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Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
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Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
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Light primordial black holes may comprise a dominant fraction of the dark matter in our Universe. This paper critically assesses whether planned and future gravitational wave detectors in the ultra-high-frequency band could constrain the fraction of dark matter composed of sub-solar primordial black holes. Adopting the state-of-the-art description of primordial black hole merger rates, we compare various signals with currently operating and planned detectors. As already noted in the literature, our findings confirm that detecting individual primordial black hole mergers with currently existing and operating proposals remains difficult. Current proposals involving gravitational wave to electromagnetic wave conversion in a static magnetic field and microwave cavities feature a technology gap with respect to the loudest gravitational wave signals from primordial black holes of various orders of magnitude. However, we point out that one recent proposal involving resonant LC circuits represents the best option in terms of individual merger detection prospects in the range $(1\div 100) \, \text{MHz}$. In the same frequency range, we note that alternative setups involving resonant cavities, whose concept is currently under development, might represent a promising technology to detect individual merger events. We also show that a detection of the stochastic gravitational wave background produced by unresolved binaries is possible only if the theoretical sensitivity of the proposed Gaussian beam detector is achieved. Such a detector, whose feasibility is subject to various caveats, may be able to rule-out some scenarios for asteroidal mass primordial black hole dark matter. We conclude that pursuing dedicated studies and developments of gravitational wave detectors in the ultra-high-frequency band remains motivated and may lead to novel probes on the existence of light primordial black holes.
Forward citations
Cited by 11 Pith papers
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Primary gravitational waves at high frequencies II: Emergence of the exponential cut-off in the power spectrum
For infinitely differentiable effective potentials describing the post-inflation transition, the regularized power spectrum of primary gravitational waves exhibits exponential suppression at small scales.
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Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark mat...
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Constraints on High-Frequency Gravitational Waves from Graviton-Photon Conversion in the M87 Galaxy
Graviton–photon conversion in M87's magnetic field sets h_c and Ωgw h² limits 1–5 orders of magnitude tighter than Milky Way-based bounds across 10^10–10^27 Hz.
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Cavity Multimodes as an Array for High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
A 9-cell microwave cavity's 18 modes can act as a synthetic detector array that reconstructs the direction, polarization, and chirp of a high-frequency gravitational-wave signal.
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Graviton Floor
Photon-to-graviton conversion in blazar jets dominates a new graviton background that sets a floor for high-frequency GW detectors, analogous to the neutrino floor.
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Radio Emission from High-Frequency Gravitational Wave Point Sources
Radio telescopes outperform other experiments at detecting high-frequency gravitational waves from primordial black hole mergers and boson clouds through conversion to radio signals in magnetic fields.
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Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls
Tensor perturbations from FOPT and domain-wall sources are claimed to induce second-order scalar perturbations large enough to form primordial black holes, potentially all of the dark matter.
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Primary gravitational waves at high frequencies I: Origin of suppression in the power spectrum
Adiabatic regularization combined with smoothed transitions suppresses the high-frequency oscillations in the power spectrum of primary gravitational waves about a zero mean.
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Search for high-frequency gravitational waves via re-analysis of cavity axion data
Reanalysis of CAPP-12T axion data sets 90% CL limits on HFGW strain down to 3.9e-21 at 5.311 GHz and excludes certain 10^{-6} solar mass black holes within 0.01 AU via superradiance interpretation.
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Gravitational waves production during preheating within GB gravity with monomial coupling
In Gauss-Bonnet inflation with monomial potential and coupling, gravitational waves from preheating produce a present-day energy density spectrum consistent with Planck constraints when the coupling strength, equation...
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