FlowHijack is the first dynamics-aware backdoor attack on flow-matching VLAs that achieves high success rates with stealthy triggers while preserving benign performance and making malicious actions kinematically indistinguishable from normal ones.
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GraspVLA: a Grasping Foundation Model Pre-trained on Billion-scale Synthetic Action Data
Canonical reference. 90% of citing Pith papers cite this work as background.
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Pith papers citing it
Background
90% of classified citations
abstract
Embodied foundation models are gaining increasing attention for their zero-shot generalization, scalability, and adaptability to new tasks through few-shot post-training. However, existing models rely heavily on real-world data, which is costly and labor-intensive to collect. Synthetic data offers a cost-effective alternative, yet its potential remains largely underexplored. To bridge this gap, we explore the feasibility of training Vision-Language-Action models entirely with large-scale synthetic action data. We curate SynGrasp-1B, a billion-frame robotic grasping dataset generated in simulation with photorealistic rendering and extensive domain randomization. Building on this, we present GraspVLA, a VLA model pretrained on large-scale synthetic action data as a foundational model for grasping tasks. GraspVLA integrates autoregressive perception tasks and flow-matching-based action generation into a unified Chain-of-Thought process, enabling joint training on synthetic action data and Internet semantics data. This design helps mitigate sim-to-real gaps and facilitates the transfer of learned actions to a broader range of Internet-covered objects, achieving open-vocabulary generalization in grasping. Extensive evaluations across real-world and simulation benchmarks demonstrate GraspVLA's advanced zero-shot generalizability and few-shot adaptability to specific human preferences. We will release SynGrasp-1B dataset and pre-trained weights to benefit the community.
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representative citing papers
Dexora is the first open-source VLA system for dual-arm dual-hand high-DoF manipulation, trained on 100K simulated and 10K real teleoperated trajectories with a discriminator-weighted diffusion policy, achieving 66.7% dexterous success versus 51.7% for baselines.
LaMem-VLA reconstructs robotic history into dual short-term and long-term latent memory tokens that are woven directly into a VLA model's reasoning sequence to improve long-horizon manipulation.
A lightweight primitive classifier and differentiable guidance mechanism improve pretrained diffusion and flow manipulation policies by 3–7 points at test time without retraining.
UniFS achieves 98.3% success on LIBERO with 2.1x lower latency than prior fast-slow VLA models by stratifying VLM layer update frequencies, inverting latent interactions, and applying multi-level supervision.
SIMPLE is a new large-scale simulation benchmark for humanoid loco-manipulation that integrates accurate dynamics and photorealistic rendering and demonstrates policy transfer from simulation to physical robots.
ReasonBreak demonstrates up to 89% attack success on reasoning and 72% on trajectories in NVIDIA Alpamayo VLA models via black-box textual perturbations, introducing a reasoning-aware evaluation framework and benchmark for autonomous driving.
X-DiffVLA proposes a diffusion VLA model using Embodiment Forcing and Morphological Tree Diffusion to achieve SOTA cross-embodied performance on simulation benchmarks with 15.3% and 12.5% gains.
GazeVLA pretrains on large human egocentric datasets to capture gaze-based intention, then finetunes on limited robot data with chain-of-thought reasoning to achieve better robotic manipulation performance than baselines.
Sparse action-aligned spatial anchors impose an explicit tolerance corridor that improves flow-matching VLA success rates by 4–12 points on LIBERO and LIBERO-Plus.
Vision-geometry backbones using pretrained 3D world models outperform vision-language and video models for robotic manipulation by enabling direct mapping from visual input to geometric actions.
SIM1 converts sparse real demonstrations into high-fidelity synthetic data through physics-aligned simulation, yielding policies that match real-data performance at a 1:15 ratio with 90% zero-shot success on deformable manipulation.
OptimusVLA augments hierarchical VLA models with Global Prior Memory for shorter generative paths and Local Consistency Memory for temporal coherence, yielding higher success rates and 2.9x faster inference on simulation and real-world robotic benchmarks.
DextER uses contact-based embodied reasoning via autoregressive token generation to produce language-driven dexterous grasps, reaching 67.14% success on DexGYS with a 3.83 p.p. gain over prior methods and 96.4% better intention alignment.
PALM improves long-horizon robotic manipulation success by distilling affordance representations for object interaction and predicting within-subtask progress in a VLA model.
An open-source simulation platform with LLM-generated scenes, VLM-based automatic evaluation, 10,000+ hours of synthetic robot data, and evidence of sim-to-real transfer on four manipulation tasks.
