Calculates energy fluxes with quadratic-in-spin and quadrupole effects for small-mass-ratio spinning binaries in self-force theory, providing numerical data and sixth-order PN expansions.
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abstract
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal wonders about the fundamental theory of nature at play in the extreme gravity regime, where the gravitational interaction is both strong and dynamical. In this white paper, the Fundamental Physics Working Group of the LISA Consortium summarizes the current topics in fundamental physics where LISA observations of GWs can be expected to provide key input. We provide the briefest of reviews to then delineate avenues for future research directions and to discuss connections between this working group, other working groups and the consortium work package teams. These connections must be developed for LISA to live up to its science potential in these areas.
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Disk-induced dissipation drives rapid orbital plane alignment followed by slower eccentricity damping in extreme mass-ratio inspirals, with relativistic effects producing accumulating deviations from Keplerian orbits even at large separations.
In massive scalar-tensor gravity, rotating neutron stars that collapse emit nearly the same tensor gravitational waves as in general relativity, but lose about 10^-3 solar masses of energy in scalar radiation - far more than the quadrupole channel.
Natural polynomials for Schwarzschild and Kerr quasinormal modes are Pollaczek-Jacobi polynomials with complex parameters, with recurrence peaking at the physical overtone index for Schwarzschild.
Bumblebee gravity perturbations decouple exactly into gravitational and vector sectors, with gravitational modes dynamically immune to Lorentz violation and odd-even parities strictly isospectral.
A dipole pulsar timing array detects chiral nanohertz gravitational waves and extends PTA sensitivity into the microhertz regime.
Self-force theory is extended to compute merger and ringdown waveforms in beyond-GR black hole binaries under the extreme mass-ratio approximation, with first calculations of self-force corrections to the merger waveform.
Neutron stars in quasi-topological gravity can be more compact than black holes and radially stable across several equations of state.
Eccentric EMRIs exhibit relativistic resonances in scalar fluxes that enhance interactions with scalar clouds and amplify waveform dephasing relative to circular orbits.
Relativistic metric backreaction from scalar dark matter clouds in EMRIs produces dominant polar gravitational wave corrections for Mμ ≲ 0.12, exceeding axial and scalar radiation channels at small separations.
The LQG parameter ξ enlarges equatorial bound orbit energy ranges, confines off-equatorial trajectories, and produces larger deviations from Kerr waveforms in EMRI models for two rotating LQG black holes, though signals fall below detector sensitivities.
Semi-analytic waveform model for scalar environments around black hole binaries is validated against numerical relativity and applied to LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data to obtain upper limits on scalar densities with tentative evidence in GW190728.
A magnetized Schwarzschild background shifts EMRI orbital dynamics and GW waveforms, with B~10^9 G producing ~1.3 rad dephasing over one year for a 10^6 M_sun system.
LISA EMRIs can constrain deviations from Kerr equatorial symmetry to 10^{-2} and axial symmetry to 10^{-3} using Analytic Kludge waveforms and Fisher analysis.
LISA can constrain non-axisymmetric mass quadrupole deformations at the 10^{-3} level and axisymmetric mass octupole deformations at the 10^{-2} level in EMRI signals to test fuzzball proposals.
Tidal forces in the Simpson-Visser spacetime produce Roche radii for stars that depend on observer type and regularization, with some disruptions occurring outside the event horizon for supermassive black holes.
Nested sampling analysis indicates LISA could constrain H1, m, sigma_i and beta in the pre-big-bang model to relative uncertainties of about 18 percent under favorable conditions when including foregrounds.
Numerical and analytic modeling of boson star-black hole systems in the nonrelativistic limit, with Fisher analysis indicating LISA sensitivity to ultralight dark matter mass and self-coupling via gravitational wave dephasing.
A time-frequency semi-coherent search pipeline detects stellar-mass BBH inspirals in LISA data down to coherent SNR of approximately 11-14 on the Yorsh data challenge for aligned-spin, low-eccentricity systems.
Plunge spectra of extreme mass ratio events onto black hole mimickers show a low-frequency resonance comb and a high-frequency deviation from black hole behavior above Mω_th ≈ 0.39.
A multi-parameter formalism is developed to describe asymmetric binaries in general matter distributions by perturbing around Schwarzschild and reducing metric and fluid perturbations to wave equations similar to the vacuum case.
The paper derives statistic thresholds to distinguish dynamical friction from dark matter spikes, extra dimension theory, and varying G theory using -4 PN order GW corrections in massive black hole binary inspirals across different astronomical models.
The paper reports on the aims, activities, and conclusions of an early-career workshop focused on scientific overviews, transferable skills, and networking in gravitational physics.
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Quadrupole and quadratic-in-spin effects in quasicircular, spinning, asymmetric binaries
Calculates energy fluxes with quadratic-in-spin and quadrupole effects for small-mass-ratio spinning binaries in self-force theory, providing numerical data and sixth-order PN expansions.
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Orbital evolution of asymmetric binaries within accreting environments
Disk-induced dissipation drives rapid orbital plane alignment followed by slower eccentricity damping in extreme mass-ratio inspirals, with relativistic effects producing accumulating deviations from Keplerian orbits even at large separations.
