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Can we be tricked into thinking that w is less than -1?

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arxiv astro-ph/0408081 v2 pith:LCVHMT25 submitted 2004-08-04 astro-ph gr-qchep-phhep-th

Can we be tricked into thinking that w is less than -1?

classification astro-ph gr-qchep-phhep-th
keywords energymodelsdarklessadditionalbehaviorbrans-dickecandidates
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Dark energy candidates for which the equation-of-state parameter w is less than -1 violate the dominant energy condition, and are typically unstable. In scalar-tensor theories of gravity, however, the expansion of the universe can mimic the behavior of general relativity with w<-1 dark energy, without violating any energy conditions. We examine whether this possibility is phenomenologically viable by studying Brans-Dicke models and characterizing both the naturalness of the models themselves, and additional observational constraints from limits on the time-dependence of Newton's constant. We find that only highly contrived models would lead observers to measure w<-1.

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