The JWST transmission spectrum of TOI-1231 b shows strong CH4 detection and moderate CO2 evidence, consistent with a deep H2-rich atmosphere and no distinct surface.
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21 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 248 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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High-resolution M-band spectroscopy detects super-stellar SiO in TWA 5 B, implying no significant magnesium-silicate clouds and formation consistent with core accretion beyond the CO snowline or gravitational instability with solid enrichment.
JWST NIRISS/SOSS data yield a transmission spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c showing H2O absorption and an atmospheric metallicity of 14.8^{+56}_{-12} times solar, lower than mature planets of similar mass.
MELTYQ couples magma-atmosphere equilibrium models with spectral retrievals to constrain sub-Neptune magma oxidation states and volatile inventories from transmission spectra.
The atmosphere of TOI-1130b shows high metallicity, low C/O, and elevated mean molecular weight consistent with ex-situ formation beyond the water ice line.
Hydrolyzed haze analogs from water-rich exoplanet conditions show higher absorptivity and a high imaginary refractive index that flattens spectral features in atmospheric models.
Uranus and Neptune are reinterpreted as magma-ocean giants with hydrogen-rich interiors rather than traditional ice giants, consistent with observations via three fit parameters each.
A data-driven model for periodic ADC integral nonlinearity in JWST/NIRISS is fitted to ramp residuals and applied to correct the ERS1366 WASP-39b transmission spectrum, reducing systematics at the 30ppm level.
An open-source GCE code with a 100x faster solver demonstrates that refractory ratios Mg/Si and Fe/Si control carbon partitioning and atmospheric properties in water-accreting sub-Neptunes.
New data break the eccentricity multimodality of TOI-2134 c to e=0.31±0.01, refine both planets' masses and radii, and yield a 4.7σ RM obliquity of 59±31° for planet c.
The transmission spectrum of AU Mic b is dominated by the transit light source effect from stellar spots, yielding only weak atmospheric constraints with a preferred scale height below 185 km.
Clouds drive over 1000 K heating at depth in sub-Neptune atmospheres, producing molten mantle interfaces for most planets in the sample and increasing abundances of O2, SiH4, and SiO by at least 36 percent.
Hycean models with a 1-bar H2 envelope, percent-level CH4 and CO, and CO2 at 10^-3 to 10^-2 reproduce the 0.8-5.2 μm JWST spectra of K2-18b.
Coupling Bern formation models with extended chemical equilibrium including S and N shows equilibration depletes atmospheric nitrogen, shifts C/O higher outside the ice line, generates Si species, and leaves sulfur abundances weakly dependent on formation location.
Tier 1 Ariel spectra suffice for sub-1.5 dex constraints on H2O and CO2 in giant-planet atmospheres, with higher tiers providing only incremental gains and more molecules in select cases.
WASP-96b shows super-solar metallicity of 2-6x stellar, roughly stellar C/O, tentative SO2 consistent with photochemistry, and an optical slope from scattering aerosols, supporting core-accretion formation beyond the water snowline.
The Nautilus Space Observatory constellation is proposed to deliver the first statistical map of sub-Neptune atmospheric diversity through uniform population-level observations.
Models coupling hydrogen-silicate-iron miscibility with atmospheric escape reproduce the observed mass-radius occurrence density of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths.
Laser-sail picospacecraft swarms could deliver gigapixel imaging of Proxima b during near-relativistic flybys and detect signs of surface life or civilization.
The SKA is described as a key future tool for technosignature searches due to its sensitivity, field of view, and resolution, requiring high temporal and spectral resolution data products.
The paper reviews physical processes, modeling techniques, retrieval methods, and observational strategies for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, emphasizing Swiss research progress.
citing papers explorer
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Transmission Spectrum of the Benchmark Temperate Exo-Neptune TOI-1231 b
The JWST transmission spectrum of TOI-1231 b shows strong CH4 detection and moderate CO2 evidence, consistent with a deep H2-rich atmosphere and no distinct surface.
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The CRIMSON survey I: super-stellar SiO in the directly imaged companion TWA 5 B from high-resolution M-band spectroscopy
High-resolution M-band spectroscopy detects super-stellar SiO in TWA 5 B, implying no significant magnesium-silicate clouds and formation consistent with core accretion beyond the CO snowline or gravitational instability with solid enrichment.
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KRONOS I: The $1{-}2.8\mu$m JWST Transmission Spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c
JWST NIRISS/SOSS data yield a transmission spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c showing H2O absorption and an atmospheric metallicity of 14.8^{+56}_{-12} times solar, lower than mature planets of similar mass.
-
Coupling magma-ocean and atmospheres in spectral retrievals of sub-Neptunes
MELTYQ couples magma-atmosphere equilibrium models with spectral retrievals to constrain sub-Neptune magma oxidation states and volatile inventories from transmission spectra.
