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Enhanced Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Oscillons

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arxiv 2204.07152 v2 pith:L5DT4FPO submitted 2022-04-14 astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th

Enhanced Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Oscillons

classification astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th
keywords inflationaryoscillon-inducedclassescosmicdemonstratefollowedgravitationalinflaton
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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In broad classes of inflationary models the period of accelerated expansion is followed by fragmentation of the inflaton scalar field into localized, long-lived and massive oscillon excitations. We demonstrate that matter-dominance of oscillons, followed by their rapid decay, significantly enhances the primordial gravitational wave (GW) spectrum. These oscillon-induced GWs, sourced by second-order perturbations, are distinct and could be orders of magnitude lower in frequency than the previously considered GWs associated with oscillon formation. We show that detectable oscillon-induced GW signatures establish direct tests independent from cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) for regions of parameter space of monodromy, logarithmic and pure natural (plateau) potential classes of inflationary models, among others. We demonstrate that oscillon-induced GWs in a model based on pure natural inflation could be directly observable with the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer and DECIGO. These signatures offer a new route for probing the underlying inflationary physics.

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