LRD host galaxies show average metallicity 0.08 Z_sun with narrow stable range, challenging pristine-gas formation models while ruling out typical local AGN.
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23 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 1,360 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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representative citing papers
Spectroscopic study of 11 LRDs at z~4 finds AGN origin for optical emission via broad Hα correlations and introduces a clumpy envelope model with growth timescales of 10^5-10^7 years.
AGN radiation pressure, not black-hole mass, simultaneously boosts large-scale [O III] outflows and clears circumnuclear gas as Eddington ratio rises.
Using simultaneous modeling of continuum lag-spectrum and broadband SED of Fairall 9 with the H0RIZON-AGN model, the authors obtain H0 = 72.4_{-3.7}^{+3.4} km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}.
Multi-epoch X-ray analysis of PHL 1811 indicates its apparent weakness results from heavy obscuration by a radiatively driven wind rather than intrinsic X-ray weakness.
The quasar J1512+4422 at z~6.2 lies on the local M_BH-σ_* relation and powers an outflow whose mass and energy loss rates exceed the host's star formation rate, indicating negative feedback.
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
X-ray non-detection of little red dots requires both Compton-thick gas columns (~1e25 cm^-2) and intrinsically weak X-ray emission with bolometric correction k_bol,X ≳ 30.
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
New NIR diagnostic diagrams using [C I]/Paγ and H2 1-0 O(5)/PAH 3.3μm ratios correlate with radiation field hardness and distinguish star formation, AGN, and shock excitation in galaxy nuclei.
Requiring thin-disk solutions to be thermally stable and single-valued imposes η_x ≡ dlnα/dlnX > 4/7, and a viscosity law α∝X^p with p>4/7 removes the radiation-pressure unstable branch.
New Gemini/GNIRS observations of star-forming radio galaxies show warm H2 emission driven primarily by mergers rather than jets.
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
Variable column density and covering factor of three ionized absorbers in clumpy disk winds explain the X-ray variability in I Zw 1 with stable corona.
2MASX J0413-0050 transitioned from a narrow-line Seyfert 1 to a Seyfert 1.9 and back while remaining in a high accretion state, supporting classification as a changing-state AGN.
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of UNAM-KIAS 613 shows transient double-peaked broad Hα emission interpreted as a one-time bipolar outflow in an isolated low-luminosity AGN with Eddington ratio ~0.03-0.04.
Multi-phase molecular gas in IRAS20551-4250 is dominated by cold CO, shows UV-heated warm H2, tidal features from a merger, and no molecular outflows, consistent with ongoing star formation.
Simultaneous observations of NGC 4151 and UGC 3374 show that ICCF-Cut photometric Hα light curves and lags match spectroscopic results within uncertainties, with minor discrepancies attributed to He I contamination that can be corrected.
A bias-controlled quasar sample of ~2000 objects demonstrates that the X-ray-to-UV luminosity relation remains constant from redshift 0.7 to 5.
Non-LTE wind atmosphere models computed with CMFGEN reproduce the SED and Balmer decrement of most Little Red Dots when dust-attenuated with Av ~2, while predicting Fe II, O I, and Ca lines, but struggle to produce both a genuine Balmer break and strong lines simultaneously.
LAMOST DR10-12 adds 11,346 quasars (5,386 new) with ZTF-recalibrated spectra and derived emission-line and black-hole mass properties to support variability and rare-object studies.
A review of AGN unification concluding that whether a black-hole-powered nucleus appears obscured depends on inclination, Eddington ratio (radiative feedback), and host-galaxy merger/redshift evolution.
citing papers explorer
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The metallicities of little red dot host galaxies: LRDs are metal poor, but not pristine
LRD host galaxies show average metallicity 0.08 Z_sun with narrow stable range, challenging pristine-gas formation models while ruling out typical local AGN.
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The Structure and Evolution of LRDs: Insights from JWST NIRSpec Medium and High Resolution Spectroscopy at $z\sim4$
Spectroscopic study of 11 LRDs at z~4 finds AGN origin for optical emission via broad Hα correlations and introduces a clumpy envelope model with growth timescales of 10^5-10^7 years.
-
AGN radiative feedback as the main regulator of [O III] outflow activity and obscuration in X-ray AGN
AGN radiation pressure, not black-hole mass, simultaneously boosts large-scale [O III] outflows and clears circumnuclear gas as Eddington ratio rises.
-
HALO II: Constraining Hubble constant $H_{0}$ through continuum delay fitting of Fairall 9
Using simultaneous modeling of continuum lag-spectrum and broadband SED of Fairall 9 with the H0RIZON-AGN model, the authors obtain H0 = 72.4_{-3.7}^{+3.4} km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}.
-
The Curious Case of PHL 1811: Heavy Obscuration Versus Intrinsic X-ray Weakness
Multi-epoch X-ray analysis of PHL 1811 indicates its apparent weakness results from heavy obscuration by a radiatively driven wind rather than intrinsic X-ray weakness.
