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The valence quark, sea, and gluon content of the pion from the parton distribution functions and the electromagnetic form factor

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arxiv 2303.01789 v2 pith:2IMOBLAL submitted 2023-03-03 hep-ph hep-exnucl-exnucl-th

Barbara Pasquini (Pavia U & INFN-Pavia) , Simone Rodini (École Polytechnique , CPHT) , Simone Venturini (Pavia U & INFN-Pavia) This is my paper
classification hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th
keywords pionelectromagneticfactorformfunctionsdistributionpartonpdfs
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We present a light-front model calculation of the pion parton distribution functions (PDFs) and the pion electromagnetic form factor. The pion state is modeled in terms of light-front wave functions (LFWFs) for the $q\bar q$, $q\bar q q\bar q$, $q\bar q g$, and $q\bar q gg$ components. We design the LFWFs so that the parameters in the longitudinal and transverse momentum space enter separately in the fit of the pion PDFs and the electromagnetic form factor, respectively. We extract the pion PDFs within the xFitter framework using available Drell-Yan and photon-production data. With the obtained parameters in the longitudinal-momentum space, we then fit the available experimental data on the pion electromagnetic form factor to constrain the remaining parameters in the transverse-momentum space. The results for the pion PDFs are compatible with existing extractions and lattice calculations, and the fit to the pion electromagnetic form factor data works quite successfully. The obtained parametrization for the LFWFs marks a step forward towards a unified description of different hadron distribution functions in both the longitudinal- and transverse-momentum space and will be further applied to a phenomenological study of transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions and generalized parton distributions.

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Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. New insights from the flavor dependence of quark transverse momentum distributions in the pion

    hep-ph 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    First flavor-dependent extraction of unpolarized quark TMDs in the pion, finding a wider transverse momentum tail for valence d quarks than for sea quarks, with large uncertainties.

  2. Gradient flow for parton distribution functions: first application to the pion

    hep-lat 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Pion PDF moment ratios up to <x^5> were extracted from lattice QCD with gradient flow and agree with phenomenological fits.

  3. All-charm tetraquarks at hadron colliders: A high-precision fragmentation perspective

    hep-ph 2026-04 accept novelty 5.5 of 10

    TQ4Q2.0 supplies the first complete, uncertainty-quantified set of NRQCD-based fragmentation functions for all-heavy tetraquarks, including nonconstituent channels and public grids for jet-associated production.

  4. Pion parton distribution functions and pion-nucleus induced $J/\psi$ production in extended light-front holographic QCD

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Pion PDFs from holographic light-front QCD are consistent with global analyses and produce J/ψ cross sections matching experimental data across energies and targets.

  5. All-charm tetraquarks at hadron colliders: A high-precision fragmentation perspective

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    The authors construct and publicly release the TQ4Q2.0 fragmentation functions for all-heavy S-wave tetraquarks via NRQCD factorization, extending prior work with nonconstituent contributions and replica-based uncertainties.

  6. Pion parton distribution functions and pion-nucleus induced $J/\psi$ production in extended light-front holographic QCD

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    Pion PDFs derived from holographic light-front wave functions yield NLO J/ψ production cross sections in pion-nucleus collisions that agree with data.

  7. Extraction of Pion Unpolarized Quark Generalized Parton Distribution from Charge Form Factors

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    Pion unpolarized quark GPDs at zero skewness are extracted from a data-driven fit to the electromagnetic form factor and PDFs using a parameterized form factor embedded in a PDF-plus-profile GPD framework.

  8. An Analysis on the Parton Distribution Functions of Heavy Mesons

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    Light-cone quark model PDFs for kaon and heavy mesons are evolved via NLO DGLAP to predict EIC structure functions and COMPASS Drell-Yan cross sections while showing heavy constituents dominate momentum fractions.

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