A quasar pair at z=5.7 is confirmed in a galaxy merger via ALMA, setting a lower limit of >1.2% on the pair fraction at 5.5<z<6 and linking it to the PTA gravitational wave background.
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abstract
(Abridged) We develop a model for the cosmological role of mergers in the evolution of starbursts, quasars, and spheroidal galaxies. Combining halo mass functions (MFs) with empirical halo occupation models, we calculate where major galaxy-galaxy mergers occur and what kinds of galaxies merge, at all redshifts. We compare with observed merger MFs, clustering, fractions, and small-scale environments, and show that this yields robust estimates in good agreement with observations. Making the simple ansatz that major, gas-rich mergers cause quasar activity, we demonstrate that this naturally reproduces the observed rise and fall of the quasar luminosity density from z=0-6, as well as quasar LFs, fractions, host galaxy colors, and clustering as a function of redshift and luminosity. The observed excess of quasar clustering on small scales is a natural prediction of the model, as mergers preferentially occur in regions with excess small-scale galaxy overdensities. We show that quasar environments at all observed redshifts correspond closely to the empirically determined small group scale, where mergers of gas-rich galaxies are most efficient. We contrast with a secular model in which quasar activity is driven by bars/disk instabilities, and show that while these modes probably dominate at Seyfert luminosities, the constraints from clustering (large and small-scale), pseudobulge populations, disk MFs, luminosity density evolution, and host galaxy colors argue that they must be a small contributor to the z>1 quasar luminosity density.
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A massive quiescent galaxy at z=3.449 exhibits low rotation (λ_Re = 0.123) consistent with slow-rotator kinematics, indicating early formation of dispersion-dominated systems.
The eRASS1 data release catalogs nearly 930,000 X-ray sources from the first six months of the eROSITA survey, increasing known sources by over 60% and resolving 20% of the 1-2 keV cosmic X-ray background.
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
SPHEREx data confirm 77 new luminous heavily reddened quasars at 1.5<z<3.9 that are hot-dust poor relative to unobscured quasars, supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
In LambdaCDM simulations, over 90% of subhalo sinking events occur between adjacent hierarchy levels, satellite-satellite mergers can rival central-satellite rates at low masses, and the overall merger landscape deviates from self-similarity.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
ArkenstoneBH is a new subgrid model for the hot phase of black hole feedback that, in isolated galaxy tests, suppresses star formation by counteracting gas inflows from the circumgalactic medium.
Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are more extended, asymmetric, and show steeper velocity dispersion declines than those around obscured quasars, supporting an evolutionary AGN model at cosmic noon.
JWST data show massive quiescent galaxies in high-redshift proto-clusters formed and quenched simultaneously, with AGN signatures, indicating environmental triggering of quenching.
The dust-obscured galaxy J1010+3725 hosts a complex ionized outflow consisting of five narrow components with velocities from -1475 to +507 km/s and high hydrogen densities above 10^5 cm^{-3}.
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
Horizon-AGN shows galaxy and black hole merger rates both rise with stellar mass and fall with redshift, peaking near z=2-3, establishing a direct evolutionary link from galaxy interactions to black hole coalescences.
Post-starburst galaxies at cosmic noon show very low radio detection rates and compact weak sources, consistent with short-lived low-luminosity AGN, while older quiescent galaxies exhibit stronger extended radio emission.
Massive quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon are compact and bulge-dominated with inside-out quenching, where inner regions formed stars ~0.5 Gyr earlier and quenched faster than outskirts.
Five new HI 21-cm absorption detections in LERGs and HERGs at z<0.5 reveal disturbed gas kinematics with velocity offsets over 350 km/s and a 3% detection rate consistent with lower-redshift samples.
Massive quiescent galaxies at high redshifts show elevated fractions in small-scale overdensities, indicating environmental quenching via galaxy interactions plays a major role.
Detection of [NII]205μm and CO lines plus SED analysis in the Red Radio Ring at z=2.55 shows co-spatial ionized and molecular gas, high column density after dust correction, and starburst-powered ISM.
Multi-scale radio observations of 15 local U/LIRGs decompose emission to show nuclear components contribute ~50% on average while diffuse SF-related emission dominates ~80% of total power, with radio excess linked to AGN rather than boosted star formation.
Spirals paired with ellipticals show centrally suppressed star formation and higher gas-phase metallicities than spirals paired with other spirals, with the effect scaling with companion mass and gas kinematics.
GAMA 376183 is a rare Eddington-limited heavily obscured AGN in a merging low-mass galaxy, triggered by the merger and identified via strong [Ne V] emission.
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A Close Quasar Pair in a Massive Galaxy Merger at $z=5.7$
A quasar pair at z=5.7 is confirmed in a galaxy merger via ALMA, setting a lower limit of >1.2% on the pair fraction at 5.5<z<6 and linking it to the PTA gravitational wave background.
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A massive and evolved slow-rotating galaxy in the early Universe
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The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey: First X-ray catalogues and data release of the western Galactic hemisphere
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SDSS-V: Revealing a weak accretion state in X-ray selected red quasars
Red quasars are intrinsically X-ray weak with low alpha_OX values, tracing a distinct evolutionary stage of suppressed black hole accretion relative to stellar mass growth.
