Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 42 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2303.17548.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2303.17548 v1

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 42 of 42 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 42 of 42 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T10:32:23.195054Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

97
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 41694405-2dd8-47e8-ba1a-7c42b81e8e95 · inbound

AI-Augmented Surveys: Leveraging Large Language Models and Surveys for Opinion Prediction cites this paper.

AI-Augmented Surveys: Leveraging Large Language Models and Surveys for Opinion Prediction Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 87

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-24T08:49:13.971759Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 3bb0eabc-16d5-4814-8a1c-55251716325a · inbound

A Roadmap to Pluralistic Alignment cites this paper.

A Roadmap to Pluralistic Alignment Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 205

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T14:37:53.503439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 7a0d342d-0217-4e9e-9fe2-d5343d27f3bb · inbound

Separating Tongue from Thought: Activation Patching Reveals Language-Agnostic Concept Representations in Transformers cites this paper.

Separating Tongue from Thought: Activation Patching Reveals Language-Agnostic Concept Representations in Transformers Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T21:29:17.094332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 94313167-4866-4665-9c11-f23581887a9e · inbound

A Multi-Agent Dual Dialogue System to Support Mental Health Care Providers cites this paper.

A Multi-Agent Dual Dialogue System to Support Mental Health Care Providers Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T11:17:04.747892Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 637a8549-2cca-4f87-98da-c551555897cb · inbound

Generative AI regulation can learn from social media regulation cites this paper.

Generative AI regulation can learn from social media regulation Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T15:04:59.624856Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8dd029ff-d460-4ea2-873a-6f0bcaac5c7a · inbound

Personalized Preference Fine-tuning of Diffusion Models cites this paper.

Personalized Preference Fine-tuning of Diffusion Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:01:56.875126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f820088f-a964-4ad8-bb8c-52d01e5285d7 · inbound

A Survey on LLM Test-Time Compute via Search: Tasks, LLM Profiling, Search Algorithms, and Relevant Frameworks cites this paper.

A Survey on LLM Test-Time Compute via Search: Tasks, LLM Profiling, Search Algorithms, and Relevant Frameworks Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T19:27:23.419341Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c5dd20c8-da97-4dd9-9fda-d37e5a6a784f · inbound

Normative Evaluation of Large Language Models with Everyday Moral Dilemmas cites this paper.

Normative Evaluation of Large Language Models with Everyday Moral Dilemmas Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T00:49:57.073262Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bf016dbe-7264-4835-98f9-511b842736fb · inbound

Task-driven Layerwise Additive Activation Intervention cites this paper.

Task-driven Layerwise Additive Activation Intervention Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T16:46:58.485087Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6c0208d2-dce4-4223-8d9b-8b062fee3328 · inbound

Language Agents as Digital Representatives in Collective Decision-Making cites this paper.

Language Agents as Digital Representatives in Collective Decision-Making Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T21:50:02.983995Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation db6e3a00-2d70-4cc6-b156-62aecd8c116c · inbound

Improving Language Model Personas via Rationalization with Psychological Scaffolds cites this paper.

Improving Language Model Personas via Rationalization with Psychological Scaffolds Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T10:32:23.195054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3abe2516-0b18-487e-96fe-0ee2b5372429 · inbound

Twin-2K-500: A dataset for building digital twins of over 2,000 people based on their answers to over 500 questions cites this paper.

Twin-2K-500: A dataset for building digital twins of over 2,000 people based on their answers to over 500 questions Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:49:14.204156Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bec288b0-ee52-422c-ab3b-04bf92a2e887 · inbound

Recalibrating the Compass: Integrating Large Language Models into Classical Research Methods cites this paper.

Recalibrating the Compass: Integrating Large Language Models into Classical Research Methods Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:17:37.527442Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3f027e81-5a0f-4b36-8ad7-a09fece87a93 · inbound

SynthesizeMe! Inducing Persona-Guided Prompts for Personalized Reward Models in LLMs cites this paper.

SynthesizeMe! Inducing Persona-Guided Prompts for Personalized Reward Models in LLMs Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:19:35.466430Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 079191d5-e633-46f3-8ebf-00d98b2042d3 · inbound

Revisiting LLM Value Probing Strategies: Are They Robust and Expressive? cites this paper.

