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A mathematical perspective on Transformers

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arxiv 2312.10794 v5 pith:SDLP3RGP submitted 2023-12-17 cs.LG math.APmath.DS

A mathematical perspective on Transformers

classification cs.LG math.APmath.DS
keywords transformersmathematicalanalyzingcentralclusterscomputerdevelopemerge
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Transformers play a central role in the inner workings of large language models. We develop a mathematical framework for analyzing Transformers based on their interpretation as interacting particle systems, which reveals that clusters emerge in long time. Our study explores the underlying theory and offers new perspectives for mathematicians as well as computer scientists.

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