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Probing MeV to 90 GeV axion-like particles with LEP and LHC
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abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs), relatively light (pseudo-)scalars coupled to two gauge bosons, are a common feature of many extensions of the Standard Model. Up to now there has been a gap in the sensitivity to such particles in the MeV to 10 GeV range. In this note we show that LEP data on $Z\to\gamma\gamma$ decays provides significant constraints in this range (and indeed up to the $Z$-mass). We also discuss the sensitivities of LHC and future colliders. Particularly the LHC shows promising sensitivity in searching for a pseudo-scalar with $4 \lesssim m_a \lesssim 60$ GeV in the channel $pp \to 3 \gamma$ with $m_{3\gamma}\approx m_{Z}$.
Forward citations
Cited by 29 Pith papers
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How to Identify a Majoron: Effective Field Theories of Spontaneous Lepton Number Breaking
Seesaw Majoron models imply parameter-free correlations among Higgs, muon decay, and neutrino observables that can identify the neutrino mass mechanism.
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Long-lived Axion-Like Particles from Tau Decays
Leptophilic long-lived ALPs produced in tau decays are shown to yield new CHARM/BEBC constraints and improved future sensitivity, particularly at SHiP, extending reach to fa up to 10^8-10^9 GeV in LFV scenarios.
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A covariant description of the interactions of axion-like particles and hadrons
A covariant framework identifies redefinition-invariant ALP couplings to gluons and quarks and computes physical decay rates for mixed scenarios.
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ALP pair production at the LHC
Non-resonant gg→aa→4γ production could constrain the dimension-6 ALP-gluon coupling down to ~10^-3 TeV^-2 at 300 fb^-1, but the allowed parameter space remains unbounded along multiple flat directions.
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MeV Electrophilic Axion-like Particles from Sun
MeV axion-like particles could be made when 5.5 MeV solar fusion photons Compton-scatter off electrons; current LZ, PandaX-4T and Borexino data would then constrain g_ae to (1.7-3.7)e-6 in the 0.4-1 MeV window.
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Searching for long-lived ALPs with a laser-assisted optical dump
A laser-assisted optical dump could probe ALP-electron couplings down to ~10^-6 (10^-7) GeV^-1 with 16.5 (125) GeV electron beams, and when both couplings are present the Primakoff process improves the electron-coupli...
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Searches for GeV-Scale ALPs at RHIC
Proposes searching for GeV-scale ALPs in ultra-peripheral collisions at RHIC via γγ → a → γγ, estimating sensitivity to m_a ~2-5 GeV and g_aγγ ≳4e-4 GeV^{-1} with existing PHENIX data.
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Constraints on Axion-Like Particles with the Silicon Detector at a Nuclear Reactor
New 90% C.L. limits on the ALP–photon coupling in the 0.1–100 keV range are derived from Connie and Atucha-II reactor data via plasmon excitation in silicon; a 30 kg·yr Oscura-style run could improve on NEON by about tenfold.
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Braking protons at the EIC: from invisible meson decay to new physics searches
The EIC can probe invisible pseudoscalar meson decays down to branching ratios of 10^{-8} and invisibly decaying ALPs with couplings up to 10^5 GeV for masses 0.1-2 GeV.
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Loop-Level Lepton Flavor Violation and Diphoton Signals in the Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model
Recasting axion limits onto the one-loop H3 couplings of the minimal left-right symmetric model excludes the right-handed scale up to 2×10^9 GeV and could eventually probe 6×10^11 GeV.
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Heavy QCD Axions at High-Energy Muon Colliders
A 10 TeV muon collider can detect TeV-mass QCD axions through their decay into two jets, extending sensitivity beyond current and HL-LHC experiments.
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Probing the coupling of axions to tops and gluons with LHC measurements
Using CONTUR reinterpretation of LHC data, the authors derive 2 sigma bounds on ALP-top and ALP-gluon couplings, with fa/c_t above about 200 GeV and fa/c_gluon above about 5 TeV.
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Comprehensive ALP Searches in Meson Decays
A new open-source tool, ALPaca, computes axion-like particle constraints from meson decays and finds that only the non-universal DFSZ model with large tan beta can explain the Belle II B+ to K+ plus missing energy exc...
