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QCD at finite isospin density

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arxiv hep-ph/0005225 v2 pith:XLS32ASZ submitted 2000-05-23 hep-ph hep-latnucl-th

classification hep-phhep-latnucl-th
keywords isospindensitychemicalfinitehighpiontheoryanalytically
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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QCD at finite isospin chemical potential mu_I has no fermion sign problem and can be studied on the lattice. We solve this theory analytically in two limits: at low mu_I where chiral perturbation theory is applicable, and at asymptotically high mu_I where perturbative QCD works. At low isospin density the ground state is a pion condensate, whereas at high density it is a Fermi liquid with Cooper pairing. The pairs carry the same quantum numbers as the pion. This leads us to a conjecture that the transition from hadron to quark matter is smooth, which passes several tests. Our results imply a nontrivial phase diagram in the space of temperature and chemical potentials of isospin and baryon number.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. On the $\theta$-angle physics of QCD under pressure: The strange and isospin phase diagram

    hep-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The three-flavor QCD phase diagram at finite isospin and strangeness chemical potentials acquires a theta-dependence with a novel parity-preserving superfluid phase at theta = pi and no Dashen transition inside the su...

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    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In a matrix model of two-flavor two-color QCD, large baryon/isospin/chiral chemical potentials produce a web of quantum phases, including spin-1 LOFF-like states whose quark spin fraction can approach one.

  3. Renormalization group analysis of color superconductivity revisited

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    An RG treatment with self-energy corrections reproduces the known O(g^0) color-superconducting gap and claims to fix its overall coefficient, implying a factor-two reduction.

  4. Quarkyonic picture of isospin QCD

    nucl-th 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Cold isospin QCD is modeled as a pion condensate plus free quarks, with a quarkyonic onset near 0.23 fm^-3 and high-density pion dissociation toward the conformal limit.

  5. Renormalization group invariant mean-field model for QCD at finite isospin density

    hep-ph 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A renormalization-group invariant mean-field quark-meson model with one fitted scale reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics at finite isospin density and predicts a multicritical chiral/pion-condensation point in the c...

  6. Equation of state of isospin asymmetric QCD with small baryon chemical potentials

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A Taylor expansion around nonzero isospin chemical potentials yields the first lattice QCD pressure estimates along the electric charge chemical potential axis.

  7. Spectrum of a Supersymmetric Color Superconductor

    hep-th 2019-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The mesonic spectrum of a supersymmetric color superconductor contains type II Goldstone modes with quadratic dispersion, a pseudo-Goldstone of mass 2Mq, and extra gapless modes from supersymmetric moduli.

  8. One-loop HDL thermodynamics of a strongly magnetized isospin asymmetric cold quark matter

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In the lowest Landau level, one-loop HDLpt pressure of cold quark matter grows with quark and isospin chemical potentials, and the magnetization is positive, making transverse pressure smaller than longitudinal.

  9. QCD phase transition at finite isospin density and magnetic field

    nucl-th 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    In the NJL model, increasing isospin chemical potential favors pion superfluidity at small magnetic fields and rho superconductivity at large magnetic fields.

  10. Pion condensation at non-zero isospin chemical potential with Wilson fermions

    hep-lat 2025-02 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Using Wilson fermions on the lattice, the onset of pion condensation is observed at an isospin chemical potential slightly below m_pi/2, consistent with earlier staggered-fermion results.

  11. Condensation of lighter-than-physical pions in QCD

    hep-lat 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    At half the physical light quark mass, the pion Bose-Einstein condensation boundary in QCD remains vertical and approaches zero chemical potential linearly as the pion mass decreases.

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    nucl-th 2025-08 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Applying Topological Uncertainty to hidden-layer activations of a trained FNN detects failed neutron-star EoS inferences with over 90% success in the best-tested configuration.

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    nucl-th 2026-07 unverdicted

    A textbook-style review of the neutron-star equation of state covering the models, experimental and observational constraints, and open questions, with no new result claimed or derived.

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