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arxiv 2506.16406 v1 pith:D4EVPVXM submitted 2025-06-19 cs.LG cs.AI

Drag-and-Drop LLMs: Zero-Shot Prompt-to-Weights

classification cs.LG cs.AI
keywords llmsloratextbfadaptationdrag-and-dropfine-tuningfullgithub
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Modern Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA) reduce the cost of customizing large language models (LLMs), yet still require a separate optimization run for every downstream dataset. We introduce \textbf{Drag-and-Drop LLMs (\textit{DnD})}, a prompt-conditioned parameter generator that eliminates per-task training by mapping a handful of unlabeled task prompts directly to LoRA weight updates. A lightweight text encoder distills each prompt batch into condition embeddings, which are then transformed by a cascaded hyper-convolutional decoder into the full set of LoRA matrices. Once trained in a diverse collection of prompt-checkpoint pairs, DnD produces task-specific parameters in seconds, yielding i) up to \textbf{12,000$\times$} lower overhead than full fine-tuning, ii) average gains up to \textbf{30\%} in performance over the strongest training LoRAs on unseen common-sense reasoning, math, coding, and multimodal benchmarks, and iii) robust cross-domain generalization despite never seeing the target data or labels. Our results demonstrate that prompt-conditioned parameter generation is a viable alternative to gradient-based adaptation for rapidly specializing LLMs. Our project is available at \href{https://jerryliang24.github.io/DnD}{https://jerryliang24.github.io/DnD}.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Robotic Policy Adaptation via Weight-Space Meta-Learning

    cs.RO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    WIZARD meta-learns to map task evidence directly to LoRA updates for VLA policies, reporting up to 14x gains on unseen tasks in simulation and real-robot experiments without test-time optimization or action labels.

  2. Generative Adaptation of Dynamics to Environmental Shifts via Weight-space Diffusion

    cs.CE 2025-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    DynaDiff uses weight-graph diffusion with a functional consistency loss and dynamics-informed prompting to generate adapted predictors, reporting 10.78% average accuracy gains over baselines while amortizing adaptatio...

  3. Learning Only What Valid Adapters Can Express: Subspace-Constrained Adaptation Against Fine-Tuning Poisoning

    cs.LG 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Restricting LoRA fine-tuning to the subspace of 196 trusted adapters blocks label-inversion poisoning and provides a built-in OOD signal, at the cost of a plasticity ceiling on poorly-covered tasks.

  4. Prompt2Fingerprint: Plug-and-Play LLM Fingerprinting via Text-to-Weight Generation

    cs.CR 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    P2F generates low-rank parameter increments for LLM fingerprinting directly from textual descriptions in a single forward pass.

  5. How LoRA Remembers? A Parametric Memory Law for LLM Finetuning

    cs.CL 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Introduces Parametric Memory Law as power law for LoRA memory capacity and MemFT threshold-guided optimization for better memory fidelity.

  6. SOLAR: A Self-Optimizing Open-Ended Autonomous Agent for Lifelong Learning and Continual Adaptation

    cs.AI 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    SOLAR introduces a self-optimizing agent using meta-learning on model weights and RL-driven strategy discovery for lifelong adaptation in LLMs, claiming superior performance on reasoning tasks across domains.