Zero-Run auditing supplies valid lower bounds on differential privacy parameters from fixed member and non-member datasets by modeling and correcting distribution-shift confounding via causal-inference techniques.
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LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
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We introduce LLaMA, a collection of foundation language models ranging from 7B to 65B parameters. We train our models on trillions of tokens, and show that it is possible to train state-of-the-art models using publicly available datasets exclusively, without resorting to proprietary and inaccessible datasets. In particular, LLaMA-13B outperforms GPT-3 (175B) on most benchmarks, and LLaMA-65B is competitive with the best models, Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B. We release all our models to the research community.
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- abstract We introduce LLaMA, a collection of foundation language models ranging from 7B to 65B parameters. We train our models on trillions of tokens, and show that it is possible to train state-of-the-art models using publicly available datasets exclusively, without resorting to proprietary and inaccessible datasets. In particular, LLaMA-13B outperforms GPT-3 (175B) on most benchmarks, and LLaMA-65B is competitive with the best models, Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B. We release all our models to the research community.
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Fragmentation strictly raises optimal finite-context log-loss on Markov sources while tokenization can make a short token window equivalent to a longer source window under reliability and compression conditions.
Allowing each quantization group to select among multiple 4-bit grids improves accuracy over single-grid FP4 for both post-training and pre-training of LLMs.
Adaptive scheduling of interventions in discrete diffusion language models, timed to attribute-specific commitment schedules discovered with sparse autoencoders, delivers precise multi-attribute steering up to 93% strength while preserving generation quality.
SignSGD provably beats SGD by a factor of d under sparse noise via matched ℓ1-norm upper and lower bounds, with an equivalent result for Muon on matrices, and this predicts faster GPT-2 pretraining.
An adversary controlling an intermediate pipeline stage in decentralized LLM post-training can inject a backdoor that reduces alignment from 80% to 6%, with the backdoor persisting in 60% of cases even after subsequent safety training.
First study of 1,899 MCP servers finds eight distinct vulnerabilities (only three traditional), 7.2% with general issues, 5.5% with tool poisoning, and 66% with code smells, urging MCP-specific security practices.
BEAVER is the first text-to-SQL benchmark from private enterprise data warehouses, revealing SOTA agentic frameworks achieve only 10.8% accuracy on complex real-world queries.
MME-RealWorld is the largest manually annotated high-resolution benchmark for MLLMs, where even the best models achieve less than 60% accuracy on challenging real-world tasks.
AgentDojo introduces an extensible evaluation framework populated with realistic agent tasks and security test cases to measure prompt injection robustness in tool-using LLM agents.
AgentClinic is a multimodal agent benchmark demonstrating that LLM diagnostic accuracy on MedQA drops to below one-tenth in sequential clinical simulations, with Claude-3.5 leading and large tool-use differences across models.
ORPO performs preference alignment during supervised fine-tuning via a monolithic odds ratio penalty, allowing 7B models to outperform larger state-of-the-art models on alignment benchmarks.
BLaIR is a new benchmark and 570M-review dataset showing that LLM performance rankings on recommendation tasks have little correlation with rankings on general embedding benchmarks like MTEB.
Mamba is a linear-time sequence model using input-dependent selective SSMs that achieves SOTA results across modalities and matches twice-larger Transformers on language modeling with 5x higher inference throughput.
MMMU provides 11.5K heterogeneous college-level multimodal questions that current models solve at 56-59% accuracy, establishing a new standard for expert multimodal evaluation.
Tree of Thoughts enables language models to solve complex planning tasks by generating, evaluating, and searching over coherent intermediate thoughts in a tree, raising Game of 24 success from 4% to 74% with GPT-4.
API-Bank is a new benchmark and training dataset for tool-augmented LLMs that shows fine-tuned models can approach GPT-3.5 tool-use effectiveness.
GPT-4-generated instruction data produces superior zero-shot performance in finetuned LLaMA models versus prior state-of-the-art data.
A new sensitivity-labeled test collection is released from Enron emails with crowdsourced queries, relevance judgments, and LLM extensions for evaluating sensitivity-aware search.
SPARE reformulates visual token pruning as column subset selection to minimize reconstruction error and uses anti-relevance for context-aware selection in VLMs.
APEX4 co-designs pure INT4 GEMM kernels with ρ-aware granularity adaptation to deliver up to 2.09× end-to-end speedup on GPUs with low ρ while keeping LLaMA-2-70B perplexity within 0.63 of FP16.
Orli is an autoregressive image-to-sequence model that jointly detects text lines and determines their reading order on historical documents via chord-frame baselines, trained on 196k pages across ten scripts.
Defines cost-aware RAG with evidence cost tiers and shows static selectors are brittle while agentic LLM-based selection is promising but model-dependent.
RWGBench is a citation-centric benchmark for related work generation built from 40k CS papers and a 100-paper test set, with multi-dimensional metrics that better match human expert judgment than standard similarity scores.
