper.

SnapStream: Efficient Long Sequence Decoding on Dataflow Accelerators Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 20

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-18T02:00:39.330829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T01:59:30.583027Z digest=sha256:691ac68b1567bfedb990689955d31993cf6c51020aa85e4519b76288a11c735b

Observation a9146a2e-7ab6-4fce-8c35-03a220df1386 · inbound

ParaBlock: Communication-Computation Parallel Block Coordinate Federated Learning for Large Language Models cites this paper.

ParaBlock: Communication-Computation Parallel Block Coordinate Federated Learning for Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 36

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T20:29:50.754628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T20:29:50.754628Z digest=sha256:9ad3f8d992536f9d66091606ff9ead655b829c76e2ca3a93257d5661ef862e8f

Observation 8ae17341-4623-4059-bf43-64357480ab03 · inbound

PixelDiT: Pixel Diffusion Transformers for Image Generation cites this paper.

PixelDiT: Pixel Diffusion Transformers for Image Generation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 35

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-17T04:31:31.166267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-17T04:30:07.417197Z digest=sha256:a5ca4fe54e8876a382d204b4b0d15640b82f2913de305519984a66bd4d2c4aac

Observation e6257b41-95ed-4ffc-9f7f-5950b6eef707 · inbound

Dynamically Scaled Activation Steering cites this paper.

Dynamically Scaled Activation Steering Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 6

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T18:48:26.431463Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T18:48:26.431463Z digest=sha256:6d1b3e2b9c2dea4fe14f63ab0b30c9064899447e933f72250a06ef31b38f7fa0

Observation 71a288a5-6b1f-4f2d-9b8f-1827a8cd1a90 · inbound

Dynamically Scaled Activation Steering cites this paper.

Dynamically Scaled Activation Steering Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2024

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T18:48:26.352501Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T18:48:26.352501Z digest=sha256:8dd57bf84d16024e305ad39ed13381315b8d51fbc567006000364a5b29139020

Observation d13fa191-ddd4-4a31-ad90-c8377220b6d4 · inbound

The SuperActivator Mechanism: Transformers Concentrate Reliable Concept Signals in the Tail cites this paper.

The SuperActivator Mechanism: Transformers Concentrate Reliable Concept Signals in the Tail Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 72

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T18:33:08.505536Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T18:33:08.505536Z digest=sha256:faa2e3c415e5d8b0844fdd33d9f468184478213031bb7b085b081e2828203201

Observation 1fddbcb6-da5a-4f8a-9c4a-e6a269766445 · inbound

Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding for Error Span Detection in Reference-Free Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation cites this paper.

Minimum Bayes Risk Decoding for Error Span Detection in Reference-Free Automatic Machine Translation Evaluation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 48

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T17:56:48.072540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-03T17:56:48.072540Z digest=sha256:d5b2fdfd75ac5c4c43021d73cf274b1e000225cb6d0143597dca92fcd2068c41

Observation 5b10e3fd-7ce6-4045-bc81-7b0598e03b9a · inbound

IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generation cites this paper.

IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 64

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T17:06:57.456402Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T17:06:57.456402Z digest=sha256:da190c747e397d42e89f94aab593a750375f4ebdc67383850bf34edfff84584f

Observation 67f21661-0fe9-40bf-8db8-18dc7818a49d · inbound

When the Gold Standard Isn't Necessarily Standard: Challenges of Evaluating the Translation of User-Generated Content cites this paper.

When the Gold Standard Isn't Necessarily Standard: Challenges of Evaluating the Translation of User-Generated Content Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 1

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T20:38:24.566981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T20:37:44.147361Z digest=sha256:fe633ebd61bf1ee3004713c373b5802bd0ca3eb5ea540d4549b9dc7acb98664f

Observation 6e84f8cd-039a-48cf-9bab-36e2cf1765cc · inbound

When the Gold Standard Isn't Necessarily Standard: Challenges of Evaluating the Translation of User-Generated Content cites this paper.

When the Gold Standard Isn't Necessarily Standard: Challenges of Evaluating the Translation of User-Generated Content Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2021

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T15:15:39.212846Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T15:15:39.212846Z digest=sha256:d24fdab4a037a96ee8084c0d1420d36cc8aba4661eb3991c39738b6941cfb953

Observation dd6b0793-065a-4ec9-a03c-413111365b88 · inbound

FPBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Multimodal Large Language Models for Fingerprint Analysis cites this paper.

FPBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Multimodal Large Language Models for Fingerprint Analysis Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 53

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T20:28:23.882479Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T20:27:40.572994Z digest=sha256:56abbf9bf99f1841a76600cf397da3714d8c6fc6557ffa3fd28fb56fb2ba9152

Observation e0db5dce-7359-48c5-a6c6-dfe1b337afe9 · inbound

VLA-Arena: An Open-Source Framework for Benchmarking Vision-Language-Action Models cites this paper.

VLA-Arena: An Open-Source Framework for Benchmarking Vision-Language-Action Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 40

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T13:53:26.747305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T13:53:26.747305Z digest=sha256:515fff34354fe122cd942c44cd84a1e63fc70bd0670dac389d02916a05d34b3b

Observation b6f7e503-a702-451f-949b-09bf2c65f056 · inbound

When the Same Coefficients Reach Different Places: Asymmetric Realizability in Transplanting Tokenizers across Large Language Models cites this paper.

When the Same Coefficients Reach Different Places: Asymmetric Realizability in Transplanting Tokenizers across Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 20

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T13:15:38.634791Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T13:15:38.634791Z digest=sha256:03f25ff71b6c421781a3c0d48968294a4da8ec310a8be84f6d9ad8f09b94fb5a

Observation 737b6b9b-4007-453a-ba0b-9b840633eacc · inbound

Token-Level LLM Collaboration via FusionRoute cites this paper.

Token-Level LLM Collaboration via FusionRoute Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 21

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-22T12:26:31.510045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-22T12:25:59.747665Z digest=sha256:2a3998e9323ec9348a0e4189aabca2b20364d2155e69364d8a31b3bff54e4399

Observation e7884228-5b3f-46b8-ada7-2f66f7bc907a · inbound

Context Matters: Peer-Aware Student Behavioral Engagement Measurement via VLM Action Parsing and LLM Sequence Classification cites this paper.

Context Matters: Peer-Aware Student Behavioral Engagement Measurement via VLM Action Parsing and LLM Sequence Classification Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 32

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T15:48:03.799303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T15:47:08.925519Z digest=sha256:ee548a315f99d16093d55b86979cfba90ccabba1776b706f1f6ed1c6fd36758d

Observation 1bbf4fee-e56f-4fe1-b26c-bfe023151b04 · inbound

Stable On-Policy Distillation through Adaptive Target Reformulation cites this paper.

Stable On-Policy Distillation through Adaptive Target Reformulation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 17

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T11:14:51.832348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-03T11:14:51.832348Z digest=sha256:15a7e9c70c38447a29367e430af6384e960e3f853f61807be02dc3ee1ec6cd40

Observation d15f7316-29c3-438a-87b6-727b232c441e · inbound

CURE-Med: Curriculum-Informed Reinforcement Learning for Multilingual Medical Reasoning cites this paper.

CURE-Med: Curriculum-Informed Reinforcement Learning for Multilingual Medical Reasoning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 54

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T13:20:57.513040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T13:20:49.919833Z digest=sha256:26a7e38bdc52992a9fe38a94cc305083228e023f1675cf548989c6270e134a7e

Observation f20a5797-2078-41c2-9241-cfec20f54c54 · inbound

Who Endorsed It? Measuring Authority Bias Across Expertise Levels in Language Models cites this paper.

Who Endorsed It? Measuring Authority Bias Across Expertise Levels in Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 25

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T09:37:08.686734Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-03T09:37:08.686734Z digest=sha256:42966683b756fd201d4a2161675c364007dc3063c924fd050dc2244daab0d662

Observation 82a60da0-3b46-47a2-b632-d8c20c9359cc · inbound

How Do Transformers Learn to Associate Tokens: Gradient Leading Terms Bring Mechanistic Interpretability cites this paper.

How Do Transformers Learn to Associate Tokens: Gradient Leading Terms Bring Mechanistic Interpretability Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 16

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T11:20:52.683125Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T11:20:33.400885Z digest=sha256:b05aea3a8c25da78d10b4c72a7e555dc44cd437e609e5d24811b7133e24f0cd9

Observation c5bff604-b2df-4860-b6e0-f4a3e22c31d9 · inbound

LLM-AutoDP: Automatic Data Processing via LLM Agents for Model Fine-tuning cites this paper.

