Formalizes interface-constrained semi-Markov decision processes and proves a finite-sample bound for neural IC-Q that decomposes into neural approximation error, interface gap, and mixing-time residual, with experiments showing parity to centralized oracles.
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MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Framework
Canonical reference. 92% of citing Pith papers cite this work as background.
abstract
Remarkable progress has been made on automated problem solving through societies of agents based on large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based multi-agent systems can already solve simple dialogue tasks. Solutions to more complex tasks, however, are complicated through logic inconsistencies due to cascading hallucinations caused by naively chaining LLMs. Here we introduce MetaGPT, an innovative meta-programming framework incorporating efficient human workflows into LLM-based multi-agent collaborations. MetaGPT encodes Standardized Operating Procedures (SOPs) into prompt sequences for more streamlined workflows, thus allowing agents with human-like domain expertise to verify intermediate results and reduce errors. MetaGPT utilizes an assembly line paradigm to assign diverse roles to various agents, efficiently breaking down complex tasks into subtasks involving many agents working together. On collaborative software engineering benchmarks, MetaGPT generates more coherent solutions than previous chat-based multi-agent systems. Our project can be found at https://github.com/geekan/MetaGPT
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- abstract Remarkable progress has been made on automated problem solving through societies of agents based on large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based multi-agent systems can already solve simple dialogue tasks. Solutions to more complex tasks, however, are complicated through logic inconsistencies due to cascading hallucinations caused by naively chaining LLMs. Here we introduce MetaGPT, an innovative meta-programming framework incorporating efficient human workflows into LLM-based multi-agent collaborations. MetaGPT encodes Standardized Operating Procedures (SOPs) into prompt sequences for mor
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representative citing papers
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The authors create the first large-scale dataset and taxonomy of failure modes in multi-agent LLM systems to explain their limited performance gains.
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Glite ARF introduces a verifier-driven three-role framework for parallel LLM coding agents, demonstrated by first- and second-place finishes in the BEA 2026 vocabulary-difficulty shared task across three languages with 29.9-35.9% RMSE reduction at ~$450 API cost.
EinsteinArena is a platform for AI agents to collectively discover new mathematical results through open interaction, achieving 12 new state-of-the-art outcomes including raising the 11-dimensional kissing number lower bound from 593 to 604.
MAC-Bench is a new adversarial benchmark that converts legal texts into executable scenarios via the SERV pipeline to measure procedural compliance in multi-agent LLM systems using CSR and MG metrics.
TianJi-Environ is a WRF-Chem-based multi-agent AI framework for autonomous validation of atmospheric chemistry mechanisms through executable experiments and evidence assessment.
Introduces a 3-axis taxonomy (what info, alignment, fusion) for latent communication in multi-agent LLMs and identifies five design patterns from 18 methods.
ADK Arena evaluates 51 Python ADKs by having an LLM learn each framework's API, write and repair agent code, and run on benchmarks, finding 57% success rate, 5.6x cost variation, no dominant framework, and substitutable information sources.
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Boiling the Frog is a new stateful multi-turn benchmark that finds an aggregate 44.4% strict attack success rate for incremental safety violations across nine AI models, with rates ranging from 20.5% to 92.9%.
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LLM multi-agent systems on lattices show bias-driven order-disorder crossovers instead of true phase transitions, with extracted effective couplings and fields serving as model-specific fingerprints.
TourMart quantifies commission steering in LLM travel agents via paired counterfactual prompts, reporting 3.5-7.7 percentage point increases in steered recommendations for tested models.
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