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Constraining ALP-Top Interaction from the Chromoelectric Dipole Moment of the Top Quark
The paper derives the one- and two-loop top quark CEDM induced by a CP-violating ALP at q^2 = m_t^2 and uses it to set new bounds on the ALP-top coupling, with the neutron EDM giving the strongest of the three new limits.
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New Physics at the Muon (Synchrotron) Ion Collider: MuSIC for several scales
A TeV-scale muon-ion collider (MuSIC) could probe new physics in four BSM scenarios with reach surpassing the HL-LHC and other future facilities.
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Constraining axion-like particles from rare pion decays
Existing PIENU and PIBETA rare pion decay data constrain ALP-pion mixing to sin^2 theta below about 1e-5 for ALP masses from 10 MeV to the pion mass.
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CP Polarimetry with Linearly Polarized Photon Fusion and Double-Tagged Protons
The CP-mixing angle of a photon-coupled spin-zero resonance shifts the second harmonic in the azimuthal angle between the two tagged protons, enabling a decay-analyzer-independent CP measurement.
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ALP and $Z^\prime$ boson at the Electron-Ion collider
Projected EIC tri-electron searches would constrain electron-coupled ALPs and Z' bosons more strongly than current experiments at masses of about 10-100 GeV and 10-30 GeV, respectively.
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Concurrent Exploration of Axion-Like Particle Interactions with Gauge Bosons at the LHC
Expected and observed 95% CL limits on the ALP couplings to gluons and W bosons are derived for a 1 MeV ALP, from simulated ZZa/WWa events at the HL-LHC and from recast CMS Z+jets and W+jets measurements.
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Probing ALP-portal fermionic dark matter at the $e^+e^-$ colliders
A 1 TeV ILC with polarized beams could discover GeV-scale ALP-portal dark matter through mono-photon plus missing energy at 7.6 sigma and measure the ALP-photon coupling to about 1%.
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Probing Heavy Axion-like Particles from Massive Stars with X-rays and Gamma Rays
Decay photons from heavy ALPs produced in Wolf-Rayet stars can be probed by INTEGRAL SPI down to gaγ ~ 4e-11 GeV^-1 for ma ~ 10-100 keV, modestly extending existing limits.
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Dark photons and axion-like particles at the Electron-Ion Collider in China
Projected EicC searches could probe dark photons from about 1 MeV to 3 GeV and photon-coupled axion-like particles from 0.1 to 5 GeV, covering parameter space not yet excluded by other experiments.
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Constraints on axion-like particles from ultra-high-energy observations of M87 with the HAWC observatory
No photon-ALP conversion signal found in HAWC data from M87, producing competitive constraints excluding ALP masses of 10^{-8} to 10^{-6} eV for couplings above 5×10^{-12} GeV^{-1}.
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Hunting for Axions in REactor neutrino COherent scattering Detection Experiment
RECODE, a reactor experiment with two germanium detectors, could probe axion-photon and axion-electron couplings into the cosmological triangle region at masses around 0.3 to 0.9 MeV.
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Probing axion-like particles through the gamma-ray production from cosmic-ray scattering in the Milky Way dark matter halo
A sensitivity forecast shows H.E.S.S.-like, CTAO, and SWGO observations could strengthen ALP-photon coupling limits by about an order of magnitude over gamma-ray satellites and probe axion-electron couplings at lower masses.
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Measurement of light-by-light scattering and the Breit-Wheeler process, and search for axion-like particles in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
In PbPb ultraperipheral collisions at 5.02 TeV, CMS measured the Breit-Wheeler and light-by-light fiducial cross sections in agreement with QED and set the most stringent axion-like particle limits in the 5-10 GeV mass range.
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Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation
A mini-review of axion phenomenology showing how light bosons can account for dark matter, drive cosmic acceleration, or contribute to relativistic backgrounds in the early and late Universe.
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The landscape of QCD axion models
Review classifies QCD axion models extending the standard mass-coupling window and updates bounds from cosmology, astrophysics, and experiments.
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Axions and Axion-like particles: collider searches
A pedagogical review of the ALP effective field theory, production and decay at colliders, indirect search strategies, and a summary of current bounds on the ALP-photon coupling.
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