An iterative AI reasoning process proposes new dynamical dark energy equations of state that are competitive with traditional forms on supernova, BAO, and Planck data.
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Quintessence, Cosmic Coincidence, and the Cosmological Constant
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Recent observations suggest that a large fraction of the energy density of the universe has negative pressure. One explanation is vacuum energy density; another is quintessence in the form of a scalar field slowly evolving down a potential. In either case, a key problem is to explain why the energy density nearly coincides with the matter density today. The densities decrease at different rates as the universe expands, so coincidence today appears to require that their ratio be set to a specific, infinitessimal value in the early universe. In this paper, we introduce the notion of a "tracker field", a form of quintessence, and show how it may explain the coincidence, adding new motivation for the quintessence scenario.
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Solar tachocline production of symmetrons yields a keV-scale flux at Earth whose absorption in xenon detectors provides new complementary bounds on symmetron parameter space.
The authors construct a massive propagating scalar for coupling constants via a defect-based kinetic term that preserves conserved charges and original black hole solutions on constant-coupling configurations.
Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
Quintessence black holes produce observer-dependent shadow angular sizes, with infalling observers seeing smaller shadows than static ones, yielding stronger equation-of-state constraints from M87* observations.
In Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity the redshift-space bispectrum monopole and quadrupole show 2-8% deviations from GR at z=0.7 and k~0.3 h/Mpc with forecasted SNR of 30 and 15 for Euclid.
A late-onset oscillating quintessence model improves the fit to DESI plus supernova and CMB data by Delta chi squared of about 9 over Lambda CDM, driven by background expansion.
Introduces Fractional Holographic Dark Energy (FHDE) via fractionally corrected entropy from a modified Wheeler-DeWitt equation and studies its late-time cosmology, field reconstructions, and extensions to modified gravity theories.
Generalized interacting dark energy models with constant or dynamical couplings yield analytical density expressions but are not preferred over LambdaCDM by Bayesian evidence from DESI, Pantheon+, and CMB data.
Gravitationally induced particle creation models fit cosmological data as well as ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension from 4.3σ to 2.4–3σ.
Dynamical systems analysis of a Palatini k-essence model identifies fixed points for quasi-de-Sitter epochs, scaling solutions, and quintessence phases connected by heteroclinic orbits in flat FLRW cosmology.
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
Extended Proca-Nuevo gravity modifies the background expansion via a vector field algebraic constraint but leaves the matter growth equation identical to general relativity.
Nonlocal black holes remain consistent with general relativity at the 1.13-sigma level after joint lensing and quasinormal-mode constraints.
A two-field quintom model reproduces w0waCDM perturbation features and is mildly favored over it in Bayesian fits to BAO, CMB, and SNIa data.
Observational constraints on teleparallel cubic Galileon cosmologies with quadratic and exponential potentials show viability for late-time acceleration, with the fixed b1 quadratic case competitive under AIC but not BIC.
Extended analysis constrains pseudo-scalar dark energy potentials using expansion history and cosmic birefringence, finding quadratic, linear, and Ratra-Peebles forms viable near GUT scale while axion-like requires large anomaly coefficient.
A single ultra-light scalar field with trace coupling to matter is claimed to generate a Yukawa fifth force and mass modulation that explain flat rotation curves and the observed cosmological constant without dark sectors.
Reconstruction of EFT background functions from cosmic chronometer Hubble data allows model-independent tests of dark energy evolution in scalar-tensor theories.
Models of interacting bosonic dark energy and fermionic dark matter in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with exponential and power-law potentials are dynamically analyzed and constrained by observational data, showing consistency with LambdaCDM.
Interacting vacuum energy relaxes the pressure gradient inside stars, allowing finite central pressure and compactness beyond the Buchdahl bound for suitable coupling strengths.
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
In f(R,T²) gravity, the growth index decreases with redshift and approaches standard matter-dominated values at early times, with fσ8 predictions staying within ±2σ observational bounds for viable coupling parameters α and n=1/2 or 1/4.
DESI data hint that dark energy evolves (w0>−1, wa<0, phantom crossing) at 2.5–4.2σ, but the same expansion history can also be produced by interacting dark sectors, modified gravity, or non-cold dark matter.
citing papers explorer
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Physics-guided discovery of dynamical dark-energy equations of state through iterative AI reasoning
An iterative AI reasoning process proposes new dynamical dark energy equations of state that are competitive with traditional forms on supernova, BAO, and Planck data.
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Probing Solar Symmetrons with Direct Detection
Solar tachocline production of symmetrons yields a keV-scale flux at Earth whose absorption in xenon detectors provides new complementary bounds on symmetron parameter space.
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Dynamical Completion of Coupling-Charge Thermodynamics
The authors construct a massive propagating scalar for coupling constants via a defect-based kinetic term that preserves conserved charges and original black hole solutions on constant-coupling configurations.
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Model-Independent Reconstruction of Quintessence Potential and Kinetic Energy from DESI DR2 and Pantheon+ Supernovae
Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
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Shadows of quintessence black holes: spherical accretion, photon trajectories, and geodesic observers
Quintessence black holes produce observer-dependent shadow angular sizes, with infalling observers seeing smaller shadows than static ones, yielding stronger equation-of-state constraints from M87* observations.
