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Relativistic spin hydrodynamics with torsion and linear response theory for spin relaxation

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arxiv 2107.14231 v2 pith:GX4B4QG5 submitted 2021-07-29 hep-th cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phnucl-th

classification hep-thcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phnucl-th
keywords spinhydrodynamicsmodesrelaxationdensitylinearnon-hydrodynamicrelativistic
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Using the second law of local thermodynamics and the first-order Palatini formalism, we formulate relativistic spin hydrodynamics for quantum field theories with Dirac fermions, such as QED and QCD, in a torsionful curved background. We work in a regime where spin density, which is assumed to relax much slower than other non-hydrodynamic modes, is treated as an independent degree of freedom in an extended hydrodynamic description. Spin hydrodynamics in our approach contains only three non-hydrodynamic modes corresponding to a spin vector, whose relaxation time is controlled by a new transport coefficient: the rotational viscosity. We study linear response theory and observe an interesting mode mixing phenomenon between the transverse shear and the spin density modes. We propose several field-theoretical ways to compute the spin relaxation time and the rotational viscosity, via the Green-Kubo formula based on retarded correlation functions.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Theory of Spinful Relativistic Superfluids

    nucl-th 2026-07 accept novelty 7.5 of 10

    A single quantized topological term in the dual effective action of a spinful relativistic superfluid produces the relativistic Mermin-Ho relation, anomalous Ettingshausen/Hall transport, and anomalous Hall viscosity.

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    Spinning D3-brane hydrodynamics in 10d maps to anomalous chiral hydrodynamics in 4d, identifying the R-current anomaly as a 10d gravitational anomaly.

  3. Local Spin Polarization in Anisotropic Gubser Flow: Suppression Mechanism and Formulation Dependence

    nucl-th 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In an anisotropic Gubser flow, the longitudinal spin polarization's sign depends on which shear formulation is used, and two popular formulations show exact or near-exact cancellation between vorticity and shear contr...

  4. Tensor spin polarization induced by curved freeze-out hypersurface

    hep-ph 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The curvature of the freeze-out hypersurface induces a tensor spin polarization of vector mesons at leading gradient order, with predicted phi-meson spin alignment around -10^-4 to -10^-3.

  5. Relativistic spin hydrodynamics with antisymmetric spin tensors and an extension of the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equation

    nucl-th 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A new entropy-principle formulation of relativistic spin hydrodynamics yields a modified BMT spin evolution equation and spin-induced transport corrections that map onto inverse and anomalous Hall effects.

  6. On the local thermodynamic relations in relativistic spin hydrodynamics

    nucl-th 2025-06 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    For free fermions in rotating and accelerating global equilibrium, the derivative of pressure with respect to the spin potential differs from the spin density, and no entropy-gauge transformation can restore the stand...

  7. Generalized relativistic second-order spin hydrodynamics from Zubarev's non-equilibrium statistical operator

    nucl-th 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Second-order spin hydrodynamics is extended with nonlocal memory corrections, adding new acceleration-dependent terms to diffusion, rotational stress, and heat-current equations.

  8. Vector and Tensor Spin Polarization for Vector Bosons at Local Equilibrium

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Vector meson spin alignment at local equilibrium is shown to arise only at second order in thermodynamic gradients, with explicit analytic formulas for the contributing terms.

  9. Spin polarization of an expanding and rotating system

    nucl-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Derives closed equations for spin moments and a first-order longitudinal polarization formula for a boost-invariant, rotating relativistic fluid, connecting free streaming to hydrodynamics.

  10. Spin dynamics with realistic hydrodynamic background for relativistic heavy-ion collisions

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Solving perfect spin hydrodynamics on a realistic 3+1D Au+Au background requires the spin evolution to start near 4 fm/c to describe Lambda polarization data.

  11. Effective Field Theories for Material Media

    hep-th 2026-07 accept novelty 4.0 of 10

    Spacetime-symmetry-breaking Goldstone EFTs systematically describe bulk and localized excitations of solids, fluids, and superfluids, with new thermodynamic identifications and corrected scattering rates.

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    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 2.0 of 10

    The paper proposes a hybrid perfect and dissipative spin hydrodynamics built on generalized tensor thermodynamic relations, but it contains no new derivation beyond the cited prior works.

  13. An introduction to relativistic spin hydrodynamics

    nucl-th 2024-11 accept novelty 1.0 of 10

    A review that derives the constitutive equations of relativistic spin hydrodynamics from thermodynamics and surveys challenges like pseudo-gauge ambiguity and spin freeze-out.

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