DreamVLA uses dynamic-region-guided world knowledge prediction, block-wise attention to disentangle information types, and a diffusion transformer for actions, reaching 76.7% success on real robot tasks and 4.44 average length on CALVIN ABC-D.
RoboTwin 2.0 automates diverse synthetic data creation for dual-arm robots via MLLMs and five-axis domain randomization, leading to 228-367% gains in manipulation success.
VLA benchmark success rates cannot distinguish semantic generalization from physical reasoning due to an identifiability gap in current evaluation protocols.
GraspFoM creates a shared 3D latent from SAM3D priors, adds an anchor-initialized diffuser for multimodal grasps, and uses reconstruction-aware scoring plus residual updates to jointly achieve SOTA reconstruction and grasping with few extra parameters.
A single vision-language-action policy can execute robot manipulation at commanded speeds from 0.5x to 2x by training on merged/split demonstration actions conditioned on a speed scalar.
A dual VLM-VLA framework for long-horizon robot manipulation achieves 32.4% success on RMBench tasks versus 9.8% for the strongest baseline via structured memory and closed-loop adaptive replanning.
This survey organizes large VLM-based VLA models for robotic manipulation into monolithic and hierarchical paradigms, reviews their integrations and datasets, and outlines future directions.
ACT-VLA synthesizes novel demonstrations from existing VLA tasks via latent representations to reduce overfitting and improve generalization on manipulation tasks in simulation.
citing papers explorer
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FlowHijack: A Dynamics-Aware Backdoor Attack on Flow-Matching Vision-Language-Action Models
FlowHijack is the first dynamics-aware backdoor attack on flow-matching VLAs that achieves high success rates with stealthy triggers while preserving benign performance and making malicious actions kinematically indistinguishable from normal ones.
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Dexora: Open-source VLA for High-DoF Bimanual Dexterity
Dexora is the first open-source VLA system for dual-arm dual-hand high-DoF manipulation, trained on 100K simulated and 10K real teleoperated trajectories with a discriminator-weighted diffusion policy, achieving 66.7% dexterous success versus 51.7% for baselines.
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Dual Latent Memory in Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation
LaMem-VLA reconstructs robotic history into dual short-term and long-term latent memory tokens that are woven directly into a VLA model's reasoning sequence to improve long-horizon manipulation.
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PriGo: Test-Time Primitive Guidance to Diffusion and Flow Policies for Adaptive Robotic Manipulation
A lightweight primitive classifier and differentiable guidance mechanism improve pretrained diffusion and flow manipulation policies by 3–7 points at test time without retraining.
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UniFS: Unified Fast-to-Slow Hierarchical Architecture for Vision-Language-Action Models
UniFS achieves 98.3% success on LIBERO with 2.1x lower latency than prior fast-slow VLA models by stratifying VLM layer update frequencies, inverting latent interactions, and applying multi-level supervision.
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SIMPLE: Simulation-Based Policy Learning and Evaluation for Humanoid Loco-manipulation
SIMPLE is a new large-scale simulation benchmark for humanoid loco-manipulation that integrates accurate dynamics and photorealistic rendering and demonstrates policy transfer from simulation to physical robots.
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ReasonBreak: Probing Vulnerabilities in Reasoning-Enabled Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving
ReasonBreak demonstrates up to 89% attack success on reasoning and 72% on trajectories in NVIDIA Alpamayo VLA models via black-box textual perturbations, introducing a reasoning-aware evaluation framework and benchmark for autonomous driving.
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X-DiffVLA: X-Embodied Diffusion Action Heads for Vision-Language-Action Models
X-DiffVLA proposes a diffusion VLA model using Embodiment Forcing and Morphological Tree Diffusion to achieve SOTA cross-embodied performance on simulation benchmarks with 15.3% and 12.5% gains.
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GazeVLA: Learning Human Intention for Robotic Manipulation
GazeVLA pretrains on large human egocentric datasets to capture gaze-based intention, then finetunes on limited robot data with chain-of-thought reasoning to achieve better robotic manipulation performance than baselines.
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CorridorVLA: Explicit Spatial Constraints for Generative Action Heads via Sparse Anchors
Sparse action-aligned spatial anchors impose an explicit tolerance corridor that improves flow-matching VLA success rates by 4–12 points on LIBERO and LIBERO-Plus.
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Robotic Manipulation is Vision-to-Geometry Mapping ($f(v) \rightarrow G$): Vision-Geometry Backbones over Language and Video Models
Vision-geometry backbones using pretrained 3D world models outperform vision-language and video models for robotic manipulation by enabling direct mapping from visual input to geometric actions.
