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Supersymmetric Dark Matter
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There is almost universal agreement among astronomers that most of the mass in the Universe and most of the mass in the Galactic halo is dark. Many lines of reasoning suggest that the dark matter consists of some new, as yet undiscovered, weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP). There is now a vast experimental effort being surmounted to detect WIMPS in the halo. The most promising techniques involve direct detection in low-background laboratory detectors and indirect detection through observation of energetic neutrinos from annihilation of WIMPs that have accumulated in the Sun and/or the Earth. Of the many WIMP candidates, perhaps the best motivated and certainly the most theoretically developed is the neutralino, the lightest superpartner in many supersymmetric theories. We review the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model and discuss prospects for detection of neutralino dark matter. We review in detail how to calculate the cosmological abundance of the neutralino and the event rates for both direct- and indirect-detection schemes, and we discuss astrophysical and laboratory constraints on supersymmetric models. We isolate and clarify the uncertainties from particle physics, nuclear physics, and astrophysics that enter at each step in the calculation. We briefly review other related dark-matter candidates and detection techniques.
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Showing 60 of 72 Pith papers that cite this
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Search for resonant production of lepton-enriched semivisible jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
A CMS search with 138 fb^-1 of 13 TeV data finds no lepton-enriched semivisible jet resonance and excludes Z' masses up to 4.7 TeV (SVJ l) and 1.8-3.5 TeV (SVJ tau) at 95% CL.
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Large-Field Vacuum Decay in General Multi-Scalar Theories
In the large-field limit, multi-scalar vacuum decay is dominated by a radial (straight-line) bounce, reducing the calculation to minimizing an effective quartic coupling.
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Dark Phoenix: dark matter relic from its own decay
A transient post-freeze-out decay window for dark matter, closed by a first-order phase transition that jumps a partner mass, can reduce an overproduced thermal relic to the observed abundance.
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Are Primordial Black Holes a Natural Dark Matter Candidate?
PBH dark matter spans all naturalness tiers, with some mechanisms as natural as WIMPs or freeze-in particles, determined by abundance map structure rather than candidate type.
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Light PIDM in Warped Extra Dimensions
A UV-Dark-IR brane construction in warped 5D space allows light (MeV-TeV) purely gravitational dark matter to freeze in with TeV-scale reheating temperatures.
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Dark Matter-Electron Detectors for Dark Matter-Nucleon Interactions
Electron-sensitive superconducting detectors are simultaneously sensitive to dark matter-nucleon interactions, yielding new bounds on MeV-scale hadrophilic dark matter.
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Pseudo-FIMP dark matter in presence of a SIMP
A feebly interacting dark matter particle can become a pseudo-FIMP by staying in equilibrium through conversion with a strongly self-interacting SIMP partner; the paper demonstrates this with coupled Boltzmann equatio...
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Fine-tuning in mixed Dark Matter models with Primordial Black Hole relics
In mixed dark matter models combining Planck-mass black hole relics, Hawking-evaporated particles, and a WIMP, freeze-in, or axion component, the total abundance's fine-tuning is dominated by the primordial power spec...
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Unveiling the Vanishing Higgsino-Nucleon Scattering in the MSSM at Next-to-Leading Order
Near the stop-top kinematic threshold, next-to-leading-order corrections cancel the leading Higgsino-nucleon scattering amplitude, pushing the spin-independent cross section below the neutrino floor in parts of the MS...
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Extreme mass-ratio inspirals into Newtonian Proca stars
For Newtonian Proca stars, a perturbing object on a circular orbit loses nearly the same energy in the vector ground state as in the scalar boson-star ground state (within ~20%), while the spherical excited Proca stat...
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Vortex-reconnection energy bounds in Bose-Einstein-condensed and superfluid dark matter halos
Vortex reconnections in BEC/superfluid dark matter halos produce dark-sector heating at a rate that is secular but sub-virial for relaxed non-interacting soliton cores, with the dominant uncertainty being the true vor...
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Radiative Neutrino Mass in a Nonholomorphic $T'$ Modular Invariant Model
A nonholomorphic T' modular model realizes the T4-2-i one-loop topology for radiative Majorana neutrino masses, forbids tree-level seesaws via modular assignments, stabilizes DM with residual Z2, and fits oscillation ...
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Light rings, gravitational lensing, and ISCOs of exotic compact objects in Einstein-scalar-Maxwell theories
A new family of shell-like, charged, horizonless compact objects is constructed in Einstein-scalar-Maxwell theory, with photon-ring, lensing, and ISCO predictions.