LLM-AutoDP: Automatic Data Processing via LLM Agents for Model Fine-tuning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 42

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-16T10:57:46.847244Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-16T10:54:22.183741Z digest=sha256:d129f23cca27e5f3fbfe3d563c1046cbf41dc4e59d8472d5a76311d9fe960fb0

Observation 58e2e5ac-c5cc-49b1-b893-abb46450f71b · inbound

SpanNorm: Reconciling Training Stability and Performance in Deep Transformers cites this paper.

SpanNorm: Reconciling Training Stability and Performance in Deep Transformers Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 13

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T06:37:53.551888Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T06:37:53.551888Z digest=sha256:57d89e91e70d3ad199eac2d796a6a60c9ad12ae2aa99e0de23e5c9deff06287e

Observation 9250ceb3-116c-41f0-8a31-72f305f3ae0f · inbound

AlienLM: Alienization of Language for API-Boundary Privacy in Black-Box LLMs cites this paper.

AlienLM: Alienization of Language for API-Boundary Privacy in Black-Box LLMs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2021

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T06:32:49.417303Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T06:32:49.417303Z digest=sha256:6e552bebd98bb22c966a663b017a63c04dc66cde5b4d42b05d5b739d141be4a7

Observation d7a9f0f6-951a-4c6c-a1f9-cf09c97b08c6 · inbound

Test-Time Detoxification without Training or Learning Anything cites this paper.

Test-Time Detoxification without Training or Learning Anything Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 44

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T10:40:46.882802Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T10:40:46.882802Z digest=sha256:f9ce53521891e888d75217abb44f736ac9a82b186355d68cc1efd4e15d6980b2

Observation b1f990a2-b3ed-4f7c-a134-ca6aedc15e02 · inbound

MobileManiBench: Simplifying Model Verification for Mobile Manipulation cites this paper.

MobileManiBench: Simplifying Model Verification for Mobile Manipulation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 41

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:23:44.702390Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T04:23:44.702390Z digest=sha256:9b77cfeee031c028199003817c6493d90601fa47bb4427a056784b323c48af37

Observation 0a2afd9f-8422-4a25-b57f-51b4f6d059f9 · inbound

Kunlun: Establishing Scaling Laws for Massive-Scale Recommendation Systems through Unified Architecture Design cites this paper.

Kunlun: Establishing Scaling Laws for Massive-Scale Recommendation Systems through Unified Architecture Design Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2024

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T02:40:25.262706Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T02:40:25.262706Z digest=sha256:7977c5e26e3de14a43f951dcd83ff09fda23c6f1bbac66a500519c6c6217337f

Observation b0132654-6327-462c-b158-89fbe20b0533 · inbound

Response-Based Knowledge Distillation for Multilingual Jailbreak Prevention Unwittingly Compromises Safety cites this paper.

Response-Based Knowledge Distillation for Multilingual Jailbreak Prevention Unwittingly Compromises Safety Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-17T01:28:48.745820Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-17T01:27:16.967080Z digest=sha256:8fcd5e529e30cec589defc2d4e1d43effcbfdc5cd0db965df438744c9575c76d

Observation 818f28fc-2e3d-475a-a009-f7beb0c0171b · inbound

Mechanistic Evidence for Faithfulness Decay in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning cites this paper.

Mechanistic Evidence for Faithfulness Decay in Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 8

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T04:23:23.240320Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T04:23:23.240320Z digest=sha256:0b9e91129382b617e32b36a53a8c4fe90b4df8ab3916ef4cf946b513738c1340

Observation b1e10a14-f8a2-46ed-8227-05731aacc094 · inbound

DICE: Diffusion Large Language Models Excel at Generating CUDA Kernels cites this paper.

DICE: Diffusion Large Language Models Excel at Generating CUDA Kernels Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 21

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T00:05:26.988043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-03T00:05:26.988043Z digest=sha256:3077e7bbf5915805b99a41a8192e39d9aae1511abc042b12481abbff26811969

Observation a7d19947-e5bf-4239-9707-13e02757df66 · inbound

Scaling Model and Data for Multilingual Machine Translation with Open Large Language Models cites this paper.

