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Language Agents with Reinforcement Learning for Strategic Play in the Werewolf Game

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arxiv 2310.18940 v4 pith:35TESAL5 submitted 2023-10-29 cs.AI cs.LGcs.MA

Language Agents with Reinforcement Learning for Strategic Play in the Werewolf Game

classification cs.AI cs.LGcs.MA
keywords agentslanguagegamestrategicactionsbiasdecision-makingintrinsic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Agents built with large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential across a wide range of domains. However, in complex decision-making tasks, pure LLM-based agents tend to exhibit intrinsic bias in their choice of actions, which is inherited from the model's training data and results in suboptimal performance. To develop strategic language agents, i.e., agents that generate flexible language actions and possess strong decision-making abilities, we propose a novel framework that powers LLM-based agents with reinforcement learning (RL). We consider Werewolf, a popular social deduction game, as a challenging testbed that emphasizes versatile communication and strategic gameplay. To mitigate the intrinsic bias in language actions, our agents use an LLM to perform deductive reasoning and generate a diverse set of action candidates. Then an RL policy trained to optimize the decision-making ability chooses an action from the candidates to play in the game. Extensive experiments show that our agents overcome the intrinsic bias and outperform existing LLM-based agents in the Werewolf game. We also conduct human-agent experiments and find that our agents achieve human-level performance and demonstrate strong strategic play.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

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