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Primordial Black Holes Arise When The Inflaton Falls
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Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) have entered the forefront of theoretical cosmology, due their potential role in phenomena ranging from gravitational waves, to dark matter, to galaxy formation. While producing PBHs from inflationary fluctuations naively would seem to require a large deceleration of the inflaton from its velocity at the horizon exit of CMB scales, in this work we demonstrate that an acceleration from a relatively small downward step in the potential that is transited in much less than an e-fold amplifies fluctuations as well. Depending on the location of the step, such PBHs could explain dark matter or the black holes detected by the gravitational wave interferometers. The perturbation enhancement has a natural interpretation as particle production due to the non-adiabatic transition associated with the step.
Forward citations
Cited by 7 Pith papers
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How deep is the dip and how tall are the wiggles in inflationary power spectra?
In single-field PBH inflation models, a power-spectrum dip appears precisely when the inflaton velocity does not flip sign, and the peak amplitude scales as the inverse square of the dip amplitude.
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Spectator Axions in String Inflation and Primordial Black Holes
In Fibre Inflation, spectator axions with f≲0.1 M_Pl leave the PBH power spectrum unchanged, while for f≳0.1 M_Pl and exponentially small non-perturbative prefactors they can raise P_R from 1.9e-4 to 3.5e-3 and enable...
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Light Scalar Fields Foster Production of Primordial Black Holes
A spectator scalar field with minimal coupling can replace ultra-slow-roll with a turn and tachyonic growth mechanism, producing primordial black holes while reducing fine-tuning.
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Reconstructing Primordial Curvature Perturbations via Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves with LISA
LISA can reconstruct the primordial curvature power spectrum from scalar-induced gravitational waves, with percent-level precision near the peak and Bayesian tests separating SIGWs from other sources.
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Scalar-induced gravitational waves from a box-shaped curvature power spectrum
Analytic SIGW spectra for a log-box curvature power spectrum: narrow-box geometric overlap factor turning IR slope k^{3}ln^{2}k into k^{2}ln^{2}k, plus broad-box product of universal edge functions.
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Primordial Black Hole Formation from the Upward Step Model: Avoiding Overproduction
In upward-step inflation, a non-Gaussian cutoff in curvature perturbations sharply suppresses type-I primordial black hole abundance for h above about 5.9, easing PTA overproduction constraints.
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Conservation of superhorizon curvature perturbations at one loop: Backreaction in the in-in formalism and Renormalization
Superhorizon curvature perturbations remain conserved at one-loop order in single-field inflation with a transient non-slow-roll period when backreaction and renormalization are included.
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