Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 51 of 51 outbound references and 39 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2501.04682.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.04682 v1

Coverage vector

measured 51 of 51 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.710562Z

measured 90 of 90 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 39 of 39 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:08:27.062988Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

51 of 51 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy19
unresolved32
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

2
pith, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 55614dbc-f940-453c-bec9-a89584f90594 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.483933Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f1739aee-9a4a-41c7-a883-8a596e57e653 · outbound

This paper cites (23) In this formulation, the model will not learn to generate a solution, requiring the use of a separate step to summarize the search process into a final solution.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought (23) In this formulation, the model will not learn to generate a solution, requiring the use of a separate step to summarize the search process into a final solution

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.468389Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation fd07db51-b5e2-4280-aeca-c6bb4f289934 · outbound

This paper cites Strategic Reasoning with Language Models.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Strategic Reasoning with Language Models

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.494670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6a4b70d3-068d-4f5f-80dd-50c616b3973c · outbound

This paper cites simulation.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought simulation

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.438602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9058365a-e13b-41f1-b6d5-d771bf840bb0 · outbound

This paper cites Beyond A*: Better Planning with Transformers via Search Dynamics Bootstrapping.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Beyond A*: Better Planning with Transformers via Search Dynamics Bootstrapping

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.504790Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a157908c-c097-4e61-8803-b759b590d386 · outbound

This paper cites To handle this, we can mask incorrect steps/branches in the above loss ℒ(𝜃) = min 𝜃 −E(q,Z,S)∼𝒟train ⎡ ⎣ |Z|∑︁ 𝑖=1 𝐼{z𝑖+1∈ S} log 𝜋𝜃(z𝑖+1|Z𝑖, q) ⎤ ⎦.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought To handle this, we can mask incorrect steps/branches in the above loss ℒ(𝜃) = min 𝜃 −E(q,Z,S)∼𝒟train ⎡ ⎣ |Z|∑︁ 𝑖=1 𝐼{z𝑖+1∈ S} log 𝜋𝜃(z𝑖+1|Z𝑖, q) ⎤ ⎦

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.452931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 372eec14-2950-48f9-ada0-808ad41c948a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.423944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5f3ad01d-136f-47b4-b8b2-1e1df8e956b7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.408944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0cfdc1eb-392c-4ad9-bd97-aef2f0281601 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.395041Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 46dbb544-ce2f-4977-b924-19a625fa92a3 · outbound

This paper cites 0.0 Alternatively.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.0 Alternatively

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.381115Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 372d4e9b-c6d4-4b25-902b-ee2a9f1f1ee1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.365929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 68e1aced-dd97-435d-a3bb-a9c271376a7b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.351899Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2ff2bd1f-5e4e-4c10-8a93-891f477faf26 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.336955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 53b19ea1-3505-4aa9-828a-351233c962c6 · outbound

This paper cites 0.0 Alternatively.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.0 Alternatively

Reference 18

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.316704Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c5fcc718-0f9b-467b-8900-f561b9e35279 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.301040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0d67f6a9-ba90-4aa0-8972-30601a2a67a2 · outbound

This paper cites This pattern continues until the last member, who has only 1 option left.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought This pattern continues until the last member, who has only 1 option left

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.287054Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation c86f69eb-53a4-4919-816f-a553bbb88e58 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.273510Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4a8c7fa7-c3ed-424c-a9de-0b920e0af3e8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.259657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8ee345e1-1ed8-457e-b306-19bc7b0be126 · outbound

This paper cites This means that the second person has 11 choices.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought This means that the second person has 11 choices

Reference 23

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.242004Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5a9e06f3-d4c5-45e6-b3f7-26b668015c22 · outbound

This paper cites 0.0 65 Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Alternatively.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.0 65 Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Alternatively

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.223766Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f8af18b5-386c-4418-8023-e132c72d2782 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.208984Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1710cfb2-87ee-4d80-a304-724156f987e5 · outbound

This paper cites This gives 2 options for the second person.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought This gives 2 options for the second person

