Chiral symmetry corrections in lattice QCD fits shift the D0*(2300) resonance pole closer to the Dπ threshold and reduce its width, while coupled channels produce a two-pole structure.
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The hidden-charm pentaquark and tetraquark states
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abstract
In the past decade many charmonium-like states were observed experimentally. Especially those charged charmonium-like $Z_c$ states and bottomonium-like $Z_b$ states can not be accommodated within the naive quark model. These charged $Z_c$ states are good candidates of either the hidden-charm tetraquark states or molecules composed of a pair of charmed mesons. Recently, the LHCb Collaboration discovered two hidden-charm pentaquark states, which are also beyond the quark model. In this work, we review the current experimental progress and investigate various theoretical interpretations of these candidates of the multiquark states. We list the puzzles and theoretical challenges of these models when confronted with the experimental data. We also discuss possible future measurements which may distinguish the theoretical schemes on the underlying structures of the hidden-charm multiquark states.
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A quark-diquark formalism extracts effective masses and couplings from known heavy baryon data to predict spectra across singly, doubly, and triply heavy sectors with two scenarios and a mass-dependent binding term.
Imposing the SU(3) flavor eigenstate condition on udsc c-bar pentaquarks in a constituent quark model yields two structures matching the masses of P_cs(4338) and P_cs(4459) plus two additional predicted states below the J/ψΛ threshold.
Born-Oppenheimer approximation calculations for doubly heavy hadrons match Gaussian expansion benchmarks at small heavy quark masses but diverge at larger masses, with Slater-type functions overestimating and Gaussian-type underestimating binding energies.
Joint analysis of experimental and lattice data confirms Z_c(3900) and Z_cs(3985) as SU(3) flavor partners with pole masses (3879.6 ± 4.8) MeV and (3976.9 ± 5.1) MeV, half-widths (32.2 ± 4.7) MeV and (28.8 ± 5.9) MeV, both resonances.
The DDK system supports a deeply bound compact state across wide parameters and possibly a shallow three-body halo state near the D-DK threshold, with negligible D*D*K coupling and no resonances.
Unquenched calculation finds sizable 2P-1F mixing in charmonium with angles 7.5° and 15.4°, yielding predictions for two-photon and two-gluon decay widths.
The authors construct and publicly release the TQ4Q2.0 fragmentation functions for all-heavy S-wave tetraquarks via NRQCD factorization, extending prior work with nonconstituent contributions and replica-based uncertainties.
Quark-exchange interactions at short distances dominate the coupled-channel scattering amplitudes for Zc(3900) over meson exchanges in an effective hadron-quark model.
QCD sum rules with local meson-meson currents for the K(1690) consistently predict masses around 2 GeV or above, disfavoring a molecular interpretation in favor of a compact multiquark state.
Using effective Lagrangians under molecular assumptions for η_c D* and J/ψ D*, the authors estimate B_c production branching ratios of 10^{-4} and 10^{-5} respectively, with decay widths O(MeV).
Develops uncertainty-aware fragmentation functions PQ5Q1.1 for all-charm pentaquarks using multimodal perturbative and nonperturbative modeling for collider predictions.
citing papers explorer
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Analysis of the $D_0^*(2300)$ resonance from lattice QCD under chiral symmetry
Chiral symmetry corrections in lattice QCD fits shift the D0*(2300) resonance pole closer to the Dπ threshold and reduce its width, while coupled channels produce a two-pole structure.
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Quark-diquark effective mass formalism for heavy baryon spectroscopy
A quark-diquark formalism extracts effective masses and couplings from known heavy baryon data to predict spectra across singly, doubly, and triply heavy sectors with two scenarios and a mass-dependent binding term.
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Hidden-charm $uds\,c\bar c$ pentaquarks as flavor eigenstates in a constituent quark model
Imposing the SU(3) flavor eigenstate condition on udsc c-bar pentaquarks in a constituent quark model yields two structures matching the masses of P_cs(4338) and P_cs(4459) plus two additional predicted states below the J/ψΛ threshold.
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Assessing the validity of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation in potential models for doubly heavy hadrons
Born-Oppenheimer approximation calculations for doubly heavy hadrons match Gaussian expansion benchmarks at small heavy quark masses but diverge at larger masses, with Slater-type functions overestimating and Gaussian-type underestimating binding energies.
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Determination of the $Z_c(3900)$ and the $Z_{cs}(3985)$ states from joint analysis of experimental and lattice data
Joint analysis of experimental and lattice data confirms Z_c(3900) and Z_cs(3985) as SU(3) flavor partners with pole masses (3879.6 ± 4.8) MeV and (3976.9 ± 5.1) MeV, half-widths (32.2 ± 4.7) MeV and (28.8 ± 5.9) MeV, both resonances.
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Coupled-channel study of the three-body $DDK$ and $D^{*}D^{*}K$
The DDK system supports a deeply bound compact state across wide parameters and possibly a shallow three-body halo state near the D-DK threshold, with negligible D*D*K coupling and no resonances.
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Proposed mixing between $2P$ and $1F$ wave charmonia
Unquenched calculation finds sizable 2P-1F mixing in charmonium with angles 7.5° and 15.4°, yielding predictions for two-photon and two-gluon decay widths.
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All-charm tetraquarks at hadron colliders: A high-precision fragmentation perspective
The authors construct and publicly release the TQ4Q2.0 fragmentation functions for all-heavy S-wave tetraquarks via NRQCD factorization, extending prior work with nonconstituent contributions and replica-based uncertainties.
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$D\bar{D}^\ast$-$\pi J/\psi$ scatterings of coupled channels for $Z_c(3900)$ channel
Quark-exchange interactions at short distances dominate the coupled-channel scattering amplitudes for Zc(3900) over meson exchanges in an effective hadron-quark model.
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QCD sum rule analysis of local meson-meson currents for the $K(1690)$ state
QCD sum rules with local meson-meson currents for the K(1690) consistently predict masses around 2 GeV or above, disfavoring a molecular interpretation in favor of a compact multiquark state.
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Analysis of molecular state ${{\eta}_cD^*}$ and ${J/\psi D^*}$ in the effective Lagrangian approach
Using effective Lagrangians under molecular assumptions for η_c D* and J/ψ D*, the authors estimate B_c production branching ratios of 10^{-4} and 10^{-5} respectively, with decay widths O(MeV).
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Multimodal Fragmentation of All-Heavy Pentaquarks: Uncertainty-Aware Predictions for Hadron Colliders
Develops uncertainty-aware fragmentation functions PQ5Q1.1 for all-charm pentaquarks using multimodal perturbative and nonperturbative modeling for collider predictions.