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EdgeMoE: Empowering Sparse Large Language Models on Mobile Devices
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EdgeMoE: Empowering Sparse Large Language Models on Mobile Devices
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Large language models (LLMs) such as GPTs and Mixtral-8x7B have revolutionized machine intelligence due to their exceptional abilities in generic ML tasks. Transiting LLMs from datacenters to edge devices brings benefits like better privacy and availability, but is challenged by their massive parameter size and thus unbearable runtime costs. To this end, we present EdgeMoE, an on-device inference engine for mixture-of-expert (MoE) LLMs -- a popular form of sparse LLM that scales its parameter size with almost constant computing complexity. EdgeMoE achieves both memory- and compute-efficiency by partitioning the model into the storage hierarchy: non-expert weights are held in device memory; while expert weights are held on external storage and fetched to memory only when activated. This design is motivated by a key observation that expert weights are bulky but infrequently used due to sparse activation. To further reduce the expert I/O swapping overhead, EdgeMoE incorporates two novel techniques: (1) expert-wise bitwidth adaptation that reduces the expert sizes with tolerable accuracy loss; (2) expert preloading that predicts the activated experts ahead of time and preloads it with the compute-I/O pipeline. On popular MoE LLMs and edge devices, EdgeMoE showcase significant memory savings and speedup over competitive baselines. The code is available at https://github.com/UbiquitousLearning/mllm.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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DuoServe-MoE: Dual-Phase Expert Prefetch and Caching for LLM Inference QoS Assurance
DuoServe-MoE decouples prefill and decode phases in MoE LLM inference with a two-stream CUDA pipeline for prefill and an offline-trained predictor for decode, reporting up to 5.34x TTFT and 7.55x end-to-end latency gains.
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DraftExpert: Expansion-Aware Self-Speculative Decoding for End-Device MoE Inference
Fixed-footprint shared+top-1+draft-expert self-speculation with residual/router distillation, expansion-aware truncation, and prefetch raises end-device MoE decode throughput ~1.45× while keeping exact target outputs.
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AirMoE: Statistic-Augmented Over-the-Air MoE for Collaborative Intelligence
AirMoE routes clients via compact prototype statistics and aggregates expert outputs over the air by transmitting them simultaneously, claiming communication savings and better segmentation accuracy.
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NASiC: 3D NAND-based CAM-Selected Multibit CIM Architecture for Efficient On-Device Mixture-of-Experts LLM Inference
NASiC fuses CAM-based expert selection and multibit CIM computation in 3D NAND into one cycle for MoE LLM inference, claiming 4-114.8x performance and 3.9-70x energy efficiency gains over prior designs with high accuracy.
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Accelerating Edge Inference for Distributed MoE Models with Latency-Optimized Expert Placement
Prism optimizes expert placement and uses runtime migration for distributed MoE inference on heterogeneous edge GPUs, achieving up to 30.6% lower latency than baselines.
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