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Tracing Signatures of Modified Gravity in Redshift-Space Galaxy Bispectrum Multipoles: Prospects for Euclid
In Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity the redshift-space bispectrum monopole and quadrupole show 2-8% deviations from GR at z=0.7 and k~0.3 h/Mpc with forecasted SNR of 30 and 15 for Euclid.
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Late-Time Oscillating Quintessence in Light of DESI
A late-onset oscillating quintessence model improves the fit to DESI plus supernova and CMB data by Delta chi squared of about 9 over Lambda CDM, driven by background expansion.
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An Interplay Between Fractional Calculus and Holographic Dark Energy
Introduces Fractional Holographic Dark Energy (FHDE) via fractionally corrected entropy from a modified Wheeler-DeWitt equation and studies its late-time cosmology, field reconstructions, and extensions to modified gravity theories.
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Generalizing the CPL Parametrization through Dark Sector Interaction
Generalized interacting dark energy models with constant or dynamical couplings yield analytical density expressions but are not preferred over LambdaCDM by Bayesian evidence from DESI, Pantheon+, and CMB data.
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Revisiting the Matter Creation Process: Observational Constraints on Gravitationally Induced Dark Energy and the Hubble Tension
Gravitationally induced particle creation models fit cosmological data as well as ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension from 4.3σ to 2.4–3σ.
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Dynamical system analysis of the cosmological phases in Palatini $k$-essence gravity
Dynamical systems analysis of a Palatini k-essence model identifies fixed points for quasi-de-Sitter epochs, scaling solutions, and quintessence phases connected by heteroclinic orbits in flat FLRW cosmology.
-
Probing Dark Energy Microphysics with kSZ Tomography
Fisher-matrix forecasts for LSST- and CMB-S4-like surveys show kSZ tomography tightens constraints on dark energy parameters w0 and wa by 15% and 32% while assessing detectability of perturbations for different sound speeds.
-
Perturbation Dynamics and Structure Formation in Extended Proca-Nuevo Gravity
Extended Proca-Nuevo gravity modifies the background expansion via a vector field algebraic constraint but leaves the matter growth equation identical to general relativity.
-
Observational constraints on nonlocal black holes via gravitational lensing
Nonlocal black holes remain consistent with general relativity at the 1.13-sigma level after joint lensing and quasinormal-mode constraints.
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Quintom Model Perturbations
A two-field quintom model reproduces w0waCDM perturbation features and is mildly favored over it in Bayesian fits to BAO, CMB, and SNIa data.
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Cosmological Constraints on Minimal Cubic Galileon Models in Teleparallel Gravity
Observational constraints on teleparallel cubic Galileon cosmologies with quadratic and exponential potentials show viability for late-time acceleration, with the fixed b1 quadratic case competitive under AIC but not BIC.
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On the potential of pseudo-scalar dark energy
Extended analysis constrains pseudo-scalar dark energy potentials using expansion history and cosmic birefringence, finding quadratic, linear, and Ratra-Peebles forms viable near GUT scale while axion-like requires large anomaly coefficient.
-
The Vacuum Displacement Principle: Theoretical Framework and Local Phenomenology
A single ultra-light scalar field with trace coupling to matter is claimed to generate a Yukawa fifth force and mass modulation that explain flat rotation curves and the observed cosmological constant without dark sectors.
-
EFT of Dark Energy with Cosmic Chronometers: Reconstructing Background EFT Functions
Reconstruction of EFT background functions from cosmic chronometer Hubble data allows model-independent tests of dark energy evolution in scalar-tensor theories.
-
Interacting bosonic dark energy and fermionic dark matter in Einstein scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Models of interacting bosonic dark energy and fermionic dark matter in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with exponential and power-law potentials are dynamically analyzed and constrained by observational data, showing consistency with LambdaCDM.
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Buchdahl Limit and TOV Equations in Interacting Vacuum Scenarios
Interacting vacuum energy relaxes the pressure gradient inside stars, allowing finite central pressure and compactness beyond the Buchdahl bound for suitable coupling strengths.
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Coupled Dark Energy and Dark Matter for DESI: An Effective Guide to the Phantom Divide
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
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Cosmological structure growth in energy-momentum squared gravity
In f(R,T²) gravity, the growth index decreases with redshift and approaches standard matter-dominated values at early times, with fσ8 predictions staying within ±2σ observational bounds for viable coupling parameters α and n=1/2 or 1/4.
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Dark Energy in the DESI Era: A Brief Review of Evidence, Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM Interpretations, and Tensions
DESI data hint that dark energy evolves (w0>−1, wa<0, phantom crossing) at 2.5–4.2σ, but the same expansion history can also be produced by interacting dark sectors, modified gravity, or non-cold dark matter.
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Effective Phantom Dark Energy: What Cosmological Reconstruction Does and Does Not Imply
Effective phantom dark energy is a background-level reconstruction that does not imply fundamental pathologies such as ghost instabilities or null energy condition violation by the underlying stress tensor.
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Modified Gravity Theories on a Nutshell: Inflation, Bounce and Late-time Evolution
Modified gravity theories supply viable mathematical frameworks for inflation, bounces, and dark energy eras that match observational data.
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Observational tests of \texorpdfstring{$\Lambda(t)$}{Lambda(t)} cosmology in light of DESI DR2
MCMC constraints on two Lambda(t) models with DESI DR2, CC, and Pantheon+ data yield H0 ~72.5-73 km/s/Mpc, Omega_m0 near standard values in joint fits, and n~0.3 indicating mild deviation from LambdaCDM.