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Review of the QCD sum rules for exotic states
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Review of the QCD sum rules for exotic states
abstract
We review the exotic states, such as the $X$, $Y$, $Z$, $T$ and $P$ states, and present their possible assignments based on the QCD sum rules. We present many predictions which can be confronted to the experimental data in the future to diagnose the exotic states. Furthermore, we also mention other theoretical methods.
Forward citations
Cited by 26 Pith papers
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An improved moment QCD sum rule
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The $D_{s1}(2460)$ and other open-charm $1^+$ states in relativistic chiral effective field theory
Relativistic U(3) chiral EFT at NLO yields scattering lengths that match lattice data and identifies D_s1(2460) as an SU(3) triplet bound-state pole and D1(2430) as a triplet-sextet pole pair, none of which are conven...
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Spin-dependent interactions and fine structure in the negative-parity singly heavy baryons
A new two-step Gaussian expansion method enables high-precision calculation of fine structure in negative-parity singly heavy baryons via the relativized quark model, reproducing data to <5 MeV average deviation.
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Systematic analysis of the transition form factors of $B_c$ to $D$-wave charmonia and corresponding semileptonic decays
A QCD sum-rule calculation predicts B_c semileptonic branching ratios to D-wave charmonia of order 10^-3 (ψ1), 10^-4 (ψ2 and η_c2), and 10^-5 (ψ3), decreasing with final-state angular momentum.
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Low-lying singly heavy baryon states based on the rigorous calculation with the relativized quark model
A quark-model calculation with rigorous orbital mixing reproduces 74 singly heavy baryon masses with an average deviation of 6.96 MeV.
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Diffusion Monte Carlo study of deuteron-like fully light hexaquarks
Within the AL1 constituent-quark model, compact uuuddd hexaquarks lie well above baryon–baryon thresholds while dibaryon-like states are near-threshold molecular candidates, one deuteron-like but unbound by ~12 MeV.
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Possibility of the antibottom-strange molecular pentaquarks near $ B\Sigma$ and $ B^*\Sigma$ thresholds
Coupled-channel OBE dynamics with S–D mixing produce three near-threshold poles dominated by BΣ/B*Σ that should show as narrow enhancements in open Bs0N, BΛ and B*Λ channels.
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Symmetry Analysis of Compact Tetraquark States and Implications for the Level Ordering of the Fully Charmed Candidates $X(6600)$, $X(6900)$, and $X(7100)$
Counting symmetry-allowed states up to orbital angular momentum L=3 predicts low-lying compact tetraquarks prefer J^P=2^+, matching the observed 2^{++} fully charmed X states.
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Symmetry Analysis of Compact Tetraquark States and Implications for the Level Ordering of the Fully Charmed Candidates $X(6600)$, $X(6900)$, and $X(7100)$
Symmetry analysis of compact tetraquarks shows low-energy states favor J^P=2+ and places X(6600), X(6900), X(7100) among the lower levels of the fully charmed spectrum.
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Light tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ from QCD sum rules
QCD sum rules yield lowest masses of 1.53-2.34 GeV for light 1^{--} tetraquarks across isoscalar, isovector and isotensor sectors plus one 1^{-+} isotensor mass of 2.19 GeV.
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Vector charmonium(-like) states in the energy range of 4.1-4.6 GeV
A coupled-channel framework is developed and fitted to BESIII data on vector charmonium-like states in the 4.1-4.6 GeV range, concluding that coupled-channel effects with dynamically generated poles explain the line shapes.
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Determination of the $Z_c(3900)$ and the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ states from joint analysis of experimental and lattice data
Joint analysis of experimental and lattice data confirms Z_c(3900) and Z_cs(3985) as SU(3) flavor partners with pole masses (3879.6 ± 4.8) MeV and (3976.9 ± 5.1) MeV, half-widths (32.2 ± 4.7) MeV and (28.8 ± 5.9) MeV,...
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Coupled-channel study of the three-body $DDK$ and $D^{*}D^{*}K$
The DDK system supports a deeply bound compact state across wide parameters and possibly a shallow three-body halo state near the D-DK threshold, with negligible D*D*K coupling and no resonances.
