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Spontaneous scalarization
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Spontaneous scalarization
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Scalarization is a mechanism that endows strongly self-gravitating bodies, such as neutron stars and black holes, with a scalar-field configuration. It resembles a phase transition in that the scalar configuration appears only when a certain quantity that characterizes the compact object, for example, its compactness or spin, is beyond a threshold. A critical and comprehensive review of scalarization, including the mechanism itself, theories that exhibit it, its manifestation in neutron stars, black holes and their binaries, potential extension to other fields, and a thorough discussion of future perspectives, is provided.
Forward citations
Cited by 30 Pith papers
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Black-Hole Scattering in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet: Numerical Relativity Meets Analytics
Numerical relativity simulations of black hole scattering in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity agree closely with effective-one-body analytic predictions.
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Underlying mechanisms of phase transitions in scalar-tensor theories
A first-principles energy-function calculation determines the quartic coefficient b0 whose sign sets the order of the spontaneous-scalarization phase transition in scalar-tensor neutron stars.
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Black holes and neutron stars in massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory
Field equation analysis near infinity in massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory restricts the model to two single-coupling sectors; the A²R sector yields asymptotically flat Schwarzschild black holes with radial vector fie...
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Scalar memory from compact binary coalescences
In Ricci-coupled scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity, the change in scalar charge during binary black hole mergers generates a scalar memory contribution that modifies the total memory signal on observable timescales.
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Underlying mechanisms of phase transitions in scalar-tensor theories
Landau coefficients for scalarization phase transitions are calculated from first principles via reduction of the theory's energy functional to an effective energy function.
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Exact black holes and black branes with bumpy horizons supported by superfluid pions
Exact solutions in Einstein-SU(2) sigma model yield black holes and branes with bumpy horizons stabilized by integer vorticity of superfluid pions.
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Non-closed scalar charge in four-dimensional Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet black hole thermodynamics
A covariant framework reveals non-closed scalar charges with bulk contributions in ESGB black holes that become closed under shift symmetry and interpret spontaneous scalarization via the Smarr formula.
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High-accuracy drivers to simulate black hole binaries beyond general relativity with the fixing-the-equations approach
Comoving tensor-aware driver equations in SpECTRE yield ~40-cycle sGB binary waveforms with O(1) rad phase error and eccentricity ≲10^{-3}, free of spurious spin growth.
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Rotating Fermion-Boson Stars in $R$-squared Gravity
R-squared gravity enlarges the equilibrium domain of rotating fermion-boson stars and raises static and Keplerian maximum masses relative to GR while remaining compatible with current compact-object constraints.
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Scalarization and descalarization in hyperbolic encounters of black holes
Numerical relativity in the decoupling limit reveals dynamical scalarization and spin-induced (de)scalarization during hyperbolic black hole encounters for both signs of the coupling.
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Potentially healthy time evolution in interacting $p$-form fields
In 4D spacetime, 3-form fields admit healthy time evolution under specific self-interactions while 2-form fields lose hyperbolicity with analogous terms.
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Curvature-induced scalarization of charged AdS black holes
The Breitenlohner-Freedman bound restricts Gauss-Bonnet scalarization of RN-AdS black holes to a single fundamental branch for 0<η<2.25, with a separate single branch for η<0.
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Radial Oscillations of Viscous Stars at Finite Temperature
Heat diffusion introduces a distinct thermal mode sector in viscous star oscillations that transitions to propagating behavior above a critical overtone, realizing finite-size relativistic second sound.
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Donutization Inside Neutron Stars: Shell-Localized Scalar Fields
Heavy scalar fields in neutron stars form interior shell-localized profiles that reshape the effective equation of state and break the I-Q relation while remaining hidden from binary pulsar observations.
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Black holes and neutron stars in massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory
In massive Hellings-Nordtvedt theory, a nonzero vector vacuum asymptotically forbids both curvature-vector couplings at once, and the A²R sector yields Schwarzschild-like black holes plus neutron stars that can deviat...
