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Neutrinos and nucleosynthesis of elements
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Neutrinos and nucleosynthesis of elements
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Neutrinos are known to play important roles in many astrophysical scenarios from the early period of the big bang to current stellar evolution being a unique messenger of the fusion reactions occurring in the center of our sun. In particular, neutrinos are crucial in determining the dynamics and the composition evolution in explosive events such as core-collapse supernovae and the merger of two neutron stars. In this paper, we review the current understanding of supernovae and binary neutron star mergers by focusing on the role of neutrinos therein. Several recent improvements on the theoretical modeling of neutrino interaction rates in nuclear matter as well as their impact on the heavy element nucleosynthesis in the supernova neutrino-driven wind are discussed, including the neutrino-nucleon opacity at the mean field level taking into account the relativistic kinematics of nucleons, the effect due to the nucleon-nucleon correlation, and the nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung. We also review the framework used to compute the neutrino-nucleus interactions and the up-to-date yield prediction for isotopes from neutrino nucleosynthesis occurring in the outer envelope of the supernova progenitor star during the explosion. Here improved predictions of energy spectra of supernova neutrinos of all flavors have had significant impact on the nucleosynthesis yields. Rapid progresses in modeling the flavor oscillations of neutrinos in these environments, including several novel mechanisms for collective neutrino oscillations and their potential impacts on various nucleosynthesis processes are summarized.
Forward citations
Cited by 8 Pith papers
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Nearby neutrino flavor conversion in a supernova can boost νp-process yields of p-nuclides like 92Mo and 92Nb by up to two orders of magnitude, matching solar abundances when conversion starts within ~10 km of the pro...
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$\Lambda$ hyperons in core-collapse supernovae: Equilibration and neutrino opacities
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Collective neutrino oscillations: Many-body non-forward effects and non-classicality
In a neutrino-gas model, the many-body Hamiltonian yields different evolution timescales and asymptotics than the quantum kinetic approach with collisions, while quantum resources for the full case sit at the low end ...
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Neutrino helicity oscillations in astrophysical environments: a many-body approach
Many-body neutrino calculations in simple momentum-state configurations yield helicity conversion probabilities orders of magnitude above mean-field results due to momentum exchange.
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Flavor Conversion Enhances or Suppresses Supernova Explodability Independent of the Progenitor Mass
Neutrino flavor conversion in supernova cores can enhance or suppress explodability depending on the conversion location, independent of progenitor mass.
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Charged-current neutrino opacity within the relativistic Hartree-Fock framework for astrophysical simulations of core-collapse supernovae and binary neutron star mergers
Relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations of charged-current neutrino opacities reveal large discrepancies and a substantial shift in medium-dependent modifications compared to standard relativistic mean-field models.
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Benchmarking projected generator coordinate method for nuclear Gamow-Teller transitions
A minimal extension of the quantum-number projected generator coordinate method is benchmarked against exact solutions for Gamow-Teller transitions in Ca and Ti isotopes and the 2νββ decay of 48Ca.
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