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Mixed Freeze-In and Freeze-Out Histories and Dark-Sector Decays in a $\mathbb{Z}_4$ Two-Scalar Model
A Z4 two-scalar Higgs-portal dark matter model stays viable under LZ exclusions when one or both scalars are produced via freeze-in, and late dark-sector decays generate SuperWIMP, injection-assisted freeze-out, and s...
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Light Dark Matter Search with 7.8 Tonne-Year of Ionization-Only Data in XENONnT
An S2-only analysis of 7.83 tonne-years of XENONnT data finds no dark matter excess and sets 90% CL limits, e.g. 6.0e-45 cm^2 for spin-independent scattering at 5 GeV/c^2.
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Physical implications of a double right-handed gauge symmetry
A double right-handed U(1) gauge extension generates the Standard Model fermion mass hierarchy at tree and loop levels and stabilizes a viable scalar singlet dark matter particle consistent with relic density and dire...
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BinaryGFH-v2: Improved method to search for gravitational waves from sub-solar-mass, ultra-compact binaries using the Generalized Frequency-Hough Transform
BinaryGFH-v2 is a modified GFH method that can search for inspiraling binaries with chirp masses 0.01–0.1 solar masses, validated in Gaussian noise and projected to constrain PBH dark matter.
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Ultralight Dark Matter from the Edge of Field Space
A scalar with hard field-space boundaries — a 'wallion' — is a viable ultralight dark-matter candidate whose exponentially small, radiatively stable mass and saturated relic density at large misalignment also suppress...
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Reviving WIMP dark matter with temperature-dependent couplings
Temperature-dependent DM couplings mediated by a scalar field's VEV that drops after a first-order phase transition allow sufficient early-universe annihilations for the observed relic density while evading current di...
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Novel probes for electron-muon flavor violation from exotic Higgs decays
Novel multilepton signatures from Higgs decays to a light pseudoscalar decaying to e-mu pairs in type-III 2HDM can set stronger limits on LFV couplings than low-energy experiments.
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Search for High-Energy Neutrinos From the Sun Using Ten Years of IceCube Data
No dark matter neutrinos from the Sun appear in ten years of IceCube data, so the collaboration sets new world-leading upper limits on high-mass spin-dependent dark matter-nucleon scattering and on solar atmospheric n...
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Unveiling the inert Triplet desert region with a pNGB Dark Matter and its Gravitational Wave signatures
A two-component dark matter model combining an inert scalar triplet with a pseudo-Goldstone singlet revives the sub-TeV triplet desert region and predicts gravitational waves detectable by LISA, BBO, and DECIGO.
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Asymmetric Dark Matter in SUSY with approximate $R-$symmetry
A supersymmetric model with approximate R-symmetry links the baryon asymmetry to a gravitino dark matter relic, predicting a 5 to 10 GeV gravitino and a multi-TeV sparticle spectrum.
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Vortices and rotating solitons in ultralight dark matter
Rotating solitons in self-interacting ultralight dark matter form through a uniform vortex lattice, with a maximum radius about 1.59 times and a maximum rotation rate about 1.34 times the square root of the central density.
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Two-component Dark Matter and low scale Thermal Leptogenesis
A two-component dark matter extension of the scotogenic model in which both dark matter particles participate in the CP violation that generates the observed baryon asymmetry at the TeV scale.
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Formation of solitons and their transitions in scalar-field dark matter models with a non-polynomial self-interaction potential
A saturating scalar self-interaction lets dark matter halos form Thomas-Fermi solitons, fuzzy solitons, or transitions between them, with even subdominant interactions seeding fuzzy solitons.
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Black Holes from Fermi Ball Collapse
With a quartic scalar self-coupling, dark-sector Fermi balls saturate early and become compact enough to collapse into primordial black holes.
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First Searches for Dark Matter with the KM3NeT Neutrino Telescopes
KM3NeT's first dark matter searches set new upper limits on WIMP annihilation in the Galactic Centre and WIMP-nucleon scattering in the Sun.
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Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and WIMP Dark Matter Freeze-Out as Probes of Yukawa Cosmology
Using BBN and WIMP relic density, the authors constrain the Yukawa gravity coupling α to about -0.017 to 0.018, with the lithium discrepancy still unexplained.
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Molecular clouds constraints on sub-GeV DM and asteroid-mass PBHs
Molecular-cloud ionization yields competitive constraints on sub-GeV dark matter annihilation/decay and on asteroid-mass primordial black holes, particularly for PBHs above 10^16 g.
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A geometric origin for the radiative neutrino portal to secluded dark matter
A brane-separated fifth dimension gives a geometric origin for the vanishing tree-level Higgs-hidden-scalar portal, leaving seesaw neutrinos to generate a small radiative portal that makes secluded dark matter viable ...
