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A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models

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arxiv 2408.08632 v2 pith:HLAVBY5A submitted 2024-08-16 cs.CL cs.AIcs.CV

A Survey on Benchmarks of Multimodal Large Language Models

classification cs.CL cs.AIcs.CV
keywords mllmsbenchmarksevaluationgithublanguagelargemodelsmultimodal
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are gaining increasing popularity in both academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in various applications such as visual question answering, visual perception, understanding, and reasoning. Over the past few years, significant efforts have been made to examine MLLMs from multiple perspectives. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 200 benchmarks and evaluations for MLLMs, focusing on (1)perception and understanding, (2)cognition and reasoning, (3)specific domains, (4)key capabilities, and (5)other modalities. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current evaluation methods for MLLMs and explore promising future directions. Our key argument is that evaluation should be regarded as a crucial discipline to support the development of MLLMs better. For more details, please visit our GitHub repository: https://github.com/swordlidev/Evaluation-Multimodal-LLMs-Survey.

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Cited by 15 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. DisasterBench: A Multimodal Benchmark for UAV-Based Disaster Response in Complex Environments

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    DisasterBench is a new multi-stage multimodal reasoning benchmark for UAV disaster response with 14 scenes and 9 tasks; the accompanying 2B DisasterVL model outperforms open-source MLLMs and approaches GPT-4o efficiency.

  2. SaaS-Bench: Can Computer-Use Agents Leverage Real-World SaaS to Solve Professional Workflows?

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    SaaS-Bench provides 106 realistic professional tasks across 23 deployable SaaS platforms to evaluate LLM-based agents, finding that even the strongest models complete fewer than 4% of tasks end-to-end.

  3. ProjLens: Unveiling the Role of Projectors in Multimodal Model Safety

    cs.CR 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    ProjLens shows that backdoor parameters in MLLMs are encoded in low-rank subspaces of the projector and that embeddings shift toward the target direction with magnitude linear in input norm, activating only on poisone...

  4. MARINER: A 3E-Driven Benchmark for Fine-Grained Perception and Complex Reasoning in Open-Water Environments

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MARINER is a new benchmark dataset and evaluation framework for fine-grained perception and causal reasoning in open-water scenes using 16,629 images across 63 vessel categories, diverse environments, and maritime incidents.

  5. AdaMMS: Model Merging for Heterogeneous Multimodal Large Language Models with Unsupervised Coefficient Optimization

    cs.CL 2025-03 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    AdaMMS merges heterogeneous MLLMs via architecture mapping, linear weight interpolation, and unsupervised hyper-parameter search, outperforming prior methods on vision-language benchmarks as the first such approach wi...

  6. PPE-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating MLLM Unlearning under Private-Public Entanglement

    cs.CR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Existing MLLM unlearning methods reduce private-attribute leakage on entangled images but substantially harm co-occurring public figures and landmarks, with private knowledge often re-emerging after public finetuning.

  7. MMGist: A Comprehensive Multimodal Benchmark for 2027

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MMGist filters 23,250 items from 18 benchmarks down to 7,262 using three-stage pipeline, preserving model rankings (Spearman ρ=0.98) while cutting items 69% and raising discrimination 78%.

  8. SaaS-Bench: Can Computer-Use Agents Leverage Real-World SaaS to Solve Professional Workflows?

    cs.AI 2026-05 accept novelty 6.0

    SaaS-Bench benchmark shows LLM-based agents achieve under 4% end-to-end success on 106 realistic professional tasks spanning 23 deployable SaaS platforms.

  9. CC-OCR V2: Benchmarking Large Multimodal Models for Literacy in Real-world Document Processing

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    CC-OCR V2 reveals that state-of-the-art large multimodal models substantially underperform on challenging real-world document processing tasks.

  10. Switch-KD: Visual-Switch Knowledge Distillation for Vision-Language Models

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A 0.5B student VLM distills from a 3B teacher using visual-switch distillation and DBiLD loss to gain 3.6 points on average across 10 multimodal benchmarks without architecture changes.

  11. Explicit Logic Channel for Validation and Enhancement of MLLMs on Zero-Shot Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0

    An Explicit Logic Channel of LLM, VFM and probabilistic inference validates and improves zero-shot MLLMs via Consistency Rate without ground-truth labels.

  12. Re:Verse -- Can Your VLM Read a Manga?

    cs.CV 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Current VLMs excel at individual manga panel interpretation but systematically fail at temporal causality and cross-panel cohesion in long-form narratives.

  13. MorphoQuant: Modality-Aware Quantization for Omni-modal Large Language Models

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    MorphoQuant proposes DABC and MDQFO for 4-bit quantization of omni-modal LLMs, claiming superior performance over SOTA W4A4 methods and even W4A16 baselines on benchmarks like ScienceQA.

  14. Explicit Logic Channel for Validation and Enhancement of MLLMs on Zero-Shot Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Introduces Explicit Logic Channel (ELC) with LLM, VFM and probabilistic inference for validating, selecting and enhancing MLLMs on zero-shot tasks using Consistency Rate and cross-channel integration.

  15. Position: Multimodal Large Language Models Can Significantly Advance Scientific Reasoning

    cs.CL 2025-02 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    Position paper claims multimodal LLMs can significantly advance scientific reasoning and proposes a four-stage roadmap plus challenges and suggestions.