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SIM1: Physics-Aligned Simulator as Zero-Shot Data Scaler in Deformable Worlds
SIM1 converts sparse real demonstrations into high-fidelity synthetic data through physics-aligned simulation, yielding policies that match real-data performance at a 1:15 ratio with 90% zero-shot success on deformable manipulation.
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Global Prior Meets Local Consistency: Dual-Memory Augmented Vision-Language-Action Model for Efficient Robotic Manipulation
OptimusVLA augments hierarchical VLA models with Global Prior Memory for shorter generative paths and Local Consistency Memory for temporal coherence, yielding higher success rates and 2.9x faster inference on simulation and real-world robotic benchmarks.
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DextER: Language-driven Dexterous Grasp Generation with Embodied Reasoning
DextER uses contact-based embodied reasoning via autoregressive token generation to produce language-driven dexterous grasps, reaching 67.14% success on DexGYS with a 3.83 p.p. gain over prior methods and 96.4% better intention alignment.
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PALM: Progress-Aware Policy Learning via Affordance Reasoning for Long-Horizon Robotic Manipulation
PALM improves long-horizon robotic manipulation success by distilling affordance representations for object interaction and predicting within-subtask progress in a VLA model.
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Genie Sim 3.0 : A High-Fidelity Comprehensive Simulation Platform for Humanoid Robot
An open-source simulation platform with LLM-generated scenes, VLM-based automatic evaluation, 10,000+ hours of synthetic robot data, and evidence of sim-to-real transfer on four manipulation tasks.
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DreamVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model Dreamed with Comprehensive World Knowledge
DreamVLA uses dynamic-region-guided world knowledge prediction, block-wise attention to disentangle information types, and a diffusion transformer for actions, reaching 76.7% success on real robot tasks and 4.44 average length on CALVIN ABC-D.
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RoboTwin 2.0: A Scalable Data Generator and Benchmark with Strong Domain Randomization for Robust Bimanual Robotic Manipulation
RoboTwin 2.0 automates diverse synthetic data creation for dual-arm robots via MLLMs and five-axis domain randomization, leading to 228-367% gains in manipulation success.
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Position: Vision-Language-Action Models Cannot Be Verified to Perform Physical Reasoning
VLA benchmark success rates cannot distinguish semantic generalization from physical reasoning due to an identifiability gap in current evaluation protocols.
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GraspFoM: Towards Reconstruction-Driven Robotic Grasping with 3D Foundation Priors
GraspFoM creates a shared 3D latent from SAM3D priors, adds an anchor-initialized diffuser for multimodal grasps, and uses reconstruction-aware scoring plus residual updates to jointly achieve SOTA reconstruction and grasping with few extra parameters.
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TempoVLA: Learning Speed-Controllable Vision-Language-Action Policies
A single vision-language-action policy can execute robot manipulation at commanded speeds from 0.5x to 2x by training on merged/split demonstration actions conditioned on a speed scalar.
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Goal2Skill: Long-Horizon Manipulation with Adaptive Planning and Reflection
A dual VLM-VLA framework for long-horizon robot manipulation achieves 32.4% success on RMBench tasks versus 9.8% for the strongest baseline via structured memory and closed-loop adaptive replanning.
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Large VLM-based Vision-Language-Action Models for Robotic Manipulation: A Survey
This survey organizes large VLM-based VLA models for robotic manipulation into monolithic and hierarchical paradigms, reviews their integrations and datasets, and outlines future directions.
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Unleashing More Actions via Action Compositional Training for VLA Models
ACT-VLA synthesizes novel demonstrations from existing VLA tasks via latent representations to reduce overfitting and improve generalization on manipulation tasks in simulation.
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Towards Robotic Dexterous Hand Intelligence: A Survey
A structured survey of dexterous robotic hand research that reviews hardware, control methods, data resources, and benchmarks while identifying major limitations and future directions.
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World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AI
The paper introduces World Action Models as a new paradigm unifying predictive world modeling with action generation in embodied foundation models and provides a taxonomy of existing approaches.
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Vision-Language-Action in Robotics: A Survey of Datasets, Benchmarks, and Data Engines
A survey of VLA robotics research identifies data infrastructure as the primary bottleneck and distills four open challenges in representation alignment, multimodal supervision, reasoning assessment, and scalable data generation.
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3D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Survey
The paper surveys 3D generation techniques for embodied AI and robotics, categorizing them into data generation, simulation environments, and sim-to-real bridging while identifying bottlenecks in physical validity and transfer.