Nonlinear analysis of relativistic viscous fluid relaxation yields an asymptotic attractor with frequency locking to n times the fundamental and amplitude cascading J_n = α_J^{n-1} J_1^n fixed by EOS and viscosity.
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Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole Physics
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abstract
The ratio of shear viscosity to volume density of entropy can be used to characterize how close a given fluid is to being perfect. Using string theory methods, we show that this ratio is equal to a universal value of $\hbar/4\pi k_B$ for a large class of strongly interacting quantum field theories whose dual description involves black holes in anti--de Sitter space. We provide evidence that this value may serve as a lower bound for a wide class of systems, thus suggesting that black hole horizons are dual to the most ideal fluids.
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Scherk-Schwarz reduction of a neutral viscous conformal fluid yields a dissipative colored fluid in lower dimensions with explicit maps for equation of state, sound speed, color currents, entropy current, and first-order transport coefficients including η, τ, and κ.
Real-analytic perturbations of AdS4 black branes exhibit stretched-exponential decay exp(-c t^{5/6}) controlled by the large-k tail of the quasinormal mode spectrum.
Scalar quasinormal modes on pp-wave spacetimes show zero-temperature dissipation for d >= 3 via an irregular singular point acting as absorber, with exact non-dissipative spectrum for d=2 and gapped modes proven by reduction to Bessel equation.
Retarded correlators of bulk scalars and Wilson-line displacement operators exhibit bouncing singularities at t_c=β/2(1+i) with matching WKB and asymptotic OPE data, implying a universal high-frequency factorization.
Exact solutions in Einstein-SU(2) sigma model yield black holes and branes with bumpy horizons stabilized by integer vorticity of superfluid pions.
Anisotropic quark or hadron coalescence in heavy-ion collisions generates vector-meson spin alignment whose sign distinguishes bare-vector from spin-orbit-coupled production vertices.
Second-order Chapman-Enskog viscous corrections suppress heavy-quark drag, induce nontrivial transverse diffusion, and boost early-time dilepton yields relative to first-order or Grad corrections, with the size of the effect set by the interplay between correction momentum dependence and observable
Exact and perturbative drag forces are derived for heavy quarks in holographic plasmas dual to charged rotating 5D black holes, with regularity conditions fixing integration constants and yielding finite anisotropic corrections.
Stirling efficiency reaches Carnot when fixed-volume heat capacity is volume-independent, true for classical gases but not quantum or CFTs; holographic CFTs approach Carnot at large potentials with faster convergence under regeneration.
Causal viscous relativistic hydrodynamics applied to neutron stars yields new axial mode families without perfect-fluid counterparts, including mode avoidance and long-lived modes.
Carroll hydrodynamics with spin is obtained as the c→0 limit of relativistic hydrodynamics with spin, extending the description of boost-invariant flows.
Lattice QCD results show the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of gluon plasma reaches a minimum near the transition temperature Tc while the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio decreases monotonically from 0.76 to 2.25 Tc.
Derives lower bound on collective mean free path ℓ = √(τ D) in Drude-Kadanoff-Martin model from Green's function bounds, implying Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit for lattice models.
Conjecture reducing bulk loop discontinuity integrals in black hole Schwinger-Keldysh geometry to exterior real-time finite-temperature loop integrals, checked at one to three loops for low-point functions.
Authors derive new Kubo formulae for transport coefficients by analyzing analytic structures of stress-energy response functions in second- and third-order hydrodynamics.
Strip entanglement anisotropy S⊥−S∥ classifies dark portals in HSV p-wave superfluids into rigid rescalings versus width-running kinetic deformations with short-width W² decoupling.
ATLAS measures charged-particle pseudorapidity density and mean transverse momentum in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at 5.36 TeV as a function of centrality and eta.
Perturbative holographic calculation yields σ = 1 − q₂(9κQ²/(L² r_h⁴) + 7κ²Q⁴/(4 r_h⁸)) and η/s = (1/(4π))(1 + q₂ 7κ²Q⁴/(2 r_h⁸)) for a nonminimal AdS black brane.
Bayesian posteriors from JETSCAPE jet-quenching model are largely compatible across centrality but exhibit shifts across beam energy and observable class, with varying ability to predict complementary datasets.
