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Exploring the Effect of Reinforcement Learning on Video Understanding: Insights from SEED-Bench-R1

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arxiv 2503.24376 v1 pith:RQNUFVZD submitted 2025-03-31 cs.CV cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG

Exploring the Effect of Reinforcement Learning on Video Understanding: Insights from SEED-Bench-R1

classification cs.CV cs.AIcs.CLcs.LG
keywords reasoningperceptionseed-bench-r1tasksunderstandingvideobasein-distribution
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Recent advancements in Chain of Thought (COT) generation have significantly improved the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), with reinforcement learning (RL) emerging as an effective post-training approach. Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) inherit this reasoning potential but remain underexplored in tasks requiring both perception and logical reasoning. To address this, we introduce SEED-Bench-R1, a benchmark designed to systematically evaluate post-training methods for MLLMs in video understanding. It includes intricate real-world videos and complex everyday planning tasks in the format of multiple-choice questions, requiring sophisticated perception and reasoning. SEED-Bench-R1 assesses generalization through a three-level hierarchy: in-distribution, cross-environment, and cross-environment-task scenarios, equipped with a large-scale training dataset with easily verifiable ground-truth answers. Using Qwen2-VL-Instruct-7B as a base model, we compare RL with supervised fine-tuning (SFT), demonstrating RL's data efficiency and superior performance on both in-distribution and out-of-distribution tasks, even outperforming SFT on general video understanding benchmarks like LongVideoBench. Our detailed analysis reveals that RL enhances visual perception but often produces less logically coherent reasoning chains. We identify key limitations such as inconsistent reasoning and overlooked visual cues, and suggest future improvements in base model reasoning, reward modeling, and RL robustness against noisy signals.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. CaST-Bench: Benchmarking Causal Chain-Grounded Spatio-Temporal Reasoning for Video Question Answering

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Introduces CaST-Bench, a dataset of 2,066 causal questions on 1,015 videos with annotated causal chains and metrics to evaluate VLMs on spatio-temporal causal reasoning.

  2. CaST-Bench: Benchmarking Causal Chain-Grounded Spatio-Temporal Reasoning for Video Question Answering

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    CaST-Bench creates a benchmark with causal-chain annotations and novel metrics showing that current VLMs struggle to construct precise grounded causal chains in video QA.

  3. Video-Holmes: Can MLLM Think Like Holmes for Complex Video Reasoning?

    cs.CV 2025-05 conditional novelty 7.0

    Video-Holmes benchmark shows top MLLMs achieve at most 45% accuracy on tasks needing integration of multiple clues from suspense films, unlike existing perception-focused tests.

  4. Chain-of-Glimpse: Search-Guided Progressive Object-Grounded Reasoning for Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Chain-of-Glimpse is a reinforcement learning framework that builds progressive, spatially grounded reasoning traces around task-relevant objects in videos to enable more accurate and interpretable multi-step decisions.

  5. MUSEG: Reinforcing Video Temporal Understanding via Timestamp-Aware Multi-Segment Grounding

    cs.CV 2025-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MUSEG applies timestamp-aware multi-segment grounding with a phased-reward RL recipe to boost temporal grounding and time-sensitive video QA performance in MLLMs.

  6. Chain-of-Glimpse: Search-Guided Progressive Object-Grounded Reasoning for Video Understanding

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Chain-of-Glimpse is a reinforcement-learning-based framework that iteratively grounds visual evidence regions to enable multi-step object-aware reasoning in videos.

  7. From System 1 to System 2: A Survey of Reasoning Large Language Models

    cs.AI 2025-02 accept novelty 3.0

    The survey organizes the shift of LLMs toward deliberate System 2 reasoning, covering model construction techniques, performance on math and coding benchmarks, and future research directions.