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JWST unveils a high mean molecular weight atmosphere for mini-Neptune TOI-1130b: Evidence for formation beyond the water ice line
The atmosphere of TOI-1130b shows high metallicity, low C/O, and elevated mean molecular weight consistent with ex-situ formation beyond the water ice line.
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Hydrolyzed Hazes on Water-rich Exoplanets: Optical Constants and Detectability
Hydrolyzed haze analogs from water-rich exoplanet conditions show higher absorptivity and a high imaginary refractive index that flattens spectral features in atmospheric models.
-
Ice Giants Revisited: Uranus and Neptune as Magma Ocean Worlds
Uranus and Neptune are reinterpreted as magma-ocean giants with hydrogen-rich interiors rather than traditional ice giants, consistent with observations via three fit parameters each.
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Calibration of an Analog-to-Digital Conversion Nonlinearity in JWST/NIRISS
A data-driven model for periodic ADC integral nonlinearity in JWST/NIRISS is fitted to ramp residuals and applied to correct the ERS1366 WASP-39b transmission spectrum, reducing systematics at the 30ppm level.
-
A New Global Chemical Equilibrium Code: Refractory Element Signatures in Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
An open-source GCE code with a 100x faster solver demonstrates that refractory ratios Mg/Si and Fe/Si control carbon partitioning and atmospheric properties in water-accreting sub-Neptunes.
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Understanding eccentric temperate giants: an in-depth study of the architecture and stellar obliquity of the TOI-2134 system
New data break the eccentricity multimodality of TOI-2134 c to e=0.31±0.01, refine both planets' masses and radii, and yield a 4.7σ RM obliquity of 59±31° for planet c.
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The HST/WFC3 Transmission Spectrum of AU Mic b Part I: An Atmosphere Obscured by Contamination and Systematics
The transmission spectrum of AU Mic b is dominated by the transit light source effect from stellar spots, yielding only weak atmospheric constraints with a preferred scale height below 185 km.
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Impact of Clouds on the Atmosphere-Mantle Interface of Sub-Neptunes
Clouds drive over 1000 K heating at depth in sub-Neptune atmospheres, producing molten mantle interfaces for most planets in the sample and increasing abundances of O2, SiH4, and SiO by at least 36 percent.
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A Hycean Interpretation of K2-18b Supported by Photochemical Atmospheric Compositional
Hycean models with a 1-bar H2 envelope, percent-level CH4 and CO, and CO2 at 10^-3 to 10^-2 reproduce the 0.8-5.2 μm JWST spectra of K2-18b.
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The Role of Formation Location in Shaping Sulfur-, Nitrogen-, and Carbon-Bearing Species in Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Atmospheres
Coupling Bern formation models with extended chemical equilibrium including S and N shows equilibration depletes atmospheric nitrogen, shifts C/O higher outside the ice line, generates Si species, and leaves sulfur abundances weakly dependent on formation location.
-
On the Information Content of Ariel Transmission Spectra: Reassessing the Tier System
Tier 1 Ariel spectra suffice for sub-1.5 dex constraints on H2O and CO2 in giant-planet atmospheres, with higher tiers providing only incremental gains and more molecules in select cases.
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Super-Solar Metallicity and Tentative Evidence for Photochemistry on WASP-96b from JWST and Ground-Based VLT Transmission Spectroscopy
WASP-96b shows super-solar metallicity of 2-6x stellar, roughly stellar C/O, tentative SO2 consistent with photochemistry, and an optical slope from scattering aerosols, supporting core-accretion formation beyond the water snowline.
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Nautilus Space Observatory: Unveiling the Diversity and Origin of Sub-Neptunes with the Nautilus Space Observatory
The Nautilus Space Observatory constellation is proposed to deliver the first statistical map of sub-Neptune atmospheric diversity through uniform population-level observations.
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The Influences of Hydrogen-Silicate-Iron Miscibility on the Demographics of Sub-Neptunes and Super-Earths
Models coupling hydrogen-silicate-iron miscibility with atmospheric escape reproduce the observed mass-radius occurrence density of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths.
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Science from the In Situ Exploration of the Proxima Centauri System
Laser-sail picospacecraft swarms could deliver gigapixel imaging of Proxima b during near-relativistic flybys and detect signs of surface life or civilization.
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Searching for Extraterrestrial Intelligence with the SKA
The SKA is described as a key future tool for technosignature searches due to its sensitivity, field of view, and resolution, requiring high temporal and spectral resolution data products.
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NCCR PlanetS: Observational and computational characterization of exoplanet atmospheres
The paper reviews physical processes, modeling techniques, retrieval methods, and observational strategies for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres, emphasizing Swiss research progress.