Spacetime-symmetry-breaking Goldstone EFTs systematically describe bulk and localized excitations of solids, fluids, and superfluids, with new thermodynamic identifications and corrected scattering rates.
Holographic calculation in a spinning Myers-Perry black brane shows that higher temperature or rotation parameter a shortens light-quark stopping distance and increases instantaneous energy loss, with stronger anisotropy for transverse motion.
Metric-affine gravity formulates equivalence principle violations via non-metricity that parallel finite-temperature mass-ratio shifts, and a generalized Fermi-Walker derivative shows no orthonormal tetrad propagates along observer worldlines.
Non-conformal deformation via Einstein-dilaton gravity increases the radius of convergence of the derivative expansion for gapped quasinormal modes of a scalar operator in the holographic dual.
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Nonlinear nature of near-equilibrium viscous fluids
Nonlinear analysis of relativistic viscous fluid relaxation yields an asymptotic attractor with frequency locking to n times the fundamental and amplitude cascading J_n = α_J^{n-1} J_1^n fixed by EOS and viscosity.
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Dissipative non-Abelian fluids from Scherk-Schwarz dimensional reduction
Scherk-Schwarz reduction of a neutral viscous conformal fluid yields a dissipative colored fluid in lower dimensions with explicit maps for equation of state, sound speed, color currents, entropy current, and first-order transport coefficients including η, τ, and κ.
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After the Fluid: Subexponential Decay in AdS$_4$
Real-analytic perturbations of AdS4 black branes exhibit stretched-exponential decay exp(-c t^{5/6}) controlled by the large-k tail of the quasinormal mode spectrum.
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Quasinormal Modes of pp-Wave Spacetimes and Zero Temperature Dissipation
Scalar quasinormal modes on pp-wave spacetimes show zero-temperature dissipation for d >= 3 via an irregular singular point acting as absorber, with exact non-dissipative spectrum for d=2 and gapped modes proven by reduction to Bessel equation.
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Bouncing singularities and thermal correlators on line defects
Retarded correlators of bulk scalars and Wilson-line displacement operators exhibit bouncing singularities at t_c=β/2(1+i) with matching WKB and asymptotic OPE data, implying a universal high-frequency factorization.
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Exact black holes and black branes with bumpy horizons supported by superfluid pions
Exact solutions in Einstein-SU(2) sigma model yield black holes and branes with bumpy horizons stabilized by integer vorticity of superfluid pions.
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Vector-Meson Spin Alignment from Anisotropic Quark or Hadron Coalescence
Anisotropic quark or hadron coalescence in heavy-ion collisions generates vector-meson spin alignment whose sign distinguishes bare-vector from spin-orbit-coupled production vertices.
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Observable Dependence of Viscous Corrections in QGP: Heavy Quarks and Dileptons in Chapman--Enskog Theory
Second-order Chapman-Enskog viscous corrections suppress heavy-quark drag, induce nontrivial transverse diffusion, and boost early-time dilepton yields relative to first-order or Grad corrections, with the size of the effect set by the interplay between correction momentum dependence and observable
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Anisotropic drag force in finite-density QGP from charged rotating 5D black holes
Exact and perturbative drag forces are derived for heavy quarks in holographic plasmas dual to charged rotating 5D black holes, with regularity conditions fixing integration constants and yielding finite anisotropic corrections.
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Holographic Stirling engines and the route to Carnot efficiency
Stirling efficiency reaches Carnot when fixed-volume heat capacity is volume-independent, true for classical gases but not quantum or CFTs; holographic CFTs approach Carnot at large potentials with faster convergence under regeneration.
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Axial Oscillations of Viscous Neutron Stars
Causal viscous relativistic hydrodynamics applied to neutron stars yields new axial mode families without perfect-fluid counterparts, including mode avoidance and long-lived modes.
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Carroll hydrodynamics with spin
Carroll hydrodynamics with spin is obtained as the c→0 limit of relativistic hydrodynamics with spin, extending the description of boost-invariant flows.
-
Shear and bulk viscosities of the gluon plasma across the transition temperature from lattice QCD
Lattice QCD results show the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio of gluon plasma reaches a minimum near the transition temperature Tc while the bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio decreases monotonically from 0.76 to 2.25 Tc.
