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FLAG Review 2021
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We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, $D$-meson, $B$-meson, and nucleon physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the nuclear and particle physics communities. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor $f_+(0)$ arising in the semileptonic $K \to \pi$ transition at zero momentum transfer, as well as the decay constant ratio $f_K/f_\pi$ and its consequences for the CKM matrix elements $V_{us}$ and $V_{ud}$. Furthermore, we describe the results obtained on the lattice for some of the low-energy constants of $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R$ and $SU(3)_L\times SU(3)_R$ Chiral Perturbation Theory. We review the determination of the $B_K$ parameter of neutral kaon mixing as well as the additional four $B$ parameters that arise in theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. For the heavy-quark sector, we provide results for $m_c$ and $m_b$ as well as those for the decay constants, form factors, and mixing parameters of charmed and bottom mesons and baryons. These are the heavy-quark quantities most relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements and the global CKM unitarity-triangle fit. We review the status of lattice determinations of the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$. We consider nucleon matrix elements, and review the determinations of the axial, scalar and tensor bilinears, both isovector and flavor diagonal. Finally, in this review we have added a new section reviewing determinations of scale-setting quantities.
Forward citations
Cited by 22 Pith papers
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The large-$N$ Yang--Mills $\Lambda$-parameter from step scaling
First non-asymptotic-scaling determination of the large-N Yang-Mills Λ-parameter yields √(8t₀)Λ_MS(N=∞) = 0.639(36).
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Why Quarks and Leptons Demand Different Symmetries: A Systematic $Z_3$ Froggatt-Nielsen Analysis
A Z3 Froggatt-Nielsen model with one flavon reproduces quark and charged lepton hierarchies but yields neutrino mass-squared ratios too small by two orders of magnitude and random PMNS angles.
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An EWPD SMEFT likelihood for the LHC -- and how to improve it with measurements of W and Z boson properties
The work supplies a modular SMEFT likelihood for EWPD that includes NLO effects and five input schemes, then combines it with LHC measurements to tighten constraints on lepton-flavor universality and quark coupling as...
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Machine learning unveils the quark mass dependence of the pseudoscalar meson decay constants in three-flavour N$^2$LO ChPT
LASSO regression on LQCD data determines quark-mass dependence of f_π, f_K, f_η in N²LO three-flavor ChPT and supplies LECs for SU(3)-limit baryon mass predictions.
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Effective field theory interpretation of ATLAS measurements involving the Higgs boson, electroweak bosons and the top quark
A simultaneous fit to multiple ATLAS datasets constrains 48 SMEFT Wilson coefficients and matches subsets to 2HDM and heavy-vector models, finding consistency with the Standard Model.
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Nucleon axial-vector form factor and radius from radiatively-corrected antineutrino scattering data
Radiative corrections applied to MINERvA antineutrino data yield updated values for the nucleon axial-vector form factor G_A and axial radius.
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Probing invisible particles with charm
Rare charm hadron decays offer clean null tests of the standard model that can reach branching ratios up to 10^{-3} for dark photons and 10^{-4} for ALPs in unconstrained parameter spaces.
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Revisiting lifetimes of doubly charmed baryons
Updated predictions within the heavy quark expansion confirm the lifetime hierarchy τ(Ξ_cc^+) < τ(Ω_cc^+) < τ(Ξ_cc^++) with τ(Ξ_cc^++) = 0.32 ± 0.05 +0.08/-0.07 ps matching LHCb data and provide ratios for the other states.
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Hadronic and partonic composition of QCD matter across the crossover
A three-parameter hadron–quark crossover equation of state fitted to lattice QCD data yields a switching temperature T₀ ≃ 216 MeV, implying hadronic degrees of freedom persist well above the chiral pseudocritical temperature.
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An introduction to Hammer v2: Helicity Amplitude Module for Matrix Element Reweighting
Hammer v2 updates the helicity amplitude reweighting library with near-linear scaling for high-dimensional tensor operations in BSM and form-factor spaces plus improved Python bindings.
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The QCD phase diagram for three-flavor M\"obius domain-wall fermions
Lattice simulations with Möbius domain-wall fermions find the three-flavor QCD transition at mu_B=0 is a continuous crossover at pseudocritical quark masses of 184(10) MeV (Nt=6), 36-39 MeV (Nt=8), and 3.5-3.7 MeV (Nt...
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Quark Number Susceptibilities and Conserved Charge Fluctuations in $(2+1)$-flavor QCD with M\"obius domain-wall fermions (MDWF)
Lattice simulations with Möbius domain-wall fermions find that conserved charge fluctuations in (2+1)-flavor QCD match hadron resonance gas predictions below the pseudocritical temperature and rise toward free-quark l...
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Hadronic contributions to $\alpha(Q^{2})$ and $\sin^{2}\theta_{W}(Q^{2})$ from spectral reconstruction of lattice-QCD data
Preliminary lattice QCD results compute hadronic contributions to Δα(Q²) and Δsin²θ_W(Q²) via spectral reconstruction on N_f=2+1+1 physical-mass HISQ ensembles to obtain continuum-extrapolated values across the full e...
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Effective field theory interpretation of ATLAS measurements involving the Higgs boson, electroweak bosons and the top quark
Three nonlinear interacting dark energy models with a saturation ('sparseness') scale are constrained against late-time cosmological data, showing mild preference for nonzero sparseness but no decisive improvement over ΛCDM.
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Kinetic Mixing and Axial Charges in the Parity-Doublet Model
Kinetic mixing terms are introduced in the parity-doublet model to reproduce the empirical axial charge g_A ≈ 1.28 of the nucleon along with masses of the nucleon and N*(1535).
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$\Lambda_b\to\Lambda^{(*)}\nu{\bar\nu}$ and $b\to s$ $B$ decays
Predictions for Br(Λ_b → Λ^{(*)} ν ν̄) are 2.07 times the SM value with new physics scale constrained to 2.04–11.76 TeV at 1σ, plus a sum rule linking baryonic and mesonic modes.
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Topological susceptibility and excess kurtosis in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory
High-precision lattice computation yields χ_top^{1/4} = 198.1(0.7)(2.7) MeV for SU(3) Yang-Mills after continuum and infinite-volume extrapolation from seven spacings and volumes.
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Hybrid calculation of hadronic vacuum polarization in muon g-2 to 0.48\%
Lattice QCD on finer grids yields a_μ^LO-HVP = 715.1(3.4)×10^{-10}, producing a standard-model prediction for a_μ that differs from experiment by only 0.5 sigma.
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Hunting New Animalcula with Flavour Changing Processes
Review advocating correlations among flavour observables as direct tests for specific new physics models beyond global fits to Wilson coefficients.
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Hadronic parity violation: successes, challenges, and future prospects
A review of hadronic parity violation covers observed effects, theoretical and experimental progress, and prospects for extending few-nucleon precision studies to nuclei and new physics searches.
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Averages of $b$-hadron, $c$-hadron, and $\tau$-lepton properties as of 2023
The Heavy Flavour Averaging Group reports updated world averages for b-hadron, c-hadron, and tau-lepton properties including branching fractions, lifetimes, mixing, CP violation, and CKM elements.
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FLAG Review 2024
The FLAG 2024 review provides updated averages of lattice QCD determinations for quark masses, decay constants, form factors, mixing parameters, and nucleon matrix elements.
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