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Threshold for primordial black holes: Dependence on the shape of the cosmological perturbations
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Primordial black holes may have formed in the radiative era of the early Universe from the collapse of large enough amplitude perturbations of the metric. These correspond to non linear energy density perturbations characterized by an amplitude larger than a certain threshold, measured when the perturbations reenter the cosmological horizon. The process of primordial black hole formation is studied here within spherical symmetry, using the gradient expansion approximation in the long wavelength limit, where the pressure gradients are small, and the initial perturbations are functions only of a time-independent curvature profile. In this regime it is possible to understand how the threshold for primordial black hole formation depends on the shape of the initial energy density profile, clarifying the relation between local and averaged measures of the perturbation amplitude. Although there is no universal threshold for primordial black hole formation, the averaged mass excess of the perturbation depends on the amplitude of the energy density peak, and it is possible to formulate a well-defined criterion to establish when a cosmological perturbation is able to form a black hole in terms of one of these two key quantities. This gives understanding of how the abundance of primordial black holes depends on the shape of the the inflationary power spectrum of cosmological perturbations.
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Cited by 25 Pith papers
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Unexpected shape of the primordial black hole mass function
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Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls
Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.
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Vacuum bubbles from cosmic ripples
Over-densities in the early universe reduce the Euclidean action for vacuum decay, making false-vacuum bubbles nucleate earlier; under-densities do the opposite.
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Complementary Probes of Warped Extra Dimension: Colliders, Gravitational Waves and Primordial Black Holes from Phase Transitions
In Randall-Sundrum warped extra dimension models, the supercooled radion phase transition can form primordial black holes that account for all of dark matter for IR scales 10 TeV to 10^4 TeV, with correlated gravitati...
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Bayesian analysis of IPTA DR2 shows scalar-induced gravitational waves dominate and PBH merger backgrounds are strongly disfavored relative to an astrophysical SMBHB explanation.
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Primordial Black Holes (as Dark Matter) from the Supercooled Phase Transitions with Radiative Symmetry Breaking
Supercooled radiative symmetry breaking phase transitions generically produce primordial black holes, and the false-vacuum decay rate grows exponentially with time to high accuracy.
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A subset of hybrid alpha-attractor inflation models passes all large- and small-scale constraints and predicts scalar-induced gravitational waves detectable by LISA.
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In a barrier single-field inflation model, primordial black holes form preferentially from false-vacuum bubbles once f_NL exceeds about 3.5, and shape dispersion has little effect on the compaction threshold.
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Scalar-induced gravitational waves from a box-shaped curvature power spectrum
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Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability: Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves
Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability allows narrow curvature spectra to exponentially suppress primordial black hole overproduction via correlation coefficient ρ approaching -1 while retaining s...
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Primordial black hole dark matter from ultra-slow-roll inflation in Horndeski gravity
A kinetic cubic Horndeski coupling creates an ultra-slow-roll phase that amplifies curvature perturbations enough to produce asteroid-mass primordial black holes, potentially 90% of dark matter.
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Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
A Bayesian analysis shows that a future sub-solar PBH detection would make the primordial SIGW interpretation of PTA data favored over the SMBH interpretation, but this preference is driven by the detection prior.
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Non-Standard Thermal History and Formation of Primordial Black Holes in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
A tuned Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet inflation model can create primordial black holes from asteroid-sized to tens of solar masses and secondary gravitational waves, with abundances that change dramatically in a stiff post-i...
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In upward-step inflation, a non-Gaussian cutoff in curvature perturbations sharply suppresses type-I primordial black hole abundance for h above about 5.9, easing PTA overproduction constraints.
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Primordial Black Hole Formation in $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2$ Gravity: Perturbative and Non-Perturbative Analysis
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Tensor induced gravitational waves
Second-order tensor-induced gravitational waves can shift the inferred parameters of small-scale primordial gravitational wave models fitted to NANOGrav 15-year data, with one model favored by Bayes factors.
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Cosmological constraints on small-scale primordial non-Gaussianity
Current pulsar-timing, CMB, BAO and PBH data constrain the small-scale local f_NL to -10.0 < f_NL < 1.2 for a monochromatic primordial power spectrum, with that constraint conditional on the spectral amplitude A_zeta = 10^-2.
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Searching for Dark Matter with MeVCube
Using Fisher forecasting, the author shows that a 2U to 12U MeVCube CubeSat could probe new dark matter parameter space for evaporating primordial black holes and MeV-scale decaying or annihilating dark matter.
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