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Compared to What? Baselines and Metrics for Counterfactual Prompting
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Is Textual Similarity Invariant under Machine Translation? Evidence Based on the Political Manifesto Corpus
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Diversity in Large Language Models under Supervised Fine-Tuning
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Iterative Definition Refinement for Zero-Shot Classification via LLM-Based Semantic Prototype Optimization
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METASYMBO: Multi-Agent Language-Guided Metamaterial Discovery via Symbolic Latent Evolution
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Decoupling the Benefits of Subword Tokenization for Language Model Training via Byte-level Simulation
Byte-level simulations show subword tokenization improves LLM training mainly via increased throughput and boundary priors.
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Multiple Consistent 2D-3D Mappings for Robust Zero-Shot 3D Visual Grounding
MCM-VG achieves state-of-the-art zero-shot 3D visual grounding on ScanRefer and Nr3D by creating consistent 2D-3D mappings across semantic, geometric, and viewpoint dimensions using LLMs and VLMs.
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TimeMM: Time-as-Operator Spectral Filtering for Dynamic Multimodal Recommendation
TimeMM proposes a time-as-operator spectral filtering framework with adaptive mixing and modality routing to model non-stationary multimodal user preferences in recommendation systems.
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Structural Generalization on SLOG without Hand-Written Rules
A neural cellular automaton learns compositional rules from data alone to achieve structural generalization on the SLOG semantic parsing benchmark, reaching 67.3% accuracy and fully succeeding on 11 of 17 categories.
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A Survey on LLM-based Conversational User Simulation
A survey that introduces a taxonomy for LLM-based conversational user simulation, analyzes core techniques and evaluation methods, and identifies open challenges in the field.
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ViPO: Visual Preference Optimization at Scale
Poly-DPO improves robustness to noisy preference data in visual models, and the new ViPO dataset enables superior performance, with the method reducing to standard DPO on high-quality data.
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BaLoRA: Bayesian Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Scale Models
BaLoRA is a Bayesian LoRA variant with input-adaptive noise that improves accuracy over standard LoRA and supplies well-calibrated uncertainty estimates on language, vision, and scientific prediction tasks.
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X2SAM: Any Segmentation in Images and Videos
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Disagreement as Signals: Dual-view Calibration for Sequential Recommendation Denoising
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EPM-RL: Reinforcement Learning for On-Premise Product Mapping in E-Commerce
EPM-RL uses PEFT followed by RL with agent-based rewards from judge models to create a trainable in-house product mapping model that improves on fine-tuning alone and beats API baselines in quality-cost while enabling private use.
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ELSA: Exact Linear-Scan Attention for Fast and Memory-Light Vision Transformers
ELSA casts online softmax attention as a prefix scan over monoid (m,S,W) to deliver exact FP32 semantics, O(n) memory, O(log n) depth, and Tensor-Core independence as a drop-in kernel.
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OceanPile: A Large-Scale Multimodal Ocean Corpus for Foundation Models
OceanPile is a new multimodal corpus with unified data collection, instruction tuning set, and benchmark to train foundation models for ocean science.
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Mixture of Heterogeneous Grouped Experts for Language Modeling
MoHGE achieves standard MoE performance with 20% fewer parameters and balanced GPU utilization via grouped heterogeneous experts, two-level routing, and specialized auxiliary losses.
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Stealthy Backdoor Attacks against LLMs Based on Natural Style Triggers
BadStyle creates stealthy backdoors in LLMs by poisoning samples with imperceptible style triggers and using an auxiliary loss to stabilize payload injection, achieving high attack success rates across multiple models while evading defenses.
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ReaGeo: Reasoning-Enhanced End-to-End Geocoding with LLMs
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MiMIC: Mitigating Visual Modality Collapse in Universal Multimodal Retrieval While Avoiding Semantic Misalignment
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AVISE: Framework for Evaluating the Security of AI Systems
AVISE provides a new framework and automated SET that identifies jailbreak vulnerabilities in language models with 92% accuracy, finding all nine tested models vulnerable to an augmented Red Queen attack.
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DASH-KV: Accelerating Long-Context LLM Inference via Asymmetric KV Cache Hashing
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LBLLM: Lightweight Binarization of Large Language Models via Three-Stage Distillation
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AlignCultura: Towards Culturally Aligned Large Language Models?
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Modular Representation Compression: Adapting LLMs for Efficient and Effective Recommendations
LLMs exhibit mid-layer representation advantage for recommendations; MARC compresses representations modularly to reduce costs while improving performance, as shown in a large-scale online advertising deployment.
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SPENCE: A Syntactic Probe for Detecting Contamination in NL2SQL Benchmarks
SPENCE shows older NL2SQL benchmarks like Spider have high performance sensitivity to syntactic changes, indicating likely training contamination, while newer ones like BIRD show little sensitivity and appear largely clean.
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SelfHeal: Empirical Fix Pattern Analysis and Bug Repair in LLM Agents
SelfHeal uses two ReAct agents and empirical fix patterns to repair bugs in LLM agents, outperforming baselines on a new 37-instance benchmark.
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Beyond Fine-Tuning: In-Context Learning and Chain-of-Thought for Reasoned Distractor Generation
LLMs prompted with few-shot examples and rationales generate better reasoned distractors for MCQs than fine-tuned contrastive models across six benchmarks.
