An operator-algebraic framework proves that boundary conditions in (1+1)D gapped phases with categorical symmetry are classified by objects of the module category M_Q^op via an equivalence of categories, yielding a bulk-boundary correspondence as the enriched center.
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Topological symmetry in quantum field theory
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abstract
We introduce a framework for internal topological symmetries in quantum field theory, including "noninvertible symmetries" and "categorical symmetries". This leads to a calculus of topological defects which takes full advantage of well-developed theorems and techniques in topological field theory. Our discussion focuses on finite symmetries, and we give indications for a generalization to other symmetries. We treat quotients and quotient defects (often called "gauging" and "condensation defects"), finite electromagnetic duality, and duality defects, among other topics. We include an appendix on finite homotopy theories, which are often used to encode finite symmetries and for which computations can be carried out using methods of algebraic topology. Throughout we emphasize exposition and examples over a detailed technical treatment.
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representative citing papers
New dualities in 3d TQFTs are derived via non-invertible anyon condensation, generalizing level-rank dualities and providing new presentations for parafermion theories, c=1 orbifolds, and SU(2)_N.
Chiral tube algebras unify chiral algebras and TDLs by acting on twisted defect spaces via local and non-local currents, with modules isomorphic to twisted modules of the parent algebras.
Defines defect skein modules for 3-manifolds with line and point defects and proves they match state spaces of defect Reshetikhin-Turaev TQFT for semisimple data.
Introduces FTH as an extension of TH/SymTFT to type-I and type-II fracton orders, demonstrating boundary switches and dualities for X-cube and Haah's code via stabilizer formalism.
Twin condensable algebras are introduced as condensable algebras with identical anyon decompositions but inequivalent algebra structures, yielding distinct symmetric phases in group-theoretical topological orders.
String order parameters in 1D gapped phases with invertible or non-invertible symmetries organize into Lagrangian algebras in the Drinfel'd centre via tensor-network module categories.
Defect 't Hooft anomalies trap charges at symmetry-line junctions and thereby drive categorical scattering into twist operators.
Constructs non-invertible duality defects in (2+1)d QFTs from half-spacetime gauging of 2-group symmetries and derives explicit fusion rules with examples in U(1)^3 gauge theories.
The Ising fusion category lattice model features a symmetric critical phase equivalent to the Ising model, a categorical ferromagnetic phase with threefold degeneracy, and a critical categorical antiferromagnetic phase with fourfold degeneracy described by an Ising CFT.
A supersymmetric SymTFT (SuSymTFT) is constructed as a super-BF theory on (n|m)-dimensional supermanifolds and verified for compact and chiral super-bosons in two dimensions.
Non-invertible symmetries define quantum gates with generalized complexity distances, and simple objects in symmetry categories turn out to be computationally complex in concrete 4D and 2D QFT examples.
Constructs BF-like 3D SymTFT Lagrangians for finite non-Abelian groups presented as extensions, yielding surface-attaching non-genuine line operators and Drinfeld-center fusion rules.
Develops a Mille-feuille SymTFT construction that generates foliated and exotic dual bulk theories realizing gapless boundary models with spontaneous continuous subsystem symmetry breaking, including duals of the XY plaquette and XYZ cube models.
A geometric construction of untwisted 3d Dijkgraaf-Witten TQFT with defects via gauge groupoid representations and fibrant spans of groupoids.
Defect charges under generalized symmetries correspond one-to-one with gapped boundary conditions of the Symmetry TFT Z(C) on Y = Σ_{d-p+1} × S^{p-1} via dimensional reduction.
A method is given to construct UV anyonic chain lattice models from SymTFT data realizing IR phases and transitions with non-invertible symmetries, illustrated with Rep(S3).
Statistics of G-conserved invertible mixed-dimensional excitations in d-space are classified by H^{d+2}(BG; R/Z) and realized as boundary excitations of an ω-twisted higher-group gauge theory.
BF Lagrangians for non-abelian DW theories (e.g. dihedral groups) are obtained by gauging H^(0) symmetries of abelian DW theories, with twisted cohomologies and condensation-defect operators verified by character-table linking.
Twin phases share generalized charges under a symmetry, so direct transitions between them are intrinsically beyond-Landau deconfined quantum critical points without hidden symmetry breaking.
An algebraic method using the path algebra of quivers extracts symmetry anomaly data for 5D SCFTs engineered from M-theory on Calabi-Yau cones.