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Hidden Monsters with SPHEREx I: A goldmine for heavily reddened quasars at cosmic noon
SPHEREx data confirm 77 new luminous heavily reddened quasars at 1.5<z<3.9 that are hot-dust poor relative to unobscured quasars, supporting a blow-out feedback phase.
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Resolving the Unresolved Galactic Winds in Multi-phase Models. I. Methodology and Application
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
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A Census of Na D-traced neutral ISM and outflows at $0.6<z<4$
A JWST census detects neutral ISM absorption in 76 of 309 galaxies at 0.6<z<4 and outflows in 26, indicating AGN-driven neutral outflows dominate in quiescent systems at cosmic noon.
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The Broken Similarity: Sinking and Merging of Dark Matter Subhalos Across Hierarchical Levels
In LambdaCDM simulations, over 90% of subhalo sinking events occur between adjacent hierarchy levels, satellite-satellite mergers can rival central-satellite rates at low masses, and the overall merger landscape deviates from self-similarity.
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pop-cosmos: Star formation over 12 Gyr from generative modelling of a deep infrared-selected galaxy catalogue
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
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Kinematic Stratification in Extremely Red Quasars Revealed by JWST
JWST observations of ERQs show stratified gas kinematics via deblended optical emission lines, with UV lines dominated by scattered light and optical lines mixing scattered and obscured emission.
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ArkenstoneBH. A model for high-specific energy black hole feedback in cosmological simulations
ArkenstoneBH is a new subgrid model for the hot phase of black hole feedback that, in isolated galaxy tests, suppresses star formation by counteracting gas inflows from the circumgalactic medium.
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Constraining the nature of active galactic nuclei through circumgalactic Lya emission at z=2-3
Lya nebulae around unobscured quasars are more extended, asymmetric, and show steeper velocity dispersion declines than those around obscured quasars, supporting an evolutionary AGN model at cosmic noon.
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DeepDive: Simultaneous Formation of Massive Quiescent Galaxies in High-Redshift Galaxy Proto-clusters
JWST data show massive quiescent galaxies in high-redshift proto-clusters formed and quenched simultaneously, with AGN signatures, indicating environmental triggering of quenching.
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Dense Ionized Outflow with Five Narrow Components in a Dust-obscured Galaxy
The dust-obscured galaxy J1010+3725 hosts a complex ionized outflow consisting of five narrow components with velocities from -1475 to +507 km/s and high hydrogen densities above 10^5 cm^{-3}.
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The Hubble sequence in JWST CEERS from unbiased galaxy morphologies
A Hubble-like sequence of galaxy morphologies exists by redshift 4, with low-mass galaxies as persistent star-forming disks and massive galaxies following either stable disk or rapid compaction-quenching paths.
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One Merge to Rule Them All: From Galaxy Interactions to Black Hole Mergers Using Horizon-AGN
Horizon-AGN shows galaxy and black hole merger rates both rise with stellar mass and fall with redshift, peaking near z=2-3, establishing a direct evolutionary link from galaxy interactions to black hole coalescences.
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Tracing Radio AGN-Driven Quenching in Post-Starburst Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
Post-starburst galaxies at cosmic noon show very low radio detection rates and compact weak sources, consistent with short-lived low-luminosity AGN, while older quiescent galaxies exhibit stronger extended radio emission.
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Morphological and Star Formation Properties of Cosmic Noon Massive Quiescent Galaxies
Massive quiescent galaxies at cosmic noon are compact and bulge-dominated with inside-out quenching, where inner regions formed stars ~0.5 Gyr earlier and quenched faster than outskirts.
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HI 21-cm absorption in low- and high-excitation radio-loud AGNs at $z<0.5$ from MALS
Five new HI 21-cm absorption detections in LERGs and HERGs at z<0.5 reveal disturbed gas kinematics with velocity offsets over 350 km/s and a 3% detection rate consistent with lower-redshift samples.
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The role of small-scale environments in the quenching of massive galaxies at $1<z<5$
Massive quiescent galaxies at high redshifts show elevated fractions in small-scale overdensities, indicating environmental quenching via galaxy interactions plays a major role.
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The "Red Radio Ring": Ionised and Molecular Gas in a Starburst/Active Galactic Nucleus at $z \sim 2.55$
Detection of [NII]205μm and CO lines plus SED analysis in the Red Radio Ring at z=2.55 shows co-spatial ionized and molecular gas, high column density after dust correction, and starburst-powered ISM.
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The PARADIGM Project II: Characterising Nuclear and Diffuse Radio Components in Local U/LIRGs
Multi-scale radio observations of 15 local U/LIRGs decompose emission to show nuclear components contribute ~50% on average while diffuse SF-related emission dominates ~80% of total power, with radio excess linked to AGN rather than boosted star formation.
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Radial Distribution of Star Formation and Gas-phase Metallicity in Spiral-Elliptical Galaxy Pairs
Spirals paired with ellipticals show centrally suppressed star formation and higher gas-phase metallicities than spirals paired with other spirals, with the effect scaling with companion mass and gas kinematics.
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A Rare Eddington-Limited, Heavily Obscured Low-Mass Active Galactic Nucleus Likely Triggered by a Galaxy Merger
GAMA 376183 is a rare Eddington-limited heavily obscured AGN in a merging low-mass galaxy, triggered by the merger and identified via strong [Ne V] emission.
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Massive black holes and their galaxies
A review summarizing detection methods, population statistics, and coevolution of supermassive black holes with host galaxies from early universe observations and simulations.