Revisiting LLM Value Probing Strategies: Are They Robust and Expressive? Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T16:28:28.400353Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a62397ac-0309-498e-b400-4c80d70a68ec · inbound

Analysis of Threat-Based Manipulation in Large Language Models: A Dual Perspective on Vulnerabilities and Performance Enhancement Opportunities cites this paper.

Analysis of Threat-Based Manipulation in Large Language Models: A Dual Perspective on Vulnerabilities and Performance Enhancement Opportunities Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T15:10:57.624128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a9901895-91c6-4ecc-8ee2-58da1dd47637 · inbound

Position: Stop Evaluating AI with Human Tests, Develop Principled, AI-specific Tests instead cites this paper.

Position: Stop Evaluating AI with Human Tests, Develop Principled, AI-specific Tests instead Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 68

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-19T02:12:55.692889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation c7ab46a4-5d2b-4b98-b4af-88aebbf4a580 · inbound

The LLM Has Left The Chat: Evidence of Bail Preferences in Large Language Models cites this paper.

The LLM Has Left The Chat: Evidence of Bail Preferences in Large Language Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T16:32:48.071141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7642c75f-f6cd-46bb-af0a-42e2bdd4bbcb · inbound

Interaction Protocol Shapes Moral Judgment in Multi-Agent Debate cites this paper.

Interaction Protocol Shapes Moral Judgment in Multi-Agent Debate Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T10:25:54.493112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3356ac9d-e564-4ab5-9ef4-201e67079726 · inbound

Value-Action Alignment in Large Language Models under Privacy-Prosocial Conflict cites this paper.

Value-Action Alignment in Large Language Models under Privacy-Prosocial Conflict Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T12:19:18.561042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cf053998-d0d8-4909-ab34-28683f799a8c · inbound

Belief-Sim: Towards Belief-Driven Simulation of Demographic Misinformation Susceptibility cites this paper.

Belief-Sim: Towards Belief-Driven Simulation of Demographic Misinformation Susceptibility Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T19:06:34.243099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 09e537ef-a10c-4430-ad0c-0023daeb180e · inbound

Large Language Models Exhibit Normative Conformity cites this paper.

Large Language Models Exhibit Normative Conformity Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T12:51:05.630182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation b6f693a8-f986-4b12-8789-5b084b53cf44 · inbound

The Granularity Axis: A Micro-to-Macro Latent Direction for Social Roles in Language Models cites this paper.

The Granularity Axis: A Micro-to-Macro Latent Direction for Social Roles in Language Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 19

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T20:11:08.815124Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 2369101d-dfbb-4f6b-a476-977fa22cc293 · inbound

LLMs are not (consistently) Bayesian: Quantifying internal (in)consistencies of LLMs' probabilistic beliefs cites this paper.

LLMs are not (consistently) Bayesian: Quantifying internal (in)consistencies of LLMs' probabilistic beliefs Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T05:00:57.052109Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation b97ecb3c-f75b-48a8-bf90-a21bce9f8441 · inbound

LLMs are not (consistently) Bayesian: Quantifying internal (in)consistencies of LLMs' probabilistic beliefs cites this paper.

LLMs are not (consistently) Bayesian: Quantifying internal (in)consistencies of LLMs' probabilistic beliefs Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 10

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T13:35:46.432198Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 12553557-1020-468b-934d-4ef5313d8027 · inbound

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing cites this paper.

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 171

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T05:59:47.879798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation ecba9a69-88c0-4506-a402-953f4b06774c · inbound

Training-Free Cultural Alignment of Large Language Models via Persona Disagreement cites this paper.

Training-Free Cultural Alignment of Large Language Models via Persona Disagreement Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 44

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T06:36:25.387674Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 5752b952-dd5d-4dd7-b8f2-9ebad438023b · inbound

Training-Free Cultural Alignment of Large Language Models via Persona Disagreement cites this paper.

Training-Free Cultural Alignment of Large Language Models via Persona Disagreement Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 32

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T22:23:48.481887Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 10884b19-6bc8-40a8-98de-c8e7d882807c · inbound

TokenRatio: Principled Token-Level Preference Optimization via Ratio Matching cites this paper.