Reference 26

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.194991Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 81cb25c4-cf5f-4960-a5d9-04ce547c64f2 · outbound

This paper cites This gives 2 options for the third person, but we need to consider the case where the second person moved, so there's only 1 additional option for the third person.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought This gives 2 options for the third person, but we need to consider the case where the second person moved, so there's only 1 additional option for the third person

Reference 27

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.180612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 22108f74-f6ee-4d8f-bbf8-d7a313f9f3fc · outbound

This paper cites decision point.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought decision point

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.165235Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 59c0539f-70be-4a9e-951c-ece3feaa94f0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.150512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2639d50b-645c-48b5-acd1-ebc65b2db4b2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.135063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ab244d9a-f143-46d1-9777-c861ef48536c · outbound

This paper cites 0.046875 The pattern continues until the last person, who always has only 1 option.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.046875 The pattern continues until the last person, who always has only 1 option

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.120590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 84172cab-feaf-47d5-843d-d368ce51b74b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.107084Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 964890b6-2971-4cf2-ab7d-76b9652623ff · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.092497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 54407608-aff4-46b7-8b08-3bb90de9e30c · outbound

This paper cites 0.015625 To determine the number of ways the jury can be seated, we need to consider the following steps: 0.01171875.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.015625 To determine the number of ways the jury can be seated, we need to consider the following steps: 0.01171875

Reference 34

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.078587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 9edd5251-bb20-4176-beed-527befbec73c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.048760Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation f843ece3-a5f0-476a-8851-300337fea477 · outbound

This paper cites 0.046875 Let's represent this using Python code to calculate the number of different ways the jury can be seated.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.046875 Let's represent this using Python code to calculate the number of different ways the jury can be seated

Reference 37

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.033971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 99ef2542-0d99-48a2-83ca-899f0bbe0cba · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.019360Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 847cf571-9eda-42cf-8641-a994965fdbeb · outbound

This paper cites 0.04296875 It seems there was an issue with the initial state of the dynamic programming approach.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.04296875 It seems there was an issue with the initial state of the dynamic programming approach

Reference 39

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.004840Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d594a3c8-5354-411a-9b9e-0eca6e19a043 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.989182Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2e095092-6968-4035-a66c-c49fd7e73224 · outbound

This paper cites 0.046875 Let's re-implement the logic more carefully: 0.046875.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.046875 Let's re-implement the logic more carefully: 0.046875

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.974005Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d3cf6c9a-28d6-4732-a081-0d7844f103a8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.957889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 8d793347-f22e-4238-8ee9-c5ef3c27118e · outbound

This paper cites 0.04296875 Let's reconsider the logic and the initialization of the DP table: 0.0546875 Here's an updated approach: 0.04296875.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought 0.04296875 Let's reconsider the logic and the initialization of the DP table: 0.0546875 Here's an updated approach: 0.04296875

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.940590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3c73b5d9-45fa-419b-b98b-3c2f91504dae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.923628Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a646f3f9-bfb3-402c-a2bc-18860d48b7e5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.910307Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 589a7009-0b52-4e60-95ae-98c6cc1c870c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.895776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation d47ca26d-d35b-4556-9d0f-0bf7ccbd69c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.063794Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ce512472-3a06-44bd-ac7f-da76aff519fb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.879037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0168eada-a72a-463f-a843-12970bc78d3e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.863981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e047fcfc-c841-4a25-88be-759ef3f3c423 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.849136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 85f59b34-7740-40ce-b5f0-b43b191c126c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.834630Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation cd65c577-2a5a-492c-9062-06931078bbc2 · outbound

This paper cites other real numbers.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought other real numbers

Reference 52

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.819603Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 6db28aa4-7bde-4002-a0fa-75a77a7a52c8 · outbound

This paper cites Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes

Reference 2013

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.499956Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0148582c-79e7-4f2f-b802-7749504fb2bc · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Monkeys: Scaling Inference Compute with Repeated Sampling.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Large Language Monkeys: Scaling Inference Compute with Repeated Sampling

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.483287Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b0f33ea5-0f85-459c-9a59-37c5aef995cb · outbound

This paper cites Jeffrey L Elman.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought Jeffrey L Elman

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:39.498599Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3c2b4f18-2d8a-4f10-a38a-285196c12f6a · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models.

Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:31:38.510018Z

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Pith citing papers

Observation 8bfa863d-6e8e-441f-8bf1-1d4aeaf68823 · inbound

Adversarial Reasoning at Jailbreaking Time cites this paper.

Adversarial Reasoning at Jailbreaking Time Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:49:08.848136Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1d7d5871-f5a4-48c6-919a-71dabc5f150f · inbound

Metastable Dynamics of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: Provable Benefits of Search, RL and Distillation cites this paper.

Metastable Dynamics of Chain-of-Thought Reasoning: Provable Benefits of Search, RL and Distillation Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T17:37:40.799741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 04a629f7-ff2c-4e73-a168-ca0f29f98e55 · inbound

On the Emergence of Thinking in LLMs I: Searching for the Right Intuition cites this paper.

On the Emergence of Thinking in LLMs I: Searching for the Right Intuition Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T14:25:53.592132Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d42c829-c4b4-42f6-891e-3213d9c493c7 · inbound

CodeI/O: Condensing Reasoning Patterns via Code Input-Output Prediction cites this paper.

CodeI/O: Condensing Reasoning Patterns via Code Input-Output Prediction Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 46

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T13:11:51.767100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 256165f8-9fdd-418e-bf86-fc992171ebd7 · inbound

From System 1 to System 2: A Survey of Reasoning Large Language Models cites this paper.

From System 1 to System 2: A Survey of Reasoning Large Language Models Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 49

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T01:36:24.604401Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 247b2d95-bd10-49f6-a353-eb33305b3478 · inbound

OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Coding cites this paper.

OpenCodeReasoning: Advancing Data Distillation for Competitive Coding Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 24

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T19:21:42.185923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 13d59eb0-efc0-4df1-b3e2-b9aa560dd2f3 · inbound

Evaluating Multi-Hop Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Chemistry-Centric Case Study cites this paper.

Evaluating Multi-Hop Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Chemistry-Centric Case Study Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:08:27.062988Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4dcc5592-b690-4986-a571-0d356895bd88 · inbound

From LLM Reasoning to Autonomous AI Agents: A Comprehensive Review cites this paper.

From LLM Reasoning to Autonomous AI Agents: A Comprehensive Review Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 233

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T02:57:38.188188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 007cd9e1-c964-4d72-b0c1-324c490d9653 · inbound

Crosslingual Reasoning through Test-Time Scaling cites this paper.

Crosslingual Reasoning through Test-Time Scaling Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:08:00.424521Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 96ff42be-c498-4d2f-88a8-fb9c87f065f1 · inbound

Position Paper: Bounded Alignment: What (Not) To Expect From AGI Agents cites this paper.

Position Paper: Bounded Alignment: What (Not) To Expect From AGI Agents Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:51:06.668503Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 72dc2695-d719-40a8-b2e9-7ebd9677ce84 · inbound

LLM-based Automated Theorem Proving Hinges on Scalable Synthetic Data Generation cites this paper.

LLM-based Automated Theorem Proving Hinges on Scalable Synthetic Data Generation Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:50:26.122396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1189bdc3-20cf-4933-abe3-eb27f0a95585 · inbound

Automatic Dataset Generation for Knowledge Intensive Question Answering Tasks cites this paper.

Automatic Dataset Generation for Knowledge Intensive Question Answering Tasks Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T15:42:41.245910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 13e43f31-d822-4b72-a7f6-63725eaf9c21 · inbound

Stepwise Reasoning Checkpoint Analysis: A Test Time Scaling Method to Enhance LLMs' Reasoning cites this paper.