Scaling Model and Data for Multilingual Machine Translation with Open Large Language Models Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 32

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T00:02:15.921883Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-03T00:02:15.921883Z digest=sha256:d31d902872ab2b6dc81fe920c6f5284528cc943b297d337fb1801d07eaa26027

Observation d7ad1789-f78f-48e7-b26c-c34c201446e2 · inbound

You Can Learn Tokenization End-to-End with Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

You Can Learn Tokenization End-to-End with Reinforcement Learning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T23:25:18.372025Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T23:25:18.372025Z digest=sha256:aef45b3291989fa2ac0e818972f92f2f3d474bf423540d6b8c5b513403c12b42

Observation f0dbcba8-3b5f-4f1c-b1b9-4312271d3407 · inbound

You Can Learn Tokenization End-to-End with Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

You Can Learn Tokenization End-to-End with Reinforcement Learning Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2024

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T23:25:18.244813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T23:25:18.244813Z digest=sha256:857f453212dcd61056a8ed0d67c65c96dcd5bfa5f924699c7d4f034564acbedf

Observation 669275cf-92ed-4da8-856b-ba2126dd96ba · inbound

Physical Commonsense Reasoning for Lower-Resourced Languages and Dialects: a Study on Basque cites this paper.

Physical Commonsense Reasoning for Lower-Resourced Languages and Dialects: a Study on Basque Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 12

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T21:50:20.627794Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T21:49:07.028487Z digest=sha256:f11474537d2dba7a1eb137010cd4d18f3bf5faaa26d44363b7918512691ffec8

Observation 6c64be8b-24fa-4ec3-95eb-247252d7435d · inbound

Who can we trust? LLM-as-a-jury for Comparative Assessment cites this paper.

Who can we trust? LLM-as-a-jury for Comparative Assessment Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 756

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T22:32:05.602566Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T22:32:05.602566Z digest=sha256:b53f48c53cdfb5a8edf84718d95be387f2ffb1876aa524f4283b104f807fd520

Observation a97e861a-14c0-4473-b589-7eefa82b8040 · inbound

Flow Map Language Models: One-step Language Modeling via Continuous Denoising cites this paper.

Flow Map Language Models: One-step Language Modeling via Continuous Denoising Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 90

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T21:10:19.104227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T21:01:42.916835Z digest=sha256:85cb505bb829017072960cc90171b6dae43b97f85530dd0aee2415eff569c54d

Observation 74274927-ccd8-4db4-a37a-c66f3ca5138a · inbound

Flow Map Language Models: One-step Language Modeling via Continuous Denoising cites this paper.

Flow Map Language Models: One-step Language Modeling via Continuous Denoising Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 90

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-21T12:24:10.531844Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-21T12:23:49.031978Z digest=sha256:ce9ec1b6a2dce8838070081146e95ddb0a5e2904d501a67eec76073331d5fc3e

Observation d70dd911-1d32-456a-b42a-6ff5c6fae70c · inbound

Don't Ignore the Tail: Decoupling top-K Probabilities for Efficient Language Model Distillation cites this paper.

Don't Ignore the Tail: Decoupling top-K Probabilities for Efficient Language Model Distillation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 19

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T20:10:18.013488Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T20:09:47.931263Z digest=sha256:8f4cd0b140072af70683ebefe295eb243aded237b743dbdb016c4897aef0fb47

Observation 1a67be30-ec65-4772-a77e-7cf37899df3e · inbound

Notes-to-Self: Scratchpad Augmented VLAs for Memory Dependent Manipulation Tasks cites this paper.

Notes-to-Self: Scratchpad Augmented VLAs for Memory Dependent Manipulation Tasks Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 36

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T21:12:13.448510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T21:12:13.448510Z digest=sha256:d4aca319b1cf36b9b18085ae581c39bdc05370aee7f63c0b0f30f8d8ccb0ec8b

Observation e6667f46-8dcb-44f5-a541-651b836179cf · inbound

GroupGPT: A Token-efficient and Privacy-preserving Agentic Framework for Multi-User Chat Assistant cites this paper.