TokenRatio: Principled Token-Level Preference Optimization via Ratio Matching Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 116

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T04:57:17.240266Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 888b70a3-f157-481f-a33d-98948c2f6bea · inbound

TokenRatio: Principled Token-Level Preference Optimization via Ratio Matching cites this paper.

TokenRatio: Principled Token-Level Preference Optimization via Ratio Matching Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 116

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T05:45:06.438503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 480b9a33-c3bb-44b3-8416-c65f6cb02db6 · inbound

Probing Persona-Dependent Preferences in Language Models cites this paper.

Probing Persona-Dependent Preferences in Language Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 29

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T21:49:05.170384Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 5f0b29d7-7b45-4701-acfa-e36b400fdbc1 · inbound

Narrative Sharpens Gender Gaps: Surveying Film Characters with LLM Agents cites this paper.

Narrative Sharpens Gender Gaps: Surveying Film Characters with LLM Agents Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T04:51:05.838495Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation e2636489-93cd-489d-9be1-8a471c982b76 · inbound

Emergent Collaborative Deliberation in Multi-Model AI Systems: A BFT-Derived Protocol for Epistemic Synthesis cites this paper.

Emergent Collaborative Deliberation in Multi-Model AI Systems: A BFT-Derived Protocol for Epistemic Synthesis Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T17:56:39.720418Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 23395dc4-686e-4692-84c7-ae4beb8e980e · inbound

Personal Salience: Highlighting Is Social, but Individuality Lives in Selection cites this paper.

Personal Salience: Highlighting Is Social, but Individuality Lives in Selection Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T03:37:35.848199Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 0e2ae305-93b7-4906-840f-bfb76bff2f2a · inbound

In-Context Learning for the Imputation of Public Opinion Data with Large Language Models cites this paper.

In-Context Learning for the Imputation of Public Opinion Data with Large Language Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-27T16:31:02.033558Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation c86620a6-c9be-476e-afa8-0fbe318d8e28 · inbound

Two Wrongs, No Right: Auditing Social-Desirability Bias in LLM Annotators for Computational Social Science cites this paper.

Two Wrongs, No Right: Auditing Social-Desirability Bias in LLM Annotators for Computational Social Science Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 12

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T13:55:46.435773Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 1646e3aa-b8cb-48ab-96fc-9e5adfdda65c · inbound

Assert, don't describe: Linguistic features that shift LLM reasoning about animal welfare cites this paper.

Assert, don't describe: Linguistic features that shift LLM reasoning about animal welfare Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 17

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T08:05:31.125189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 7740e35c-0f7a-444a-883b-72dcf6c293f3 · inbound

A Scalable Approach to Evaluating Moral Sensitivity in LLMs cites this paper.

A Scalable Approach to Evaluating Moral Sensitivity in LLMs Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 152

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-12T05:44:33.099337Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 04740a66-b7bd-4838-ba7a-8088b8704d70 · inbound

The One-Word Census: Answer-Choice Conformity Across 44 Language Models cites this paper.

The One-Word Census: Answer-Choice Conformity Across 44 Language Models Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T06:23:48.159801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ba39488-7509-402c-9fe1-2cbadc4ef1fa · inbound

Training with (Swap) Regret Loss in a Single-Layer Self-Attention Model: A Case Study on the Probability Simplex cites this paper.

Training with (Swap) Regret Loss in a Single-Layer Self-Attention Model: A Case Study on the Probability Simplex Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 248

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T23:52:12.446024Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 92553389-a679-450d-84c1-c57087215f84 · inbound

OptimismBench: Forecasting Bias and the Alignment Effect in Language Model Judgment cites this paper.

OptimismBench: Forecasting Bias and the Alignment Effect in Language Model Judgment Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T15:06:26.256009Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bbcbab61-9484-4d5d-8c8d-6199c8973cd1 · inbound

ThinkRetrieve: Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning Traces for Test-Time Scaling cites this paper.

ThinkRetrieve: Retrieval-Augmented Reasoning Traces for Test-Time Scaling Whose Opinions Do Language Models Reflect?

Reference 219

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T14:10:45.989761Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.