Stepwise Reasoning Checkpoint Analysis: A Test Time Scaling Method to Enhance LLMs' Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:45:19.472575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 04384deb-b68a-49d0-904e-743caf9baf8e · inbound

Which Data Attributes Stimulate Math and Code Reasoning? An Investigation via Influence Functions cites this paper.

Which Data Attributes Stimulate Math and Code Reasoning? An Investigation via Influence Functions Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:07:49.488600Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b8eb9a20-a1c3-4105-b6bf-bd2cdb7a5227 · inbound

Chain-of-Thought for Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Survey and Future Prospects cites this paper.

Chain-of-Thought for Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Survey and Future Prospects Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:02:52.066758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8f039778-8cbe-4d26-bb60-f9b10116127f · inbound

Don't Think Longer, Think Wisely: Optimizing Thinking Dynamics for Large Reasoning Models cites this paper.

Don't Think Longer, Think Wisely: Optimizing Thinking Dynamics for Large Reasoning Models Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:30:22.966069Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1d84176a-66b9-479c-be9c-215a0d76e0bd · inbound

Evaluation of LLMs for mathematical problem solving cites this paper.

Evaluation of LLMs for mathematical problem solving Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 107

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:11:10.909618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 79876e20-bc1d-4a1e-be92-fa16de0f8d84 · inbound

Just Enough Thinking: Efficient Reasoning with Adaptive Length Penalties Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

Just Enough Thinking: Efficient Reasoning with Adaptive Length Penalties Reinforcement Learning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T10:28:31.296126Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 45d72fcc-112d-4e52-9821-6762d0f869d5 · inbound

Boosting LLM Reasoning via Spontaneous Self-Correction cites this paper.

Boosting LLM Reasoning via Spontaneous Self-Correction Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:51:30.733420Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a5f89e6b-bcec-48fd-9ae1-d4c9ec9005eb · inbound

Can LLMs Generate Good Stories? Insights and Challenges from a Narrative Planning Perspective cites this paper.

Can LLMs Generate Good Stories? Insights and Challenges from a Narrative Planning Perspective Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T04:38:21.180225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0e2059b1-2d5c-40fa-9711-59a7e9ad626a · inbound

QFFT, Question-Free Fine-Tuning for Adaptive Reasoning cites this paper.

QFFT, Question-Free Fine-Tuning for Adaptive Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:13:19.653697Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e719be4-ba21-4113-98e0-ea540a68ee6d · inbound

ASTRO: Teaching Language Models to Reason by Reflecting and Backtracking In-Context cites this paper.

ASTRO: Teaching Language Models to Reason by Reflecting and Backtracking In-Context Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T21:21:41.978513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3a202bf3-a2d3-4ef3-ada5-668443b92403 · inbound

Understanding Human Limits in Pattern Recognition: A Computational Model of Sequential Reasoning in Rock, Paper, Scissors cites this paper.

Understanding Human Limits in Pattern Recognition: A Computational Model of Sequential Reasoning in Rock, Paper, Scissors Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T14:26:03.628070Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3024f050-71e9-454f-a12e-4f5c0ca8f254 · inbound

STARec: An Efficient Agent Framework for Recommender Systems via Autonomous Deliberate Reasoning cites this paper.

STARec: An Efficient Agent Framework for Recommender Systems via Autonomous Deliberate Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T16:15:27.565145Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 12716f24-d199-44e6-a838-6115cd11bfe8 · inbound

SWIRL: A Staged Workflow for Interleaved Reinforcement Learning in Mobile GUI Control cites this paper.

SWIRL: A Staged Workflow for Interleaved Reinforcement Learning in Mobile GUI Control Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 60

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T15:18:57.675232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ab711e7b-bdbb-47bc-9862-8bbd970643c5 · inbound

Emergent Slow Thinking in LLMs as Inverse Tree Freezing cites this paper.

Emergent Slow Thinking in LLMs as Inverse Tree Freezing Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 46

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T12:46:24.254006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7759d371-465d-42e6-a4e0-5715fa22c1b2 · inbound

Can Large Language Models Generalize Procedures Across Representations? cites this paper.

