A hierarchical Bayesian framework that uses the empirical anti-correlation between AGN variability amplitude and luminosity to infer cosmological parameters from moderate-baseline light curves via importance reweighting.
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The Pantheon+ Analysis: The Full Dataset and Light-Curve Release
Baseline reference. 59% of citing Pith papers use this work as a benchmark or comparison.
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abstract
Here we present 1701 light curves of 1550 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) that will be used to infer cosmological parameters as part of the Pantheon+ SN analysis and the SH0ES (Supernovae and H0 for the Equation of State of dark energy) distance-ladder analysis. This effort is one part of a series of works that perform an extensive review of redshifts, peculiar velocities, photometric calibration, and intrinsic-scatter models of SNe Ia. The total number of light curves, which are compiled across 18 different surveys, is a significant increase from the first Pantheon analysis (1048 SNe), particularly at low redshift ($z$). Furthermore, unlike in the Pantheon analysis, we include light curves for SNe with $z<0.01$ such that SN systematic covariance can be included in a joint measurement of the Hubble constant (H$_0$) and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter ($w$). We use the large sample to compare properties of 151 SNe Ia observed by multiple surveys and 12 pairs/triplets of "SN siblings" - SNe found in the same host galaxy. Distance measurements, application of bias corrections, and inference of cosmological parameters are discussed in the companion paper by Brout et al. (2022b), and the determination of H$_0$ is discussed by Riess et al. (2022). These analyses will measure w with $\sim3\%$ precision and H$_0$ with 1 km/s/Mpc precision.
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representative citing papers
Any unified early and late dark energy scenario with a single tracking scalar field requires a potential with three distinct slopes arranged in a steep-steeper-shallow hierarchy.
Non-parametric reconstruction of non-minimally coupled gravity with a smoothness prior on CMB, DESI BAO, supernovae, and DES data yields a 2.8σ hint for coupling and a preference for phantom divide crossing stabilized by the coupling.
Analytic compression of EFT parameters for Lyα forest P1D via Fisher matrix and linearization allows efficient marginalization, saturating constraints with linear bias plus five effective terms and forecasting 10% and 2% precision on Δ²_p and n_p at k_p=0.7 Mpc^{-1}.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
Numerical polology framework samples coupling space to discover ghost-free tensor field theories up to rank three for cosmology, then applies resulting priors to black hole superradiance, dynamical dark energy, and GW data.
HIcosmo is a new JAX-based differentiable framework for background cosmology inference that matches Cobaya results while delivering 8.7x CPU and up to 20x GPU speedups.
Compressing SN Ia distance-redshift data to eleven Gaussian log r_p(z) points with covariance is shown to be operationally lossless for cosmological inference across multiple models and datasets.
Any background-inert λ in coincident f(Q) gravity degenerates with σ80 via an As-D0(λ) link, inflating σ80 to unphysical levels and raising As by 20-30% in tension with Planck unless fixed by As priors.
A Gompertzian reionization model with three nuisance parameters demotes optical depth to a derived quantity, reducing its uncertainty by a factor of three and revealing potential neutrino mass tension in CMB analyses.
An analytic bound on axion parameters in thawing quintessence is derived independently of initial conditions and used with cosmological observations plus quantum gravity constraints to exclude large regions of axion dark energy parameter space.
A framework combining derivatives of angular diameter distance with line-of-sight expansion rate enables model-independent tests of FLRW consistency and yields a nonparametric estimator for the cosmic density field independent of Friedmann equations.
First background-level constraints on Luciano-Saridakis entropic cosmology using CC, Pantheon+ with SH0ES, DESI DR2 BAO and compressed Planck data show robust fit, 2sigma exclusion of LambdaCDM, and potential Hubble tension alleviation.
A unified dark energy model with sigmoid correction generates a spectrum of rip futures that all fit DESI, Pantheon+, and CMB data at the same level as ΛCDM.
Exact marginalization over binary variables in data models maps onto the Ising model, enabling efficient likelihood calculations and approximations demonstrated on Type Ia supernova calibration.
COLA-based hybrid emulator reproduces nonlinear power spectrum boosts in w0wa models to <2% error vs EuclidEmulator2 and produces <0.3σ shifts in LSST-like cosmic shear parameter constraints.
DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino mass sum to < 0.071 eV.
The local Hubble constant is measured as 73.04 ± 1.04 km/s/Mpc from Cepheid-calibrated Type Ia supernovae, showing a 5-sigma discrepancy with the Planck+LCDM prediction.
Full-GR simulations find that inhomogeneous curvature produces only sub-dominant systematic offsets in growth-rate measurements from magnitude fluctuations at z ≲ 0.2 relative to current statistical errors.
Progenitor age corrections applied to Pantheon+ data shift the monopole q0 to positive values (deceleration) while the local dipole remains unchanged.
Phenomenological late-time vacuum-tunneling models are fit to DESI DR2, supernova, and CMB data, allowing up to 50% vacuum-energy drop for z_t < 1 and a preferred z_t ~7 model that converts ~10% dark matter while easing cosmological tensions.
New constraints on dark radiation parameters from recent cosmological datasets show the model alleviates the Hubble tension with SH0ES inclusion while remaining consistent with standard expectations without it.
Evolving dark energy models lower the tension in DES Y3 Weyl potential measurements with GR+ΛCDM predictions to 1.6-2.2σ by changing the theoretical background evolution.
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Union Through UNITY: Cosmology with 2,000 SNe Using a Unified Bayesian Framework
Union3 compilation of 2087 SNe Ia with UNITY1.5 framework shows 1.7-2.6 sigma tension with LambdaCDM and possible thawing dark energy.