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A $z \sim$ 6.2 Quasar on the Local M$_{\rm BH}$-$\sigma_{\rm \ast}$ Relation Quenching Its Host Galaxy from the Aether Survey
The quasar J1512+4422 at z~6.2 lies on the local M_BH-σ_* relation and powers an outflow whose mass and energy loss rates exceed the host's star formation rate, indicating negative feedback.
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Understanding the Broad-line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei with Photoionization. II. Slim disks, Self-shadowing, and BLR sizes
Slim-disk self-shadowing plus accretion-rate-dependent BLR density enhancement explains the observed offsets of high-Eddington AGNs below the canonical R-L relation.
-
Quenching of X-ray emission in little red dots by both Compton-thick gas and high accretion rates
X-ray non-detection of little red dots requires both Compton-thick gas columns (~1e25 cm^-2) and intrinsically weak X-ray emission with bolometric correction k_bol,X ≳ 30.
-
Kinematic Stratification in Extremely Red Quasars Revealed by JWST
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
-
Near-infrared diagnostic diagrams of the gas ionization sources in nearby galaxies: a JWST NIRSpec view
New NIR diagnostic diagrams using [C I]/Paγ and H2 1-0 O(5)/PAH 3.3μm ratios correlate with radiation field hardness and distinguish star formation, AGN, and shock excitation in galaxy nuclei.
-
Radiation-pressure instability is an artifact of constant-$\alpha$ closure. Implications for AGN disk tensions
Requiring thin-disk solutions to be thermally stable and single-valued imposes η_x ≡ dlnα/dlnX > 4/7, and a viscosity law α∝X^p with p>4/7 removes the radiation-pressure unstable branch.
-
When Jets Don't Quench: Near-Infrared H$_{2}$ in Star Forming Low-Excitation Radio Galaxies
New Gemini/GNIRS observations of star-forming radio galaxies show warm H2 emission driven primarily by mergers rather than jets.
-
Aether-SHELLQs: JWST integral-field spectroscopy of candidate obscured quasars at z ~ 6
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
-
Strong X-ray Variability of I Zwicky 1: Obscuration from Clumpy Accretion-Disk Winds
Variable column density and covering factor of three ionized absorbers in clumpy disk winds explain the X-ray variability in I Zw 1 with stable corona.
-
An X-ray and optical spectral study of the changing-look narrow-line Seyfert 1 2MASX J0413-0050
2MASX J0413-0050 transitioned from a narrow-line Seyfert 1 to a Seyfert 1.9 and back while remaining in a high accretion state, supporting classification as a changing-state AGN.
-
Spectral Evolution and Transient Broad-Line Features in the Isolated AGN UNAM-KIAS 613
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of UNAM-KIAS 613 shows transient double-peaked broad Hα emission interpreted as a one-time bipolar outflow in an isolated low-luminosity AGN with Eddington ratio ~0.03-0.04.
-
GOALS-JWST: Resolved multi-phase molecular gas in IRAS 20551-4250 using JWST and ALMA
Multi-phase molecular gas in IRAS20551-4250 is dominated by cold CO, shows UV-heated warm H2, tidal features from a merger, and no molecular outflows, consistent with ongoing star formation.
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Validating the ICCF-Cut Method with Simultaneous Photometric and Spectroscopic H$\alpha$ Reverberation Mapping of NGC 4151 and UGC 3374
Simultaneous observations of NGC 4151 and UGC 3374 show that ICCF-Cut photometric Hα light curves and lags match spectroscopic results within uncertainties, with minor discrepancies attributed to He I contamination that can be corrected.
-
The X-ray-to-UV relation does not evolve in homogeneous quasar samples
A bias-controlled quasar sample of ~2000 objects demonstrates that the X-ray-to-UV luminosity relation remains constant from redshift 0.7 to 5.
-
Non-LTE atmosphere models of very luminous sources and their applicability to Little Red Dots, quasi-stars, and similar objects
Non-LTE wind atmosphere models computed with CMFGEN reproduce the SED and Balmer decrement of most Little Red Dots when dust-attenuated with Av ~2, while predicting Fe II, O I, and Ca lines, but struggle to produce both a genuine Balmer break and strong lines simultaneously.
-
The Large Sky Area Multi-object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Quasar Survey: Quasar Properties from Data Release 10 to 12
LAMOST DR10-12 adds 11,346 quasars (5,386 new) with ZTF-recalibrated spectra and derived emission-line and black-hole mass properties to support variability and rare-object studies.
-
Unification models of Active Galactic Nuclei
A review of AGN unification concluding that whether a black-hole-powered nucleus appears obscured depends on inclination, Eddington ratio (radiative feedback), and host-galaxy merger/redshift evolution.
- Changing-look Active Galactic Nuclei from SDSS, LAMOST and DESI Surveys