Can Large Language Models Generalize Procedures Across Representations? Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T05:01:00.667656Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cb91586b-ee73-4db7-b113-bb1c61aaa225 · inbound

Metacognitive Behavioral Tuning of Large Language Models for Multi-Hop Question Answering cites this paper.

Metacognitive Behavioral Tuning of Large Language Models for Multi-Hop Question Answering Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T19:36:32.774090Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 5b04ef12-ae1c-4829-ae52-2ab6d720433b · inbound

AdverMCTS: Combating Pseudo-Correctness in Code Generation via Adversarial Monte Carlo Tree Search cites this paper.

AdverMCTS: Combating Pseudo-Correctness in Code Generation via Adversarial Monte Carlo Tree Search Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 53

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T08:40:57.471120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 33d398e5-8c71-4645-b9c0-b7f2ee423585 · inbound

The role of System 1 and System 2 semantic memory structure in human and LLM biases cites this paper.

The role of System 1 and System 2 semantic memory structure in human and LLM biases Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 80

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T11:31:01.953584Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 721e6429-bce1-4b85-b247-02a43b4f540a · inbound

HEALing Entropy Collapse: Enhancing Exploration in Few-Shot RLVR via Hybrid-Domain Entropy Dynamics Alignment cites this paper.

HEALing Entropy Collapse: Enhancing Exploration in Few-Shot RLVR via Hybrid-Domain Entropy Dynamics Alignment Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 68

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T05:25:55.197063Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 2bc966ce-8d80-4f03-9f9e-fa2c590e86da · inbound

Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Stabilized Knowledge Distillation for Cross--Language Code Clone Detection cites this paper.

Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: Stabilized Knowledge Distillation for Cross--Language Code Clone Detection Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 52

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T06:55:41.618176Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 393e81c2-649a-4ec1-9997-8d24228a4c01 · inbound

Selective Latent Thinking: Adaptive Compression of LLM Reasoning Chains cites this paper.

Selective Latent Thinking: Adaptive Compression of LLM Reasoning Chains Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T21:43:59.096395Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7b945b25-ef91-42fe-93d5-30762f7f5493 · inbound

Latent Reward Steering: An Adaptive Inference-Time Framework that Implicitly Promotes Cognitive Behaviors in Reasoning LLMs cites this paper.

Latent Reward Steering: An Adaptive Inference-Time Framework that Implicitly Promotes Cognitive Behaviors in Reasoning LLMs Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 15

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-28T19:52:35.564696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 005d2321-65cf-4fe6-bfb0-abdf0b108bdb · inbound

Adaptive Latent Agentic Reasoning cites this paper.

Adaptive Latent Agentic Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 4

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T23:26:22.287107Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 4da3fa61-6b23-4657-b548-f6c13b8f5957 · inbound

VTI-CoT: Visual-Textual Interleaved Chain of Thought for Video Reasoning cites this paper.

VTI-CoT: Visual-Textual Interleaved Chain of Thought for Video Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 43

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T12:46:56.796999Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 48f844cf-f839-4a2e-a473-f01a4b005141 · inbound

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes cites this paper.

The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 270

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-27T13:00:56.106338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 858cd4ae-daa6-4bae-83d1-ee2133bf73a1 · inbound

When Does In-Context Search Help? A Sampling-Complexity Theory of Reflection-Driven Reasoning cites this paper.

When Does In-Context Search Help? A Sampling-Complexity Theory of Reflection-Driven Reasoning Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 37

Resolution: metadata mismatch; local_arxiv, observed 2026-07-10T22:47:36.883086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 7ec64dce-f88e-4901-979b-9c89215a189c · inbound

LA-RL: Label-Aware Self-Reflection for Reinforcement Learning in Information Extraction cites this paper.

LA-RL: Label-Aware Self-Reflection for Reinforcement Learning in Information Extraction Towards System 2 Reasoning in LLMs: Learning How to Think With Meta Chain-of-Thought

Reference 168

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-30T22:49:43.471344Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.