Pith. sign in

REVIEW 21 cited by

Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Control

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2307.10088 v2 pith:JCMQVKHD submitted 2023-07-19 cs.LG cs.CLcs.HC

Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Control

classification cs.LG cs.CLcs.HC
keywords datasetandroiddeviceactionsdevice-controlinstructionslanguagewild
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
0 comments
read the original abstract

There is a growing interest in device-control systems that can interpret human natural language instructions and execute them on a digital device by directly controlling its user interface. We present a dataset for device-control research, Android in the Wild (AITW), which is orders of magnitude larger than current datasets. The dataset contains human demonstrations of device interactions, including the screens and actions, and corresponding natural language instructions. It consists of 715k episodes spanning 30k unique instructions, four versions of Android (v10-13),and eight device types (Pixel 2 XL to Pixel 6) with varying screen resolutions. It contains multi-step tasks that require semantic understanding of language and visual context. This dataset poses a new challenge: actions available through the user interface must be inferred from their visual appearance. And, instead of simple UI element-based actions, the action space consists of precise gestures (e.g., horizontal scrolls to operate carousel widgets). We organize our dataset to encourage robustness analysis of device-control systems, i.e., how well a system performs in the presence of new task descriptions, new applications, or new platform versions. We develop two agents and report performance across the dataset. The dataset is available at https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/android_in_the_wild.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 21 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environments

    cs.AI 2024-04 accept novelty 8.0

    OSWorld provides the first unified real-computer benchmark for open-ended multimodal agent tasks, exposing large performance gaps between humans and state-of-the-art LLM/VLM agents.

  2. OSWorld 2.0: Benchmarking Computer Use Agents on Long-Horizon Real-World Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-06 accept novelty 7.0

    On 108 long-horizon real-world computer workflows, frontier agents complete at most 20.6% of tasks and fail mainly by losing hidden state, not by basic GUI control.

  3. ScaleWoB: Guiding GUI Agents with Coding Agents via Large-Scale Environmental Synthesis

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    ScaleWoB generates 100+ synthetic interactive GUI environments and 1000+ verifiable tasks as web pages, releasing a 120-task mobile benchmark where state-of-the-art agents achieve 27.92% success (17.82% on long-horizo...

  4. MMSkills: Towards Multimodal Skills for General Visual Agents

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MMSkills creates compact multimodal skill packages from trajectories and uses a branch-loaded agent to improve visual decision-making on GUI and game benchmarks.

  5. MMSkills: Towards Multimodal Skills for General Visual Agents

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    MMSkills packages multimodal procedural knowledge into state-conditioned skills with text, state cards, and multi-view keyframes, generated from public trajectories via an agentic process and used at inference via bra...

  6. Skill-CMIB: Multimodal Agent Skill for Consistent Action via Conditional Multimodal Information Bottleneck

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    CMIB uses a conditional multimodal information bottleneck to create reusable agent skills that separate verbalizable text content from predictive perceptual residuals, improving execution stability.

  7. Beyond Screenshots: Evaluating VLMs' Understanding of UI Animations

    cs.HC 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    VLMs detect primitive motion in UI animations reliably but show inconsistent high-level interpretation of purposes and meanings, with large gaps relative to human performance.

  8. AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents

    cs.AI 2024-05 accept novelty 7.0

    AndroidWorld is a dynamic, reproducible Android benchmark that generates unlimited natural-language tasks for autonomous agents and shows current agents succeed on only 30.6 percent of them.

  9. OSWorld 2.0: Benchmarking Computer Use Agents on Long-Horizon Real-World Tasks

    cs.AI 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    OSWorld 2.0 is a benchmark of 108 realistic long-horizon computer-use tasks where current agents achieve only 20.6% binary completion, struggling with state inference and constraint tracking.

  10. PhoneBuddy: Training Open Models for Agentic Phone Use

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    PhoneBuddy combines real-app and mock-app RL after shared SFT, raising real-phone task success from 36.67% to 45.33% and AndroidWorld from 60.3% to 83.2%.

  11. MobileExplorer: Accelerating On-Device Inference for Mobile GUI Agents via Online Exploration

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MobileExplorer reduces on-device GUI agent reasoning steps and latency by 23% via parallel UI exploration, structured memory, and a two-level rollback while maintaining or improving task success rates.

  12. MMSkills: Towards Multimodal Skills for General Visual Agents

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MMSkills turns public interaction trajectories into compact multimodal skill packages that visual agents can consult at runtime to improve decision-making on benchmarks.

  13. VLAA-GUI: Knowing When to Stop, Recover, and Search, A Modular Framework for GUI Automation

    cs.CL 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0

    VLAA-GUI adds mandatory visual verifiers, multi-tier loop breakers, and on-demand search to GUI agents, reaching 77.5% on OSWorld and 61.0% on WindowsAgentArena with some models exceeding human performance.

  14. Mobile GUI Agents under Real-world Threats: Are We There Yet?

    cs.CR 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Introduces an app-content instrumentation framework and benchmark showing that examined GUI agents suffer 42.0% and 36.1% average misleading rates from third-party content in dynamic and static tests respectively.

  15. SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agents

    cs.HC 2024-01 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    SeeClick improves visual GUI agents via GUI grounding pre-training on automatically curated data and introduces the ScreenSpot benchmark, with results indicating that stronger grounding boosts downstream task performance.

  16. Agentic Environment Engineering for Large Language Models: A Survey of Environment Modeling, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Application

    cs.CL 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    This survey categorizes agentic environments for LLMs by eight attributes and domains, introduces symbolic and neural synthesis paradigms with evaluation, and outlines four agent evolution pathways plus three environm...

  17. SE-GA: Memory-Augmented Self-Evolution for GUI Agents

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    SE-GA combines Test-Time Memory Extension for dynamic context retrieval with Memory-Augmented Self-Evolution training to reach 89.0% on ScreenSpot and 75.8% on AndroidControl-High.

  18. A Comprehensive Survey of Agents for Computer Use: Foundations, Challenges, and Future Directions

    cs.AI 2025-01 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    A survey of 87 agents for computer use and 33 datasets that introduces a three-dimensional taxonomy across domain, interaction, and agent perspectives and identifies six research gaps.

  19. CLI-Anything: Towards Agent-Native Computer Use

    cs.HC 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    CLI-Anything advocates transforming applications into CLI-based protocols for agent-native interaction and introduces the CLI-Hub platform to support this shift away from GUI agents.

  20. X-OmniClaw Technical Report: A Unified Mobile Agent for Multimodal Understanding and Interaction

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    X-OmniClaw presents a unified architecture for Android mobile agents using Omni Perception, Memory, and Action modules to enable efficient multimodal task handling and personalized interactions.

  21. X-OmniClaw Technical Report: A Unified Mobile Agent for Multimodal Understanding and Interaction

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    Describes X-OmniClaw, a multimodal mobile agent architecture using Omni Perception, Memory, and Action modules with behavior cloning for Android task execution.