Non-invertible symmetry-breaking phases are characterized by long-range order parameters obeying generalized algebra, with certain transitions dual to beyond-Landau points of invertible symmetries under precise conditions established via generalized gauging.
The symmetry category of a 2D QFT with G-symmetry and anomaly k equals the twisted Hilbert space category Hilb^k(G), whose Drinfeld center is the twisted representation category of the conjugation groupoid C*-algebra, enabling braiding computations in the 3D SymTFT.
Candidate modular invariants and gaugings for continuous G-symmetries with anomaly k are obtained from +1 eigenspaces of semiclassical modular kernels in a BF+kCS SymTFT model.
citing papers explorer
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Bulk-boundary correspondence of (1+1)D symmetric gapped phases
An operator-algebraic framework proves that boundary conditions in (1+1)D gapped phases with categorical symmetry are classified by objects of the module category M_Q^op via an equivalence of categories, yielding a bulk-boundary correspondence as the enriched center.
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Non-Invertible Anyon Condensation and Level-Rank Dualities
New dualities in 3d TQFTs are derived via non-invertible anyon condensation, generalizing level-rank dualities and providing new presentations for parafermion theories, c=1 orbifolds, and SU(2)_N.
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Chiral Tube Algebras I: Topological Defect Lines, Twisted Modules, and Finite Gauging
Chiral tube algebras unify chiral algebras and TDLs by acting on twisted defect spaces via local and non-local currents, with modules isomorphic to twisted modules of the parent algebras.
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Defects in skein theory and TQFT
Defines defect skein modules for 3-manifolds with line and point defects and proves they match state spaces of defect Reshetikhin-Turaev TQFT for semisimple data.
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Fracton Topological Holography
Introduces FTH as an extension of TH/SymTFT to type-I and type-II fracton orders, demonstrating boundary switches and dualities for X-cube and Haah's code via stabilizer formalism.
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Twin Algebras: Condensable Algebras beyond Anyons
Twin condensable algebras are introduced as condensable algebras with identical anyon decompositions but inequivalent algebra structures, yielding distinct symmetric phases in group-theoretical topological orders.
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Algebras of order parameters in one-dimensional spin systems
String order parameters in 1D gapped phases with invertible or non-invertible symmetries organize into Lagrangian algebras in the Drinfel'd centre via tensor-network module categories.
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A Twist on Scattering from Defect Anomalies
Defect 't Hooft anomalies trap charges at symmetry-line junctions and thereby drive categorical scattering into twist operators.
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Half-Spacetime Gauging of 2-Group Symmetry in 3d
Constructs non-invertible duality defects in (2+1)d QFTs from half-spacetime gauging of 2-group symmetries and derives explicit fusion rules with examples in U(1)^3 gauge theories.
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Symmetry breaking phases and transitions in an Ising fusion category lattice model
The Ising fusion category lattice model features a symmetric critical phase equivalent to the Ising model, a categorical ferromagnetic phase with threefold degeneracy, and a critical categorical antiferromagnetic phase with fourfold degeneracy described by an Ising CFT.
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SymTFT in Superspace
A supersymmetric SymTFT (SuSymTFT) is constructed as a super-BF theory on (n|m)-dimensional supermanifolds and verified for compact and chiral super-bosons in two dimensions.
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Generalized Complexity Distances and Non-Invertible Symmetries
Non-invertible symmetries define quantum gates with generalized complexity distances, and simple objects in symmetry categories turn out to be computationally complex in concrete 4D and 2D QFT examples.
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On the SymTFTs of Finite Non-Abelian Symmetries
Constructs BF-like 3D SymTFT Lagrangians for finite non-Abelian groups presented as extensions, yielding surface-attaching non-genuine line operators and Drinfeld-center fusion rules.
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SymTFT construction of gapless exotic-foliated dual models
Develops a Mille-feuille SymTFT construction that generates foliated and exotic dual bulk theories realizing gapless boundary models with spontaneous continuous subsystem symmetry breaking, including duals of the XY plaquette and XYZ cube models.
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A geometrical description of untwisted 3d Dijkgraaf-Witten TQFT with defects
A geometric construction of untwisted 3d Dijkgraaf-Witten TQFT with defects via gauge groupoid representations and fibrant spans of groupoids.
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Defect Charges, Gapped Boundary Conditions, and the Symmetry TFT
Defect charges under generalized symmetries correspond one-to-one with gapped boundary conditions of the Symmetry TFT Z(C) on Y = Σ_{d-p+1} × S^{p-1} via dimensional reduction.
