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Diverse Preference Optimization

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arxiv 2501.18101 v4 pith:2U76SUX6 submitted 2025-01-30 cs.CL

Diverse Preference Optimization

classification cs.CL
keywords diversediversitydivpooptimizationpreferenceresponsesqualitywhile
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Post-training of language models, either through reinforcement learning, preference optimization or supervised finetuning, tends to sharpen the output probability distribution and reduce the diversity of generated responses. This is particularly a problem for creative generative tasks where varied responses are desired. In this work we introduce Diverse Preference Optimization (DivPO), an optimization method which learns to generate much more diverse responses than standard pipelines, while maintaining the quality of the generations. In DivPO, preference pairs are selected by first considering a pool of responses, and a measure of diversity among them, and selecting chosen examples as being more rare but high quality, while rejected examples are more common, but low quality. DivPO results in generating 45.6% more diverse persona attributes, and a 74.6% increase in story diversity, while maintaining similar win rates as standard baselines. On general instruction following, DivPO results in a 46.2% increase in diversity, and a 2.4% winrate improvement compared to DPO.

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Forward citations

Cited by 11 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. More Is Not More: What Matters for Diversity in LLM Opinions?

    cs.CL 2026-05 conditional novelty 7.0

    Diversity in LLM opinions comes mostly from the first persona sentence and from combining different interaction architectures, not from richer personas, temperature, or diversity instructions.

  2. Task-Dependent Evaluation of LLM Output Homogenization: A Taxonomy-Guided Framework

    cs.CL 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0

    Proposes a task taxonomy for functional diversity in LLM outputs, validates it via user study, introduces targeted sampling to boost diversity only where needed, and presents evidence that the diversity-quality tradeo...

  3. On-Policy Self-Distillation with Sampled Demonstrations Reduces Output Diversity

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    On-policy self-distillation with sampled demonstrations reduces rollout diversity by amplifying existing probability gaps in the base model, unlike ideal RL which preserves ratios among correct outputs.

  4. Unlocking LLM Creativity in Science through Analogical Reasoning

    cs.AI 2026-05 conditional novelty 6.0

    Analogical reasoning increases LLM solution diversity by 90-173% and novelty rate to over 50%, delivering up to 13-fold gains on biomedical tasks including perturbation prediction and cell communication.

  5. Representation-Based Exploration for Language Models: From Test-Time to Post-Training

    cs.LG 2025-10 conditional novelty 6.0

    Representation-based elliptical bonuses improve inference-time and post-training pass@k for LLM reasoning, but the headline AIME result is tainted by validation/test overlap.

  6. Outcome-based Exploration for LLM Reasoning

    cs.LG 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    Outcome-based exploration bonuses (UCB-Con and Batch) improve pass@1 and pass@32 for LLM math reasoning while slowing diversity collapse, supported by a bandit model with a strong generalization assumption.

  7. Culinary Crossroads: A RAG Framework for Enhancing Diversity in Cross-Cultural Recipe Adaptation

    cs.CL 2025-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    CARRIAGE is a RAG framework that improves output diversity in cross-cultural recipe adaptation by enhancing retrieval and context handling, reaching Pareto efficiency on diversity and quality versus closed-book LLMs.

  8. Data Selection Through Iterative Self-Filtering for Vision-Language Settings

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    An iterative bootstrapped self-filtering approach selects balanced clean and diverse subsets from noisy vision-language datasets to train improved CLIP models.

  9. Polychromic Objectives for Reinforcement Learning

    cs.LG 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Introduces polychromic objectives adapted into PPO via vine sampling and modified advantages, showing higher success rates and better coverage under perturbations on BabyAI, Minigrid, and algorithmic tasks.

  10. Temporal Self-Rewarding Language Models: Decoupling Chosen-Rejected via Past-Future

    cs.CL 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0

    Anchoring rejected responses to the initial model and choosing responses from a future model raises AlpacaEval 2.0 win rate from 19.69 to 29.44 for Llama3.1-8B.

  11. Quality-constrained Entropy Maximization Policy Optimization for LLM Diversity

    cs.CL 2026-02 conditional novelty 4.0

    Quality-constrained entropy maximization yields simple DPO-like objectives that increase LLM output diversity while preserving or slightly improving quality, with theoretical guarantees under tuned temperature conditions.