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arxiv 2110.02821 v3 pith:EI6AYYVG submitted 2021-10-06 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter Candidates

classification astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph
keywords blackholesdarklargematterodotpbhsprimordial
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We review the formation and evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) and their possible contribution to dark matter. Various constraints suggest they could only provide most of it in the mass windows $10^{17}$ - $10^{23}\,$g or $10$ - $10^{2}\,M_{\odot}$, with the last possibility perhaps being suggested by the LIGO/Virgo observations. However, PBHs could have important consequences even if they have a low cosmological density. Sufficiently large ones might generate cosmic structures and provide seeds for the supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. Planck-mass relics of PBH evaporations or stupendously large black holes bigger than $10^{12}\,M_{\odot}$ could also be an interesting dark component.

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Cited by 22 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. The swallowed spike: the formation of light primordial black hole structures around heavy seeds

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Light PBHs around heavy primordial seeds form significantly less dense inner cores than particle DM because no studied torque mechanism prevents capture.

  2. Primordial black hole in Lorentz-violating theories: Insights from Bumblebee gravity

    gr-qc 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Bumblebee gravity enhances primordial black hole abundance through three mechanisms, but the model harbors a ghost instability and a tachyonic instability that make it cosmologically unviable.

  3. Entanglement, Discord, and Residual Coherence in Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves

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    Residual anomalous coherence in scalar perturbations imprints on scalar-induced tensor modes, producing a correlated gravitational-wave background with nontrivial covariance and phase structure instead of a simple spe...

  4. The Gravitational Spectral Radio Forest: A Signature of Primordial Black Holes

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Asteroid-mass primordial black holes induce a Riemann tidal splitting of the 2P_{3/2} hydrogen state, turning the 9.9 GHz line into a ~2 GHz bandwidth gravitational spectral radio forest in H II regions with accretion...

  5. Gravitational Waves from a Black Hole Falling Radially into a Thin-Shell Traversable Wormhole

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    Analytic gravitational waveforms from radial test-particle infall into a thin-shell traversable wormhole exhibit a characteristic pulse-gap structure from repeated throat crossings and lie within reach of ground-based...

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    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

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  7. Nonperturbative stochastic inflation in perturbative dynamical background

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    Derives stochastic equations from Schwinger-Keldysh formalism that include quantum diffusion and classical metric perturbations for non-perturbative ultra-slow-roll inflation, validated on Starobinsky and critical Hig...

  8. High-energy neutrino constraints on primordial black holes as dark matter

    astro-ph.HE 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    High-energy neutrino telescopes constrain sub-asteroid mass primordial black holes with extended mass functions as dark matter, yielding limits slightly weaker than but independent of gamma-ray bounds.

  9. Isotropy, anisotropies and non-Gaussianity in the scalar-induced gravitational-wave background: diagrammatic approach for primordial non-Gaussianity up to arbitrary order

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Extends diagrammatic approach for scalar-induced gravitational waves to arbitrary-order local PNG, deriving semi-analytic spectra for energy density, anisotropies, bispectrum and trispectrum up to quartic terms.

  10. Gravitational ultra-relativistic freeze-out during general reheating

    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Generalizes UFO to T ~ a^{-ξ} and introduces GUFO from gravitational production, extending DM mass reach to 10^7 GeV for n=2 in matter-like reheating.

  11. $\tt BlackHawk$ $\tt v3.0$: Hawking Radiation from Regular Black Holes

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    BlackHawk v3.0 adds Hawking temperatures and greybody factors for multiple regular black hole metrics to an existing public code via numerical routines.

  12. Primordial black holes in excursion set theory: Formation probabilities, mass functions, and window functions

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    In excursion set theory with colored noises, the low-mass tail of the PBH mass function differs from Carr's formula because correlated noises end the degeneracy of formation probabilities, though Carr's formula remain...

  13. Dynamical black holes in the inflationary epoch

    gr-qc 2026-03 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Only black holes with initial masses in a narrow range formed during inflation survive to the present day, reaching a maximum mass of approximately 1.043 times 10 to the minus 3 solar masses.

  14. Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from Galactic Diffuse Synchrotron Emissions

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 5.0

    Galactic synchrotron emissions above 20 MHz can set tighter upper limits on the abundance of primordial black holes with masses above 10^16 grams than previous cosmic-ray electron data.

  15. The Sensitivity of PUEO to Cosmogenic Neutrinos and Exotic Physics Scenarios

    astro-ph.HE 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PUEO will constrain the proton fraction of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays under strong source evolution and set leading neutrino constraints on ultraheavy dark matter decays and some cosmic string models above 10^19 eV.

  16. Primordial black hole formation in bulk-viscous cosmology

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Bulk viscosity raises the critical collapse threshold for primordial black holes by an amount comparable to the viscosity strength and increases the resulting black hole masses.

  17. Synergy between CSST and future gravitational-wave detectors: Probing primordial black holes by cross-correlating dark sirens with galaxies

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Cross-correlating CSST galaxies with mock GW catalogs from ET2CE and BDET2CE networks can detect PBH merger fractions above ~40% and ~20% respectively via clustering bias differences.

  18. Anomaly-driven evaporation endpoints of a two-dimensional regular black hole

    hep-th 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    The FFN dilaton-coupled anomaly model applied to the 2D Bardeen-like black hole enforces r_∞=√2 ℓ for quiescent finite-radius branches and excludes most null branches except the borderline p=2 power-law case under str...

  19. Late-Time Cosmology and Structure Formation in Quadratic $f(Q)$ Gravity

    physics.gen-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Quadratic f(Q) gravity adds an H^4 term to the Friedmann equation and introduces a time-dependent G_eff that suppresses linear growth and halo abundance, offering a modified-gravity route to easing the S8 tension.

  20. Effects of formation channels and gravitational lensing on stochastic gravitational wave background

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Using HBI on GWTC-4 data the authors compute lensed SGWBs for ABHs and PBHs and conclude that LIGO and ET can distinguish the two formation channels in specific frequency ranges, with ET offering broader coverage.

  21. Precision Analysis for $\boldsymbol{H_0}$ Using Upcoming Multi-band Gravitational Wave Observations

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Multi-band GW observations of PBHs can reduce H0 uncertainty to ≲2 km/s/Mpc (conservative) or O(0.1) km/s/Mpc (optimistic) via Fisher forecasts on M_PBH and f_PBH.

  22. Primordial Black Holes: A Review of Formation and Evolution

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    Review of PBH formation via compaction function and relativistic thresholds in FLRW backgrounds, arguing that memory burden and curvature corrections halt evaporation to leave Planck-scale relics.