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Where to Focus: Query-Modulated Multimodal Keyframe Selection for Long Video Understanding
Q-Gate dynamically routes keyframe selection in long videos via query-modulated gating across visual grounding, global matching, and contextual alignment experts to improve MLLM performance.
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Learning to Control Summaries with Score Ranking
A score-ranking loss enables controllable summarization by aligning outputs to evaluation scores, matching SOTA performance with dimension-specific control on LLaMA, Qwen, and Mistral.
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Graph-Guided Adaptive Channel Elimination for KV Cache Compression
GRACE reframes KV cache channel pruning as graph optimization to find a near-optimal subset, achieving 60% compression with negligible degradation and outperforming prior methods.
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EvoRAG: Making Knowledge Graph-based RAG Automatically Evolve through Feedback-driven Backpropagation
EvoRAG adds a feedback-driven backpropagation step that attributes response quality to individual knowledge-graph triplets and updates the graph to raise reasoning accuracy by 7.34 percent over prior KG-RAG methods.
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StoSignSGD: Unbiased Structural Stochasticity Fixes SignSGD for Training Large Language Models
StoSignSGD resolves SignSGD divergence on non-smooth objectives via structural stochasticity, matching optimal convex rates and improving non-convex bounds while delivering 1.44-2.14x speedups in FP8 LLM pretraining.
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LWGR: Lagrangian-Constrained Personalized World Knowledge for Generative Recommendation
LWGR applies personalized soft instructions for LLM knowledge extraction and Lagrangian primal-dual optimization to selectively fuse beneficial world knowledge into generative recommendation while bounding degradation.
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SQL Query Engine: A Self-Healing LLM Pipeline for Natural Language to PostgreSQL Translation
A self-healing LLM pipeline for natural language to PostgreSQL translation achieves up to 9.3 percentage point accuracy gains on benchmarks through error diagnosis and anti-regression mechanisms.
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Boosting Visual Instruction Tuning with Self-Supervised Guidance
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Parcae: Scaling Laws For Stable Looped Language Models
Parcae stabilizes looped LLMs via spectral norm constraints on injection parameters, enabling power-law scaling for training FLOPs and saturating exponential scaling at test time that improves quality over fixed-depth baselines under fixed parameter budgets.
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BiSpikCLM: A Spiking Language Model integrating Softmax-Free Spiking Attention and Spike-Aware Alignment Distillation
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Chain-of-Models Pre-Training: Rethinking Training Acceleration of Vision Foundation Models
CoM-PT trains vision foundation models in ascending size order using inverse knowledge transfer, allowing larger models to achieve superior performance with significantly reduced overall computational cost compared to individual training.
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See No Evil: Semantic Context-Aware Privacy Risk Detection for AR
PrivAR applies VLMs with chain-of-thought prompting to detect and mitigate semantic privacy risks in AR, reporting 81.48% accuracy and 17.58% leakage rate on a real-world dataset.
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SpecBound: Adaptive Bounded Self-Speculation with Layer-wise Confidence Calibration
SpecBound achieves up to 2.33x wall-time speedup in LLM inference via adaptive bounded self-speculation and layer-wise confidence calibration while preserving exact output equivalence.
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UniRec: Bridging the Expressive Gap between Generative and Discriminative Recommendation via Chain-of-Attribute
UniRec bridges the expressive gap in generative recommendation by prefixing semantic ID sequences with structured attribute tokens, recovering explicit feature crossing and yielding +22.6% HR@50 gains plus online lifts in PVCTR, orders, and GMV.
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ViLL-E: Video LLM Embeddings for Retrieval
ViLL-E introduces a dynamic embedding mechanism and joint contrastive-generative training for VideoLLMs, delivering up to 7% gains in temporal localization and 4% in video retrieval while enabling new zero-shot capabilities.
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Narrative-Driven Paper-to-Slide Generation via ArcDeck
ArcDeck models paper-to-slide generation as narrative reconstruction using discourse parsing and multi-agent refinement, plus a new ArcBench benchmark, to improve flow and coherence over direct summarization.
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AutoSurrogate: An LLM-Driven Multi-Agent Framework for Autonomous Construction of Deep Learning Surrogate Models in Subsurface Flow
AutoSurrogate is a multi-agent LLM framework that autonomously constructs, tunes, and validates deep learning surrogates for subsurface flow from natural language, outperforming expert baselines on a 3D carbon storage task.
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Learning Long-term Motion Embeddings for Efficient Kinematics Generation
A 64x temporally compressed motion embedding learned from trackers enables efficient conditional flow-matching generation of long-term motions that outperform video models and task-specific methods.
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EdgeCIM: A Hardware-Software Co-Design for CIM-Based Acceleration of Small Language Models
A CIM-based hardware-software co-design in 65nm achieves up to 7.3x higher throughput and 49.59x better energy efficiency than NVIDIA Orin Nano for LLaMA3.2-1B, averaging 336 tokens/s and 173 tokens/J under INT4 across multiple SLMs.