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Superradiance: Axionic Couplings and Plasma Effects

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arxiv 2306.16447 v2 pith:YWRMVP2H submitted 2023-06-28 gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th

Superradiance: Axionic Couplings and Plasma Effects

classification gr-qc astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th
keywords couplingsaxionicblackplasmasuperradiancecloudcouplingelectromagnetic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Spinning black holes can transfer a significant fraction of their energy to ultralight bosonic fields via superradiance, condensing them in a co-rotating structure or "cloud". This mechanism turns black holes into powerful particle detectors for bosons with extremely feeble interactions. To explore its full potential, the couplings between such particles and the Maxwell field in the presence of plasma need to be understood. In this work, we study these couplings using numerical relativity. We first focus on the coupled axion-Maxwell system evolving on a black hole background. By taking into account the axionic coupling concurrently with the growth of the cloud, we observe for the first time that a new stage emerges: that of a stationary state where a constant flux of electromagnetic waves is fed by superradiance, for which we find accurate analytical estimates. Moreover, we show that the existence of electromagnetic instabilities in the presence of plasma is entirely controlled by the axionic coupling; even for dense plasmas, an instability is triggered for high enough couplings.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Constraining interacting dark energy models with black hole superradiance

    astro-ph.CO 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Black hole superradiance constrains the coupling strength in interacting dark energy-dark matter models through modifications to the effective mass of ultralight bosons in two scenarios.

  2. Quasi-bound states and late-time evolution of a massive fermion around a Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    Matrix matching yields improved quasi-bound spectra (fine structure + decay widths) for a massive Dirac field on RN, and branch-cut analysis plus simulations reveal an intermediate oscillatory power law followed by a ...

  3. Gravitational superfluorescence from superradiant axion clouds

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Superradiant axion clouds around black holes can undergo gravitational superfluorescence via a seeded coherent quadrupolar transition, leading to a detectable delayed gravitational-wave pulse.

  4. Stellar Superradiance and Low-Energy Absorption in Dense Nuclear Media

    hep-ph 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Collective nucleon scattering in neutron-star matter suppresses the effective absorption of ultralight bosons at the long wavelengths relevant for superradiance, weakening the link between stellar cooling bounds and s...