-
Bootstrapping transport in the Drude-Kadanoff-Martin model
Derives lower bound on collective mean free path ℓ = √(τ D) in Drude-Kadanoff-Martin model from Green's function bounds, implying Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit for lattice models.
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Loops Outside a Black Hole
Conjecture reducing bulk loop discontinuity integrals in black hole Schwinger-Keldysh geometry to exterior real-time finite-temperature loop integrals, checked at one to three loops for low-point functions.
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Analytic structure of stress-energy response functions and new Kubo formulae
Authors derive new Kubo formulae for transport coefficients by analyzing analytic structures of stress-energy response functions in second- and third-order hydrodynamics.
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Holographic Entanglement Anisotropy as a Dark Deformation RG Probe in Hyperscaling-Violating $p$-Wave Superfluids
Strip entanglement anisotropy S⊥−S∥ classifies dark portals in HSV p-wave superfluids into rigid rescalings versus width-running kinetic deformations with short-width W² decoupling.
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Measurements of charged-particle pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\text{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
ATLAS measures charged-particle pseudorapidity density and mean transverse momentum in O+O and Ne+Ne collisions at 5.36 TeV as a function of centrality and eta.
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Hydrodynamics of Nonminimal $F^{(a)\alpha \beta } F^{(a)\gamma \lambda } R_{\alpha \gamma } R_{\beta \lambda }$ AdS Black Brane
Perturbative holographic calculation yields σ = 1 − q₂(9κQ²/(L² r_h⁴) + 7κ²Q⁴/(4 r_h⁸)) and η/s = (1/(4π))(1 + q₂ 7κ²Q⁴/(2 r_h⁸)) for a nonminimal AdS black brane.
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Bayesian inference constraints on jet quenching across centrality, beam energy, and observable classes in LHC heavy-ion collisions
Bayesian posteriors from JETSCAPE jet-quenching model are largely compatible across centrality but exhibit shifts across beam energy and observable class, with varying ability to predict complementary datasets.
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Effective Field Theories for Material Media
Spacetime-symmetry-breaking Goldstone EFTs systematically describe bulk and localized excitations of solids, fluids, and superfluids, with new thermodynamic identifications and corrected scattering rates.
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Holographic light-quark energy loss in a spinning plasma
Holographic calculation in a spinning Myers-Perry black brane shows that higher temperature or rotation parameter a shortens light-quark stopping distance and increases instantaneous energy loss, with stronger anisotropy for transverse motion.
-
Equivalence Principle violation in metric-affine gravity and finite-temperature effects
Metric-affine gravity formulates equivalence principle violations via non-metricity that parallel finite-temperature mass-ratio shifts, and a generalized Fermi-Walker derivative shows no orthonormal tetrad propagates along observer worldlines.
-
Effect of non-conformal deformation on the gapped quasi-normal modes and the holographic implications
Non-conformal deformation via Einstein-dilaton gravity increases the radius of convergence of the derivative expansion for gapped quasinormal modes of a scalar operator in the holographic dual.
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Instability of 5D Gauss-Bonnet black branes
Gauss-Bonnet black branes in five-dimensional AdS gravity are unstable when the Gauss-Bonnet coupling falls outside the conformal collider bounds, with unstable modes connected to boundary causality-violating modes by phase rotation of complex boundary momentum.
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Black hole chemistry: thermodynamics with Lambda
Treating the cosmological constant as pressure in black hole thermodynamics yields an extended dictionary with enthalpy, thermodynamic volume, and chemical-like phase transitions including Van der Waals behavior, reentrant transitions, and triple points.
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Boulder Lectures on Thermal Dynamics and Hydrodynamic EFTs
Lectures summarizing the construction of hydrodynamic EFTs through strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, with examples from spin chains to relativistic QFTs and UV/IR constraints on transport coefficients.
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Spin dynamics and polarization in relativistic systems: recent developments
The review summarizes developments in spin hydrodynamics, polarization from spin-vorticity coupling, pseudo-gauge freedom, and heavy-flavor spin dynamics in relativistic systems.
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Quasinormal modes of black holes: from astrophysics to string theory
This review surveys calculations and interpretations of quasinormal modes for black holes in astrophysics, higher dimensions, and holographic duals without presenting new results.
- Exact Planar Black Hole in AdS-Einstein-Scalar Gravity with IR-Emergent Nearly Conformal Fluid