GroupGPT: A Token-efficient and Privacy-preserving Agentic Framework for Multi-User Chat Assistant Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 62

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T18:30:14.486076Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T18:27:16.527361Z digest=sha256:9eab8cf2fdda02a7a4d8980baa6a4a5bb3f1245cb213c296e9f0d2a7763ea40d

Observation bf1b2a48-2dfe-4167-954d-c57261edf9d8 · inbound

TildeOpen LLM: Leveraging Curriculum Learning to Achieve Equitable Language Representation cites this paper.

TildeOpen LLM: Leveraging Curriculum Learning to Achieve Equitable Language Representation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 20

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metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T15:00:05.799435Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T14:56:31.218106Z digest=sha256:b988e10b076277988f56c397e739bade2ef58fa6e8cfc65ec4879c28febd5dab

Observation b42f5fa3-743a-4d57-89ad-2e6f542d8226 · inbound

PEEM: Prompt Engineering Evaluation Metrics for Interpretable Joint Evaluation of Prompts and Responses cites this paper.

PEEM: Prompt Engineering Evaluation Metrics for Interpretable Joint Evaluation of Prompts and Responses Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 27

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T14:00:03.045380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-15T13:57:41.428695Z digest=sha256:837d527babbc968260515c188f8b4bf3382ad367430ad4f1c9ee37d6dec42010

Observation e53bc2b4-1f63-49bc-9cbc-97ff19b5c1c4 · inbound

Can Structural Cues Save LLMs? Evaluating Language Models in Massive Document Streams cites this paper.

Can Structural Cues Save LLMs? Evaluating Language Models in Massive Document Streams Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 28

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T21:02:28.102146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T21:02:28.102146Z digest=sha256:46ce871abafc0adeb7c9c38569a0f1977d4b6d0014c7f9897b7ecc9e2995a122

Observation 4170011f-2608-4390-bd99-3929201552e0 · inbound

Do LLMs Know What They Know? Measuring Metacognitive Efficiency with Signal Detection Theory cites this paper.

Do LLMs Know What They Know? Measuring Metacognitive Efficiency with Signal Detection Theory Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 2003

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T17:31:44.929677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T17:31:44.929677Z digest=sha256:a418a0153c372f2f3ad3ac64fc8f29ff8c476f31510f93faabb35ff4480407fd

Observation 0ded0282-75a9-4492-8dca-ccd9403128bb · inbound

Sustainability Is Not Linear: Quantifying Performance, Energy, and Privacy Trade-offs in On-Device Intelligence cites this paper.

Sustainability Is Not Linear: Quantifying Performance, Energy, and Privacy Trade-offs in On-Device Intelligence Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 41

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-21T09:29:56.925309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-21T09:27:34.204972Z digest=sha256:2273062a87a4c54699ab8a04c77705501bc84f197d4016f803d827dec54ad145

Observation 52a93422-e8a3-4742-8c80-25f23678e11c · inbound

WMF-AM: Probing LLM Working Memory via Depth-Parameterized Cumulative State Tracking cites this paper.

WMF-AM: Probing LLM Working Memory via Depth-Parameterized Cumulative State Tracking Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 50

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-14T22:03:03.120123Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-14T22:01:15.475633Z digest=sha256:61af08804e1d8110e244be6f3b0472e03dc77360814872329c7d736eb62555ad

Observation ad21d588-9aef-42a6-8dda-80953d98b610 · inbound

AdaHOP: Fast and Accurate Low-Precision Training via Outlier-Pattern-Aware Rotation cites this paper.

AdaHOP: Fast and Accurate Low-Precision Training via Outlier-Pattern-Aware Rotation Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 33

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-13T20:53:15.720184Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T20:51:39.641700Z digest=sha256:9a9a633f1490a35bdceb40163d0314c39fafe92401fe08ce24f3aa3915fb8c42

Observation 4733245d-7a10-41b9-8d0a-06ab850d682d · inbound

Why Attend to Everything? Focus is the Key cites this paper.

Why Attend to Everything? Focus is the Key Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 12

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verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-05-15T11:59:59.655178Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-03T06:30:56.289259+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-15T11:55:36.701888Z digest=sha256:995fca0e760202a78cb3a361cfb6e905c0091f43cfc323dc1b620424e1732086