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Physics Beyond Colliders at CERN: Beyond the Standard Model Working Group Report
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The Physics Beyond Colliders initiative is an exploratory study aimed at exploiting the full scientific potential of the CERN's accelerator complex and scientific infrastructures through projects complementary to the LHC and other possible future colliders. These projects will target fundamental physics questions in modern particle physics. This document presents the status of the proposals presented in the framework of the Beyond the Standard Model physics working group, and explore their physics reach and the impact that CERN could have in the next 10-20 years on the international landscape.
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Cited by 37 Pith papers
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Heavy neutral leptons beyond the BBN bound: probing the lepton asymmetry of the Universe
A Dirac heavy neutral lepton with a particle-antiparticle asymmetry can evade the hadronic BBN bound by injecting charged pions that restore the standard neutron abundance, opening sub-GeV parameter space accessible to SHiP.
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Testing Antimatter Couplings with Spectroscopy
Using hydrogen, antihydrogen, and highly charged ion spectroscopy, the paper derives velocity-enhanced sensitivity to 'antimatter' couplings of a Lorentz-violating scalar and sets the strongest direct bounds for masse...
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Long-lived Axion-Like Particles from Tau Decays
Leptophilic long-lived ALPs produced in tau decays are shown to yield new CHARM/BEBC constraints and improved future sensitivity, particularly at SHiP, extending reach to fa up to 10^8-10^9 GeV in LFV scenarios.
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Freeze-in leptogenesis with sterile neutrino self-interactions
An off-diagonal thermal potential from sterile neutrino self-interactions generates the baryon asymmetry at lower order in the Yukawa coupling, boosting it and relaxing the mass degeneracy required in vanilla ARS lept...
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The Price of Tiny Kinetic Mixing
The paper derives a six-loop gravitational floor for hidden-photon kinetic mixing near 10^-13 and surveys other loop and GUT mechanisms that can produce tiny mixing.
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Detecting and Studying High-Energy Collider Neutrinos with FASER at the LHC
FASERν is predicted to detect thousands of collider neutrinos at the LHC and measure their cross sections at TeV energies, closing a gap in neutrino measurements.
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A frequentist analysis of three right-handed neutrinos with GAMBIT
A comprehensive frequentist global fit maps the currently allowed mass and mixing space for three right-handed neutrinos between 60 MeV and 500 GeV and finds no significant new physics.
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Filling the Gap: Hunting for Vector Bosons at the MUonE Experiment with Displaced Decay Signature
MUonE's displaced-vertex search, combining muon-electron and muon-nucleus production, could probe vector-boson mediators up to ~150 MeV and close a documented parameter-space gap.
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Constraints on millicharged particles from nuclear gamma-decays
Nuclear gamma cascades in reactors produce millicharged particle pairs, giving the strongest constraints on millicharge for masses between 0.7 and 2 MeV.
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Search for millicharged particles in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13.6$ TeV
No millicharged particles were found in 124.7 fb^-1 of 13.6 TeV data; milliQan sets the strongest limits to date for masses >= 0.45 GeV and charges <= 0.24 e.
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Cosmological impact of $\nu$DM interactions enhanced in narrow redshift ranges
A redshift-limited dark matter-neutrino interaction reproduces the observed preference for non-zero coupling in CMB and cosmic shear data and evades small-scale structure bounds.
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Probing light neutralinos from pair-produced sleptons with displaced vertices at the high-luminosity LHC
A displaced-vertex search for slepton pair production at the HL-LHC can probe RPV coupling lambda-prime-111 down to about 1e-7 and neutralino masses up to roughly 1 TeV, far beyond single-slepton production.
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Proof of principle for a light dark matter search with low-energy positron beams at NA64
A 70 GeV positron-beam missing-energy search at NA64 found zero signal events and set new dark photon limits, demonstrating the feasibility of a future low-energy positron program.
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Gravitational Waves dynamics with Higgs portal and U(1) X SU(2) interactions
A Higgs portal inflation model is shown to enhance sourced gravitational waves from an axion-SU(2) spectator to a tensor-to-scalar ratio of about 0.04, making them detectable by LiteBIRD.
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Dark Photons and Gravitino Like Particles: Complete EFT Operator Basis
A new on-shell method using Young tableaux constructs complete EFT operator bases for massive particles of any spin, applied to dark photons and spin-3/2 gravitino-like particles up to dimension 8.
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Flavor at FASER: Discovering Light Scalars Beyond Minimal Flavor Violation
Flavored scalar models with a Froggatt-Nielsen symmetry make D-meson decays a major production source for long-lived scalars at FASER/FASER2, with reach presented model-independently in branching fraction and lifetime...
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Probing Solar Heavy Neutrinos with Heliospheric Electrons
Using Ulysses and SOHO MeV electron data, the authors set the strongest direct upper bound U_e^2 ~ 10^-6 on solar-produced heavy neutral leptons, reaching that value at a mass near 10 MeV.