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Scalar memory from compact binary coalescences
Binary black hole mergers in Ricci-coupled scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity produce an observable scalar breathing memory signal from the merger-driven change in scalar charge, potentially matching the size of the theory's...
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Thermodynamic Phase Transitions in Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Scalarization in EMSGB gravity enables free-energy crossings between scalarized and Reissner-Nordström black holes, producing up to three phase transitions whose order changes with coupling strength.
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Phase transition structure of scalarized neutron stars: the effect of rotation and linear coupling
Linear coupling and rotation in scalar-tensor theories produce a complex phase transition landscape for scalarized neutron stars, with rotation increasing critical masses and Landau theory revealing overlooked solutio...
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Boson star-black hole binaries: initial data and head-on collisions
A one-body conformal-factor correction stabilizes boson star-black hole initial data, enabling gravitational-wave analysis that shows higher multipoles can discriminate mixed mergers from pure black-hole binaries.
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Hydrodynamic properties in soliton field theory
Soliton formation in complex scalar field theory is framed as sound-mode-induced phase separation, and cylindrical Q-strings are shown to suffer a Rayleigh-Plateau membrane instability that breaks them into spheres.
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QPO-like Signatures and Hydrodynamical Variability in Accretion around a JNW-type Compact Spacetime in Freund-Nambu Scalar-Tensor Gravity
New FNST scalar-tensor generalization of JNW spacetime is used in GR hydrodynamic simulations of BHL accretion, yielding hydrodynamically generated QPO-like frequencies overlapping observed ranges in stellar-mass comp...
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Curvature-induced scalarization of charged AdS black holes
In Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory with negative cosmological constant, RN-AdS black holes exhibit GB scalarization only for restricted coupling ranges, producing single-branch solutions and second-order p...
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Scalarization of dark matter stars
Scalarization occurs across most of the parameter space for negative coupling parameter β_d in self-interacting dark matter stars, over a broader range than in conventional neutron stars.
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Scalarizations of magnetized Reissner-Nordstr\"om black holes induced by parity-violating and parity-preserving interactions
Magnetic fields lower the scalarization threshold for electromagnetic and gravitational Chern-Simons couplings but produce opposite trends on the two Gauss-Bonnet branches, with nonlinear terms converting exponential ...
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Minimum mass, maximum charge and hyperbolicity in scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity
In scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity, black hole solutions below a tunable minimum mass lose hyperbolicity in perturbations, corresponding to EFT breakdown, but scalar charge stays bounded above.
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Scalarization and superradiant instability of black hole induced by dark matter halo in the scalar-tensor theory of gravity
Black holes with dark matter halos in scalar-tensor gravity exhibit scalarization and superradiant instability in some parameter regions, with halo size and mass affecting outcomes for small halos but coupling constan...
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Equatorial Periodic Orbits and Gravitational Wave Phenomenology around Spherically-symmetric vacuum solution in Freund-Nambu scalar-tensor gravity
Scalar couplings in Freund-Nambu gravity shift ISCO inward and produce detectable temporal dephasing in EMRI gravitational wave bursts while preserving orbit topology.
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Odd-parity perturbations of trace-quadratic $f(R,T)$ black holes with anisotropic matter: admissible branches, axial ringdown, and a coupled-PINN benchmark
Admissible negative-w_r branches of trace-quadratic f(R,T) black holes support axial ringdown spectra governed by a single master equation equivalent to Einstein gravity plus frozen anisotropic fluid, differing from S...
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Scalar-Electromagnetic Couplings as Source of Deformed Black Hole: From Shadows to Thermodynamic Topology
A scalar-NED coupled black hole metric is reconstructed from an effective geometry, yielding EHT bounds on magnetic charge, Hawking-Page transition, and topological equivalence to the Reissner-Nordström solution.
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LISA Definition Study Report
LISA is a planned space mission using laser interferometry between three spacecraft to detect gravitational waves from galactic binaries, stellar-mass black holes, massive black-hole mergers, and the universe's expansion.
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