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Probing Reheating with Graviton Bremsstrahlung

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arxiv 2311.12694 v2 pith:E6XWWSG6 submitted 2023-11-21 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

Probing Reheating with Graviton Bremsstrahlung

classification hep-ph astro-ph.CO
keywords reheatingdecayannihilationcasedifferentinflatonpotentialspectrum
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We investigate the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) spectrum resulting from graviton bremsstrahlung during inflationary reheating. We focus on an inflaton $\phi$ oscillating around a generic monomial potential $V(\phi) \propto \phi^n$, considering two different reheating scenarios: $i)$ inflaton decay and $ii)$ inflaton annihilation. We show that in the case of a quadratic potential, the scattering of the inflatons can give rise to larger GW amplitude than the decay channel. On the other hand, the GW spectrum exhibits distinct features and redshifts in each scenario, which makes it possible to distinguish them in the event of a discovery. Specifically, in the case of annihilation, the GW frequency can be shifted to values higher than those of decay, whereas the GW amplitude generated by annihilation turns out to be smaller than that in the decay case for $n \geq 4$, due to the different scaling of radiation during reheating. We also show that the differences in the GW spectrum become more prominent with increasing $n$. Finally, we highlight the potential of future high-frequency GW detectors to distinguish between the different reheating scenarios.

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