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Lattice Models for Phases and Transitions with Non-Invertible Symmetries
A method is given to construct UV anyonic chain lattice models from SymTFT data realizing IR phases and transitions with non-invertible symmetries, illustrated with Rep(S3).
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Holographic Theory of Mixed-Dimensional Statistics and Conservation-Encoding Hopping-Operator Algebras
Statistics of G-conserved invertible mixed-dimensional excitations in d-space are classified by H^{d+2}(BG; R/Z) and realized as boundary excitations of an ω-twisted higher-group gauge theory.
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On Lagrangians of Non-abelian Dijkgraaf-Witten Theories
BF Lagrangians for non-abelian DW theories (e.g. dihedral groups) are obtained by gauging H^(0) symmetries of abelian DW theories, with twisted cohomologies and condensation-defect operators verified by character-table linking.
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Twin Phases: Intrinsic Deconfined Quantum Criticality
Twin phases share generalized charges under a symmetry, so direct transitions between them are intrinsically beyond-Landau deconfined quantum critical points without hidden symmetry breaking.
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Quiver Approach to Symmetry Theories
An algebraic method using the path algebra of quivers extracts symmetry anomaly data for 5D SCFTs engineered from M-theory on Calabi-Yau cones.
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Spontaneous breaking of non-invertible symmetries and duality to beyond-Landau transitions
Non-invertible symmetry-breaking phases are characterized by long-range order parameters obeying generalized algebra, with certain transitions dual to beyond-Landau points of invertible symmetries under precise conditions established via generalized gauging.
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Categorical Symmetries via Operator Algebras
The symmetry category of a 2D QFT with G-symmetry and anomaly k equals the twisted Hilbert space category Hilb^k(G), whose Drinfeld center is the twisted representation category of the conjugation groupoid C*-algebra, enabling braiding computations in the 3D SymTFT.
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Candidate Gaugings of Categorical Continuous Symmetry
Candidate modular invariants and gaugings for continuous G-symmetries with anomaly k are obtained from +1 eigenspaces of semiclassical modular kernels in a BF+kCS SymTFT model.
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Generalized Families of QFTs
Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.
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The Line, the Strip and the Duality Defect
The XY-plaquette model is claimed to possess a continuous SO(2) non-invertible duality symmetry at arbitrary coupling, realized by open condensation defects in its symmetry TFT.
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From gauging to duality in one-dimensional quantum lattice models
Gauging and duality transformations are equivalent up to constant depth quantum circuits in one-dimensional quantum lattice models, demonstrated via matrix product operators.
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Hilbert Space and Defect Hilbert Spaces Associated with Categorical Symmetries
A quantum mechanical framework is given for Hilbert and defect spaces of line operators in BF+kCS TQFT, with line operator action realized by convolution kernels and matches to Verlinde and semiclassical Hopf-link data.
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Confinement in a finite duality cascade
Holographic consistency checks confirm confinement (area law), domain-wall dynamics matching YM-CS theory, and absence of stable axionic strings in a D3/O7-conifold gauge/gravity dual.
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Self-$G$-ality in 1+1 dimensions
The paper defines self-G-ality conditions for fusion category symmetries in 1+1D systems and derives LSM-type constraints on many-body ground states along with lattice model examples.
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Universalities of Defects in Quantum Field Theories
A dissertation synthesizing universal aspects of defect dynamics in QFT through symmetry principles across defect RG flows, effective strings, and quantum gas impurities.
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What's Done Cannot Be Undone: TASI Lectures on Non-Invertible Symmetries
A survey of non-invertible symmetries with constructions in the Ising model and applications to neutral pion decay and other systems.
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What is the Geometric Langlands Correspondence about?
A survey paper presents the Geometric Langlands correspondence informally as an algebraic spectral theorem for automorphic sheaves and a blueprint for studying nonabelian symmetry.
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ICTP Lectures on (Non-)Invertible Generalized Symmetries
Lecture notes explain non-invertible generalized symmetries in QFTs as topological defects arising from stacking with TQFTs and gauging diagonal symmetries, plus their action on charges and the SymTFT framework.
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Lectures on Generalized Symmetries
Lecture notes that systematically introduce higher-form symmetries, SymTFTs, higher-group symmetries, and related concepts in QFT using gauge theory examples.