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Particle Production in Heavy Ion Collisions
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abstract
The status of thermal model descriptions of particle production in heavy ion collisions is presented. We discuss the formulation of statistical models with different implementation of the conservation laws and indicate their applicability in heavy ion and elementary particle collisions. We analyze experimental data on hadronic abundances obtained in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions, in a very broad energy range starting from RHIC/BNL ($\sqrt s=200$ A GeV), SPS/CERN ($\sqrt s\simeq 20$ A GeV) up to AGS/BNL ($\sqrt s\simeq 5$ A GeV) and SIS/GSI ($\sqrt s\simeq 2$ A GeV) to test equilibration of the fireball created in the collision. We argue that the statistical approach provides a very satisfactory description of experimental data covering this wide energy range. Any deviations of the model predictions from the data are indicated. We discuss the unified description of particle chemical freeze--out and the excitation functions of different particle species. At SPS and RHIC energy the relation of freeze--out parameters with the QCD phase boundary is analyzed. Furthermore, the application of the extended statistical model to quantitative understanding of open and hidden charm hadron yields is considered.
Forward citations
Cited by 9 Pith papers
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Unified Functional-Holographic Theory of the QCD Critical End Point
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Hadronization using the Wigner function approach for a multiphase transport model
A Wigner-function-based quark coalescence algorithm in the AMPT model improves the energy dependence of proton directed flow and reproduces baryon-baryon anti-correlations.
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More uses for Thermal Models
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Quadrupole spectra derived from 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb identified-hadron $\bf v_2(p_t)$ data
Derivation of quadrupole pt spectra from v2(pt) data shows the single dominant particle source assumption in A-A collisions is unjustified, indicating a novel QCD process separate from hydrodynamics.
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Scaling functions in the soft-wall AdS/QCD models
Soft-wall AdS/QCD models reproduce mean-field chiral scaling functions and follow a T_c scaling law whose slope, tuned by a modified potential, can approach Dyson-Schwinger results.
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Reconstructability and directed flow of short-lived resonances in Au+Au collisions at 19.6 and 200 GeV
In UrQMD, reconstructability of rho0, K*0, and Lambda(1520) is ordered by resonance lifetime at both 19.6 and 200 GeV, and resonance-stable hadron v1 differences weaken in peripheral collisions.
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An expanding spherical fireball model for light hadron production at RHIC ($\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=7.7$--$39$ GeV)
An expanding spherical fireball model with Cooper–Frye freeze-out describes STAR pT spectra of π±, K±, p, p̄ at √sNN=7.7–39 GeV and predicts Gaussian rapidity distributions.
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Strangeness neutrality and the QCD phase diagram
Strangeness neutrality imposes a constraint linking baryon-strangeness correlations to the QCD equation of state, with their dependence on freeze-out conditions computed in a 2+1 flavor Polyakov-quark-meson model usin...
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Lattice QCD with physical quark masses shows the baryon-electric charge correlation nearly doubles in strong magnetic fields, offering a potential magnetometer for heavy-ion collisions.
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