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Rapidly Rotating Neutron Star Collapse in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theories
In massive scalar-tensor gravity, rotating neutron stars that collapse emit nearly the same tensor gravitational waves as in general relativity, but lose about 10^-3 solar masses of energy in scalar radiation - far more than the quadrupole channel.
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Properties of natural polynomials for Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes
Natural polynomials for Schwarzschild and Kerr quasinormal modes are Pollaczek-Jacobi polynomials with complex parameters, with recurrence peaking at the physical overtone index for Schwarzschild.
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Gravitational-Bumblebee perturbations: Exact decoupling and isospectrality
Bumblebee gravity perturbations decouple exactly into gravitational and vector sectors, with gravitational modes dynamically immune to Lorentz violation and odd-even parities strictly isospectral.
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Detecting Chiral Gravitational Wave Background with a Dipole Pulsar Timing Array
A dipole pulsar timing array detects chiral nanohertz gravitational waves and extends PTA sensitivity into the microhertz regime.
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Black hole mergers beyond general relativity: a self-force approach
Self-force theory is extended to compute merger and ringdown waveforms in beyond-GR black hole binaries under the extreme mass-ratio approximation, with first calculations of self-force corrections to the merger waveform.
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Neutron stars more compact than black holes in quasi-topological gravity: Equilibrium configurations and radial stability
Neutron stars in quasi-topological gravity can be more compact than black holes and radially stable across several equations of state.
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Resonances as signatures of scalar clouds in eccentric extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
Eccentric EMRIs exhibit relativistic resonances in scalar fluxes that enhance interactions with scalar clouds and amplify waveform dephasing relative to circular orbits.
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Relativistic signatures of scalar dark matter in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
Relativistic metric backreaction from scalar dark matter clouds in EMRIs produces dominant polar gravitational wave corrections for Mμ ≲ 0.12, exceeding axial and scalar radiation channels at small separations.
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Particle motions and gravitational waveforms in rotating black hole spacetimes of loop quantum gravity
The LQG parameter ξ enlarges equatorial bound orbit energy ranges, confines off-equatorial trajectories, and produces larger deviations from Kerr waveforms in EMRI models for two rotating LQG black holes, though signals fall below detector sensitivities.
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Scalar fields around black hole binaries in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA
Semi-analytic waveform model for scalar environments around black hole binaries is validated against numerical relativity and applied to LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data to obtain upper limits on scalar densities with tentative evidence in GW190728.
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Probing near-zone magnetic fields with extreme mass-ratio inspirals
A magnetized Schwarzschild background shifts EMRI orbital dynamics and GW waveforms, with B~10^9 G producing ~1.3 rad dephasing over one year for a 10^6 M_sun system.
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Probing Kerr Symmetry Breaking with LISA Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals
LISA EMRIs can constrain deviations from Kerr equatorial symmetry to 10^{-2} and axial symmetry to 10^{-3} using Analytic Kludge waveforms and Fisher analysis.
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Are Black Holes Fuzzballs? Probing Horizon-Scale Structure with LISA
LISA can constrain non-axisymmetric mass quadrupole deformations at the 10^{-3} level and axisymmetric mass octupole deformations at the 10^{-2} level in EMRI signals to test fuzzball proposals.
-
Roche limit and stellar disruption in the Simpson--Visser spacetime
Tidal forces in the Simpson-Visser spacetime produce Roche radii for stars that depend on observer type and regularization, with some disruptions occurring outside the event horizon for supermassive black holes.
-
LISA as a probe of pre-big-bang physics: a nested sampling analysis
Nested sampling analysis indicates LISA could constrain H1, m, sigma_i and beta in the pre-big-bang model to relative uncertainties of about 18 percent under favorable conditions when including foregrounds.
-
Boson Stars Hosting Black Holes
Numerical and analytic modeling of boson star-black hole systems in the nonrelativistic limit, with Fisher analysis indicating LISA sensitivity to ultralight dark matter mass and self-coupling via gravitational wave dephasing.
-
Global time-frequency search for stellar-mass binary black holes in LISA
A time-frequency semi-coherent search pipeline detects stellar-mass BBH inspirals in LISA data down to coherent SNR of approximately 11-14 on the Yorsh data challenge for aligned-spin, low-eccentricity systems.
-
Plunge spectra as discriminators of black hole mimickers
Plunge spectra of extreme mass ratio events onto black hole mimickers show a low-frequency resonance comb and a high-frequency deviation from black hole behavior above Mω_th ≈ 0.39.
-
A multi-parameter expansion for the evolution of asymmetric binaries in astrophysical environments
A multi-parameter formalism is developed to describe asymmetric binaries in general matter distributions by perturbing around Schwarzschild and reducing metric and fluid perturbations to wave equations similar to the vacuum case.
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Statistic threshold of distinguishing the environmental effects and modified theory of gravity with multiple massive black-hole binaries
The paper derives statistic thresholds to distinguish dynamical friction from dark matter spikes, extra dimension theory, and varying G theory using -4 PN order GW corrections in massive black hole binary inspirals across different astronomical models.
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The Early Career Workshop of GR-Amaldi 2025
The paper reports on the aims, activities, and conclusions of an early-career workshop focused on scientific overviews, transferable skills, and networking in gravitational physics.