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Hidden-charm $uds\,c\bar c$ pentaquarks as flavor eigenstates in a constituent quark model
Imposing the SU(3) flavor eigenstate condition on udsc c-bar pentaquarks in a constituent quark model yields two structures matching the masses of P_cs(4338) and P_cs(4459) plus two additional predicted states below t...
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Analysis of the semileptonic decays $\Sigma_b\to\Sigma_cl\bar{\nu}_l$, $\Xi'_b\to\Xi'_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ and $\Omega_b\to\Omega_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ in QCD sum rules
QCD sum-rule calculations predict Σ_b→Σ_c, Ξ'_b→Ξ'_c and Ω_b→Ω_c semileptonic widths that differ by less than 13%, supporting approximate SU(3) flavor symmetry.
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Hidden-charm and -bottom tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ via QCD sum rules
QCD sum rules predict masses of 4.72-4.88 GeV for four hidden-charm 1^{-+} tetraquarks and 10.99-11.16 GeV for their hidden-bottom counterparts.
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Observation and investigation of the $T_{c\bar{c}1}(4430)^{+}$ structure in $B^{+} \to \psi(2S) K_{\text{S}}^{0} \pi^{+}$ decays
First 4D amplitude analysis of B+ → ψ(2S) K_S0 π+ confirms the exotic T_{c c-bar 1}(4430)+ structure with properties consistent with prior observations in the isospin-related channel.
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Analysis of the hidden-charm pentaquark candidates in the $J/\psi \Lambda$ mass spectrum via the QCD sum rules
QCD sum rules yield masses for I=0 negative-parity udsc c-bar pentaquarks that match the P_cs(4338) and P_cs(4459) states.
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Analysis of the semileptonic decays $\Lambda_b\to\Lambda_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ and $\Xi_b\to\Xi_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ in QCD sum rules
A QCD sum rule analysis that includes negative parity baryon states and condensates up to dimension 8 obtains Lambda_b semileptonic branching ratios near 8 percent and predicts Xi_b rates near 14 percent.
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Decay constants of the two-pole $D_0^*(2300)$
Molecular two-pole D0*(2300) decay constants are 65 and 81 MeV—much smaller than compact c¯q estimates—and imply Cabibbo-favored b-hadron branching fractions of order 10^{-5}.
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QCD sum rule analysis of local meson-meson currents for the $K(1690)$ state
QCD sum rules with local meson-meson currents for the K(1690) consistently predict masses around 2 GeV or above, disfavoring a molecular interpretation in favor of a compact multiquark state.
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Three-body molecular states composed of $D^{(*)}$ and two nucleons
The DNN system forms a robust compact bound state in the I=1/2 (1^-) channel across cutoffs, while D*NN exhibits spin-dependent bound states in 0^-, 1^-, and 2^- channels with no resonances found.
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Mass Spectra of $\Lambda_Q\bar{\Sigma}_Q$ Hexaquark States in QCD Sum Rules
QCD sum rules predict Λ_c Σ_c hexaquark ground-state masses around 5.8 GeV, above threshold and consistent with no bound state observed by BESIII.
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Analysis of the hadronic molecules $DK$, $D^*K$, $DK^*$ and their bottom analogs with QCD sum rules
QCD sum rules yield masses 2.322 GeV (DK), 2.457 GeV (D*K), 2.538 GeV (DK*) matching D_s0(2317), D_s1(2460), D_s1(2536), with BK* at 6.158 GeV below threshold suggesting a bound state.
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Analysis of the semileptonic decays $\Sigma_b\to\Sigma_cl\bar{\nu}_l$, $\Xi'_b\to\Xi'_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ and $\Omega_b\to\Omega_cl\bar{\nu}_l$ in QCD sum rules
Electroweak form factors for Σ_b→Σ_c, Ξ'_b→Ξ'_c and Ω_b→Ω_c transitions are computed in QCD sum rules, producing decay widths that approximately obey SU(3) flavor symmetry along with branching ratios and new-physics p...
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Unquenched Charmonium and Beyond
This Lanzhou-group review argues that coupled-channel (unquenched) effects, not exotic constituents, are the common thread explaining charmonium anomalies from the rho-pi puzzle to the Y-problem states.
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