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Hydrodynamic sound shell model

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arxiv 2305.00074 v2 pith:ZYN2YCFR submitted 2023-04-28 gr-qc astro-ph.COhep-ph

Hydrodynamic sound shell model

classification gr-qc astro-ph.COhep-ph
keywords soundshellsearlyforcedmodelnumericalphasepropagating
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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For a cosmological first-order phase transition in the early Universe, the associated stochastic gravitational wave background is usually dominated by sound waves from plasma fluid motions, which have been analytically modeled as a random superposition of freely propagating sound shells but with the force by the scalar field that produces the self-similar profile removed. In this Letter, we propose a new analytic sound shell model by focusing on the forced propagating contribution from the initial collision stage of sound shells when their self-similar profiles are still maintained by the moving bubble walls. We reproduce the causal $k^3$ scaling in the infrared consistent with numerical simulations, and also recover the broad dome in the power spectrum first observed in numerical simulations. The total sound waves should contain both contributions from forced collisions and free propagation of sound shells at early and late stages of the phase transition, respectively.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    hep-ph 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 8.0

    3D simulations in an expanding background show cosmic expansion drives nonlinear growth that amplifies gravitational-wave spectra from slow phase transitions by factors of 10 to 100.

  2. Exploring the statistical anisotropy of primordial curvature perturbations with pulsar timing arrays

    gr-qc 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A phenomenological dipole anisotropy in primordial perturbations induces dipolar and quadrupolar anisotropies in SIGW energy density spectra, producing frequency-dependent PTA overlap reduction functions that depend o...

  3. Vacuum bubbles from cosmic ripples

    hep-ph 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0

    Over-densities in the early universe reduce the Euclidean action for vacuum decay, making false-vacuum bubbles nucleate earlier; under-densities do the opposite.

  4. Measuring gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition and Higgs self-couplings

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0

    Using simulated Taiji data, the authors show that a stochastic gravitational-wave signal from an electroweak phase transition in the singlet-extended Standard Model can constrain the Higgs cubic and quartic self-couplings.

  5. Measuring gravitational wave spectrum from electroweak phase transition and Higgs self-couplings

    hep-ph 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Frequency-domain simulations of the Taiji mission, including noise and foregrounds, demonstrate that the stochastic gravitational wave background from an electroweak phase transition can constrain Higgs cubic and quar...

  6. Relic gravitational waves from primordial gravitational collapses

    gr-qc 2025-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Sound shell collisions from Hubble-scale primordial density perturbations generate a stochastic GW background whose peak frequency and amplitude scale with the Hubble horizon and shell abundance.

  7. LISA and $\gamma$-ray telescopes as multi-messenger probes of a first-order cosmological phase transition

    astro-ph.CO 2023-07 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    First-order phase transitions between 1 and 10^6 GeV can simultaneously source LISA-detectable gravitational waves and intergalactic magnetic fields matching MAGIC bounds when a fraction of sound-wave energy converts ...