An iterative AI reasoning process proposes new dynamical dark energy equations of state that are competitive with traditional forms on supernova, BAO, and Planck data.
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Cosmological Imprint of an Energy Component with General Equation of State
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abstract
We examine the possibility that a significant component of the energy density of the universe has an equation-of-state different from that of matter, radiation or cosmological constant ($\Lambda$). An example is a cosmic scalar field evolving in a potential, but our treatment is more general. Including this component alters cosmic evolution in a way that fits current observations well. Unlike $\Lambda$, it evolves dynamically and develops fluctuations, leaving a distinctive imprint on the microwave background anisotropy and mass power spectrum.
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A QCD-vacuum-based model of dynamical dark energy fits Planck+ACT+SPT, DESI DR2, and supernova data while reproducing the late-time evolution favored by DESI.
Full DES data from SN+BAO+3x2pt yields w0=-0.84, wa=-0.44 with 2.2σ deviation from ΛCDM; adding DESI+CMB reaches 3.0σ while 3x2pt improves figure of merit by ~10%.
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α-attractor quintessence models approximate axion-like potentials and fit DESI dynamical dark energy data, preferring α of order 1 via a simple fa-α relation.
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
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Bayesian evidence from DESI BAO plus CMB and SN data favors the standard CPL evolving dark energy model over both simpler constant-w and more complex higher-order extensions.
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citing papers explorer
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Physics-guided discovery of dynamical dark-energy equations of state through iterative AI reasoning
An iterative AI reasoning process proposes new dynamical dark energy equations of state that are competitive with traditional forms on supernova, BAO, and Planck data.
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Evolving Dark Energy Is Vacuum Energy After All
A QCD-vacuum-based model of dynamical dark energy fits Planck+ACT+SPT, DESI DR2, and supernova data while reproducing the late-time evolution favored by DESI.
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Constraints on Dynamical Dark Energy from Multiple Probes in the Full Dark Energy Survey
Full DES data from SN+BAO+3x2pt yields w0=-0.84, wa=-0.44 with 2.2σ deviation from ΛCDM; adding DESI+CMB reaches 3.0σ while 3x2pt improves figure of merit by ~10%.
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Assessing observational constraints on dark energy
Quintessence models satisfying NEC everywhere predict the w0 > -1 and w0+wa < -1 sector favored by data, due to an approximate degeneracy in the w(z) = w0 + wa z/(1+z) parameterization.
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Bounding axion dark energy
An analytic bound on axion parameters in thawing quintessence is derived independently of initial conditions and used with cosmological observations plus quantum gravity constraints to exclude large regions of axion dark energy parameter space.
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Probing Dark Energy Microphysics with kSZ Tomography
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
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Quintom Model Perturbations
A two-field quintom model reproduces w0waCDM perturbation features and is mildly favored over it in Bayesian fits to BAO, CMB, and SNIa data.
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Redshift Duality with Pantheon+SH0ES in a Planck-anchored Flat $\Lambda$CDM Framework: Implications for Hubble Tension and Observational Inference
Hybrid redshift model with postulated quantum correction fits Pantheon+SH0ES data to recover Planck-consistent expansion H_Λ and eliminates apparent drift in inferred Hubble parameter across bins.
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The sound of dynamical dark energy and modified gravity
Using CMB, SN, BAO and shear data, the work shows dynamical dark energy in MG models correlates with deviations from GR below z=2 at >95% CL, a link that holds for varying sound speed but vanishes for a cosmological constant.
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EFT of Dark Energy with Cosmic Chronometers: Reconstructing Background EFT Functions
Reconstruction of EFT background functions from cosmic chronometer Hubble data allows model-independent tests of dark energy evolution in scalar-tensor theories.
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How Complex is Dark Energy? A Bayesian Analysis of CPL Extensions with Recent DESI BAO Measurements
Bayesian evidence from DESI BAO plus CMB and SN data favors the standard CPL evolving dark energy model over both simpler constant-w and more complex higher-order extensions.
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Breaking Free from the Swampland of Impossible Universes through the DESI Portal
A review summarizing advancements over the past two years that link DESI baryon acoustic oscillation data to string-inspired scenarios with dynamic dark energy.
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Dark Energy in the DESI Era: A Brief Review of Evidence, Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM Interpretations, and Tensions
Review of DESI evidence for dynamical dark energy, its dependence on parametrization and datasets, and alternative beyond-LambdaCDM interpretations that may address cosmological tensions.