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Low-scale seesaw with flavour and CP symmetries $\unicode{x2013}$ from colliders to leptogenesis
For four flavour-symmetry cases, this paper maps heavy-neutrino lifetimes, decay flavour ratios, and the parameter space where leptogenesis works and colliders can test it.
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Vacuum Metastability from Axion-Higgs Criticality
An ALP-Higgs coupling can lower the vacuum instability scale to near the weak scale, predicting an axion-like particle between 1 MeV and 20 GeV that future experiments can fully probe.
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Searching for a solar relaxion/scalar with XENON1T and LUX
XENON1T S2 data constrain the solar scalar-electron coupling below 2e-15 at 90% CL, about three times weaker than the best stellar cooling bound.
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Constraining axion-like particles from rare pion decays
Existing PIENU and PIBETA rare pion decay data constrain ALP-pion mixing to sin^2 theta below about 1e-5 for ALP masses from 10 MeV to the pion mass.
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Probing the Symmetric Higgs Portal with Di-Higgs Boson Production
Di-Higgs production at a future 100 TeV hadron collider can probe Higgs portal couplings of a stable scalar of order one for masses above half the Higgs mass.
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Probing the freeze-in mechanism in dark matter models with $U(1)^\prime$ gauge extensions
A new calculation of freeze-in dark matter in U(1)B-L models shows XENON1T already constrains the parameter space and maps the targets for future experiments.
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Light scalar production from Higgs bosons and FASER 2
A general scalar portal with independent production and decay couplings lets FASER 2 with a 1.5 m radius detector probe scalar masses from a few GeV up to half the Higgs mass.
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Long-lived sterile neutrinos from axionlike particles at the Super Tau-Charm Facility
STCF can reach |V_eN|^2 values one to two orders of magnitude below current bounds for heavy neutral leptons via displaced-vertex searches from ALP decays in D-meson production.
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Probing ALP couplings to electroweak gauge bosons
Rare two-body meson decays give the strongest current bounds on the ALP-W coupling for light ALPs, with Z-boson decays and future lepton colliders extending the reach to heavier masses.
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Exploring the lifetime frontier with a beam-dump experiment at CiADS
A proposed CiADS beam-dump experiment could search for dark photons and reach currently unexcluded parameter space around 100 MeV mass and 1e-9 to 1e-8 kinetic mixing.
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Forbidden frozen-in dark matter
Thermal corrections to a mediator mass can open kinematically forbidden decays and produce dark matter, with a relic abundance nearly independent of the dark matter mass for renormalizable couplings.
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Searching for long-lived particles from stopped pions and muons at the CiADS-BDE
Projected 5-year sensitivity of the proposed CiADS-BDE shows reach beyond current bounds for HNLs, electrophilic and LFV ALPs, and RPV light binos.
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Conformal Mapping in Matching Quark Correlation Functions to Parton Distribution Functions
Conformal mapping of the Borel-transformed matching kernel reduces the scale-variation error band for quark correlation function to PDF matching by up to 40%.
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Constraining the top quark effective field theory using the top quark pair production in association with a jet at future lepton colliders
Simulated e+e- -> ttbar + jet events at 500 GeV and 3 TeV show future lepton colliders could limit top-quark SMEFT Wilson coefficients down to 10^-3 to 10^-4 at 95% CL.
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CODEX-b: Opening New Windows to the Long-Lived Particle Frontier at the LHC
CODEX-b is a proposed 10-meter cube near LHCb for catching long-lived new particles, and this ESPP paper presents optimized cheaper designs, cost and timeline estimates, and the CODEX-β demonstrator already installed ...
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Summary Report of the Physics Beyond Colliders Study at CERN
The Physics Beyond Colliders report updates the case for a broad non-collider experimental programme at CERN, arguing it is essential for exploring dark sectors, neutrino physics, and QCD.
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Experiments to test the hypothesis for solar and dark matter axions
This is a pedagogical review of haloscope and helioscope experiments searching for dark matter and solar axions, with an overview of near-future technological developments.
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New Physics Opportunities at Neutrino Facilities: BSM Physics at Accelerator, Atmospheric, and Reactor Neutrino Experiments
A workshop-based review maps beyond-Standard-Model discovery opportunities at accelerator, reactor, atmospheric, and cosmic neutrino facilities, with emphasis on East Asian programs.
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Right-handed neutrinos: seesaw models and signatures
A pedagogical review that explains how adding right-handed neutrinos can generate small neutrino masses through seesaw mechanisms and what experimental signatures such models predict.
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Axion Searches at the CERN SPS: From Their Dawn to Current Prospects
A review of axion and ALP searches at the CERN SPS, covering Barbiellini's 1982 proposal, the CHARM experiment, NA62/NA64 results, and future directions.
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