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arxiv 2407.00079 v4 pith:UPSKCNFD submitted 2024-06-24 cs.DC cs.AIcs.AR

Mooncake: A KVCache-centric Disaggregated Architecture for LLM Serving

classification cs.DC cs.AIcs.AR
keywords mooncakearchitecturedisaggregatedkvcache-centricscenarioskimirequestsservice
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Mooncake is the serving platform for Kimi, a leading LLM service provided by Moonshot AI. It features a KVCache-centric disaggregated architecture that separates the prefill and decoding clusters. It also leverages the underutilized CPU, DRAM, and SSD resources of the GPU cluster to implement a disaggregated cache of KVCache. The core of Mooncake is its KVCache-centric scheduler, which balances maximizing overall effective throughput while meeting latency-related Service Level Objectives (SLOs). Unlike traditional studies that assume all requests will be processed, Mooncake faces challenges due to highly overloaded scenarios. To mitigate these, we developed a prediction-based early rejection policy. Experiments show that Mooncake excels in long-context scenarios. Compared to the baseline method, Mooncake can achieve up to a 525% increase in throughput in certain simulated scenarios while adhering to SLOs. Under real workloads, Mooncake's innovative architecture enables Kimi to handle 75% more requests.

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Cited by 34 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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    cs.DC 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 7.0

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  2. Model-Native Computing Architecture: Envisioning Future System Architecture Through the Lens of Computer Architecture

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  3. Tutti: Making SSD-Backed KV Cache Practical for Long-Context LLM Serving

    cs.OS 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

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  4. Cache Your Prompt When It's Green: Carbon-Aware Caching for Large Language Model Serving

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  5. What to Keep, What to Forget: A Rate--Distortion View of Memory Compaction in LLMs and Agents

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    KV-cache eviction, prompt compression, recurrent state bounding, and agent memory consolidation are unified as one rate-distortion problem with a shared lower bound, shared failure mode, and transferable mechanisms.

  6. DepthWeave-KV: Token-Adaptive Cross-Layer Residual Factorization for Long-Context KV Cache Compression

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  7. Think Before You Grid-Search: Floor-First Triage for LLM Serving

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    A five-dimensional resource-vector floor model computes latency bounds and capacity walls for LLM serving, predicting when TP16 or EP16+DP attention layouts dominate based on operating point.

  8. OmniPilot: An Uncertainty-Aware LLM Inference Advisor for Heterogeneous GPU Clusters

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  9. ELDR: Expert-Locality-Aware Decode Routing for PD-Disaggregated MoE Serving

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    ELDR reduces median TPOT by 5.9-13.9% in PD-disaggregated MoE serving by routing decode requests via prefill-derived expert signatures and K-means locality partitioning over load-balancing baselines.

  10. Beyond Per-Token Pricing: A Concurrency-Aware Methodology for LLM Infrastructure Cost Estimation

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  11. SpectrumKV: Per-Token Mixed-Precision KV Cache Transfer for Prefill-Decode Disaggregated LLM Serving

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  12. Vortex: Efficient and Programmable Sparse Attention Serving for AI Agents

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    Vortex provides a programmable frontend and backend for sparse attention in LLM serving, delivering up to 3.46x throughput over full attention while preserving accuracy.

  13. Idleness is Relative: Exploiting Tool-Call Idle Windows for Offloading in Agentic Systems with MORI

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  14. PreFT: Prefill-only finetuning for efficient inference

    cs.LG 2026-05 accept novelty 6.0

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  15. Salca: A Sparsity-Aware Hardware Accelerator for Efficient Long-Context Attention Decoding

    cs.AR 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Salca is a new ASIC accelerator that achieves 3.82× speedup and 74.19× energy efficiency over A100 for long-context attention via dual-compression dynamic sparse attention and pipelined hardware.

  16. MemExplorer: Navigating the Heterogeneous Memory Design Space for Agentic Inference NPUs

    cs.AR 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    MemExplorer optimizes heterogeneous memory systems for agentic LLM inference on NPUs and reports up to 2.3x higher energy efficiency than baselines under fixed power budgets.

  17. Tree Training: Accelerating Agentic LLMs Training via Shared Prefix Reuse

    cs.LG 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Tree Training serializes tree trajectories via DFS and uses redundancy-free partitioning to compute weighted per-token losses exactly once per token, achieving up to 6.2x training speedup on dense and MoE models.

  18. TokenCake: A KV-Cache-centric Serving Framework for LLM-based Multi-Agent Applications

    cs.DC 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 6.0

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  19. Sandwich: Joint Configuration Search and Hot-Switching for Efficient CPU LLM Serving

    cs.AR 2025-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

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  20. BatchLLM: Optimizing Large Batched LLM Inference with Global Prefix Sharing and Throughput-oriented Token Batching

    cs.CL 2024-11 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    BatchLLM achieves 1.3x-10.8x higher throughput than vLLM and SGLang for batched LLM inference with prefix sharing via global prefix identification, decoding-first reordering, and memory-centric token batching.

  21. RetrievalAttention: Accelerating Long-Context LLM Inference via Vector Retrieval

    cs.LG 2024-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    RetrievalAttention approximates full attention in long-context LLMs by retrieving relevant KV vectors from CPU-based ANNS indexes with an attention-aware algorithm, achieving near-full accuracy while accessing only 1-...

  22. Omni-Flow: A Unified Workflow Orchestration and Distributed KV Cache Sharing Framework for Multimodal Inference

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  23. Demystifying the Design Space and Best Practices for Heterogeneous LLM Inference and Serving

    cs.DC 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

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  24. Demystifying the Design Space and Best Practices for Heterogeneous LLM Inference and Serving

    cs.DC 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

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  25. Semantic Cache Distillation: Efficient State Transfer via Reuse and Selective Patching

    cs.LG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

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  26. Human-Less LLM Serving: Quantifying the Human Tax on Throughput

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  27. Predictive Multi-Tier Memory Management for KV Cache in Large-Scale GPU Inference

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  28. JoyAI-LLM Flash: Advancing Mid-Scale LLMs with Token Efficiency

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  29. The Workload-Router-Pool Architecture for LLM Inference Optimization: A Vision Paper from the vLLM Semantic Router Project

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  30. HFX: Joint Design of Algorithms and Systems for Multi-SLO Serving and Fast Scaling

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  31. From Human Memory to AI Memory: A Survey on Memory Mechanisms in the Era of LLMs

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  32. Towards Efficient Large Language Model Serving: A Survey on System-Aware KV Cache Optimization

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  33. Step-Video-T2V Technical Report: The Practice, Challenges, and Future of Video Foundation Model

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  34. Token-Operations-Oriented Inference Optimization Techniques for Large Models

    cs.SE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 3.0

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