The JWST transmission spectrum of TOI-1231 b shows strong CH4 detection and moderate CO2 evidence, consistent with a deep H2-rich atmosphere and no distinct surface.
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Water Vapor and Clouds on the Habitable-zone Sub-Neptune Exoplanet K2-18b
14 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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2026 14representative citing papers
First mid-IR transmission spectrum of TOI-270 d shows molecular features with Bayesian evidence ln B = 2.8-5.3 and identifies candidate trace molecules from an agnostic search of 203 species.
High-resolution M-band spectroscopy detects super-stellar SiO in TWA 5 B, implying no significant magnesium-silicate clouds and formation consistent with core accretion beyond the CO snowline or gravitational instability with solid enrichment.
JWST MIRI/LRS data combined with archival observations detect magnesium silicate clouds (likely Mg2SiO4) in HD 209458b at 1-10 mbar with ~0.1 micron particles using a new rule-based data reduction approach.
Young sub-Neptunes transition from core-powered bolometric escape to photoevaporative escape at smaller radii for lower-mass and more irradiated planets, with self-consistent simulations yielding combined mass-loss rates and analytic transition scalings.
Hydrolyzed haze analogs from water-rich exoplanet conditions show higher absorptivity and a high imaginary refractive index that flattens spectral features in atmospheric models.
Experimental serial coupling of 1DDLC coronagraph and PFN achieves 3.5e-5 contrast at 6% wavelength offset, 20x better than coronagraph alone.
Water- and metal-rich atmospheres on compact hot mini-Neptunes lose mass more slowly than H/He cases at high enrichment levels due to enhanced cooling and higher mean molecular weight.
The transmission spectrum of AU Mic b is dominated by the transit light source effect from stellar spots, yielding only weak atmospheric constraints with a preferred scale height below 185 km.
Clouds drive over 1000 K heating at depth in sub-Neptune atmospheres, producing molten mantle interfaces for most planets in the sample and increasing abundances of O2, SiH4, and SiO by at least 36 percent.
Hycean models with a 1-bar H2 envelope, percent-level CH4 and CO, and CO2 at 10^-3 to 10^-2 reproduce the 0.8-5.2 μm JWST spectra of K2-18b.
Complete four-observation JWST dataset for GJ 3929 b yields 118±22 ppm eclipse depth, consistent with bare rock while allowing thin atmospheres and ruling out only thick CO2 cases at >3σ.
Mass of 13.7 Earth masses and density 0.4 g cm^{-3} measured for TOI-1883 b, a super-Neptune in the ridge regime around an early-M dwarf, with implications for disk migration and photoevaporation.
TOI-7154b is a 71.7 M_J brown dwarf in an 8.86-day eccentric orbit around a G star, with eccentricity and age suggesting stellar-like fragmentation origins.
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Combining a Diffraction-Limited Coronagraph with Fiber Nulling: A Demonstration of Serially Coupling Different Nullers
Experimental serial coupling of 1DDLC coronagraph and PFN achieves 3.5e-5 contrast at 6% wavelength offset, 20x better than coronagraph alone.