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Thermalization from quantum entanglement: jet simulations in the massive Schwinger model

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arxiv 2506.14983 v1 pith:ELUTWPR2 submitted 2025-06-17 hep-ph hep-thnucl-thquant-ph

Thermalization from quantum entanglement: jet simulations in the massive Schwinger model

Adrien Florio , David Frenklakh , Sebastian Grieninger , Dmitri E. Kharzeev , Andrea Palermo , Shuzhe Shi This is my paper
classification hep-ph hep-thnucl-thquant-ph
keywords quantumthermalizationmodelcomparedynamicsentanglementfield-theoreticmassive
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We investigate the emergence of thermalization in a quantum field-theoretic model mimicking the production of jets in QCD -- the massive Schwinger model coupled to external sources. Specifically, we compute the expectation values of local operators as functions of time and compare them to their thermal counterparts, quantify the overlap between the evolving density matrix and the thermal one, and compare the dynamics of the energy-momentum tensor to predictions from relativistic hydrodynamics. Through these studies, we find that the system approaches thermalization at late times and elucidate the mechanisms by which quantum entanglement drives thermalization in closed field-theoretic systems. Our results show how thermodynamic behavior emerges in real time from unitary quantum dynamics.

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