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Minimal Majoron Dark Matter from a Discrete $Z_N$ Gauge Symmetry
Discrete Z_N-protected majoron dark matter excludes Z_5, leaves Z_7/Z_11/Z_13 viable, and predicts a 1–10 MeV Z_7 majoron testable by COSI through 511 keV and γγ lines.
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Multipolar Dark Matter Freeze-out in an Early Matter-Dominated Universe
Entropy dilution from early matter domination reduces the couplings needed for multipolar dark matter to match the observed relic density, reopening regions excluded under radiation domination.
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Size Dependence of the Sommerfeld Enhancement for Puffy Dark Matter
Finite size of puffy dark matter is identified as a fundamental factor affecting Sommerfeld enhancement, characterized via two dimensionless parameters, with nugget-type DM showing resonant behavior akin to point-like...
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Lyman-$\alpha$ forest constraints on pure and mixed fuzzy dark matter
Lyman-alpha forest data yield m_FDM > 1.9e-21 eV (95% CL) for pure FDM and f_FDM upper limits of 0.07-0.65 for mixed FDM at log10(m_FDM/eV) = -23 to -21.
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Probing Inelastic Dark Matter via Cosmic-Ray Upscattering in NGC 1068
Constraints on sub-GeV inelastic dark matter are derived from cosmic-ray cooling in NGC 1068 by including elastic and deep inelastic scattering in a vector-portal model.
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Probing freeze-in dark matter using Bose-Einstein condensate in neutron star
Bose-Einstein condensate formation in neutron stars enhances dark matter annihilation by 10^15-10^20, allowing freeze-in models to produce observable heating and probe neutrino-fog scattering cross-sections.
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Search for the pair production of long-lived supersymmetric partners of the tau lepton in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No long-lived staus are observed; CMS excludes stau masses up to 425 GeV at 50 mm lifetime (mass-degenerate) and decay lengths 21-94 mm / 6-333 mm at 200 GeV.
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Search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
A CMS search with 138 fb^-1 of 13 TeV data finds no dark matter produced with a Higgs boson decaying to bottom quarks, and sets 95% CL exclusions on Z' and 2HDM+a model parameters.
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Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter with M{\"o}ssbauer Resonance
A stationary Mössbauer setup with 109Ag could probe ultralight scalar dark matter couplings down to roughly 10^-18 GeV^-1 (photon), 10^-21 (gluon), and 10^-22 (quark).
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Dark Matter Heating in Evolving Proto-Neutron Stars: A Two-Fluid Approach
Dark matter cores heat baryonic matter in evolving proto-neutron stars by deepening the gravitational potential while halos cool it, providing a diagnostic distinct from hyperons.
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Relaxed constraints for dark matter with axial coupling to a dark photon
Axial coupling of Dirac dark matter to a kinetically-mixed dark photon suppresses the standard direct-detection signal and opens large allowed regions in the WIMP parameter space.
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The Impact of Population III.1 Flash Reionization for CMB Polarization and Thomson Scattering Optical Depth
An early 'Pop III.1 Flash' reionization phase shifts CMB polarization power from l<8 to l>8, allowing a higher optical depth τ≈0.08–0.09 while staying closer to Planck's low-l EE data than a standard tanh reionization model.
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Inert dark matter in three Higgs doublet model: a blind spot narrative
In a Z3 x Z2-symmetric three-Higgs-doublet model with one inert doublet, the tree-level dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section can vanish in a blind spot set by the dark sector mass splitting.
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Electromagnetic Dirac Cogenesis
A single out-of-equilibrium decay chain of heavy vector-like fermions via electromagnetic dipole operators can simultaneously generate the baryon asymmetry and an asymmetric dark matter relic with mass around 1.9 prot...
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Characterization of Hamamatsu R11410-23 Photomultiplier Tubes and Performance in the PandaX-4T Detector
The PandaX-4T collaboration reports the first full characterization of 422 R11410-23 PMTs and documents their stable in-situ performance during the commissioning run.
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Constraining the Secluded and Catalyzed Annihilation Dark Matter with Fermi-LAT and Planck Data
A full four-body final-state treatment of secluded and catalyzed dark matter annihilation weakens Fermi-LAT and Planck limits, reopening parameter space for scalar, fermion, and vector dark matter in two portal models.
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Revisiting the search for dark matter subhalos using the Fermi-LAT 4FGL-DR4 catalog
A likelihood fit of Fermi-LAT 4FGL-DR4 unassociated sources finds 32 dark matter subhalo candidates with fitted masses mostly 30 to 500 GeV.
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Boosted Dark Matter Driven by Cosmic Rays and Diffuse Supernova Neutrinos
Combining cosmic-ray and supernova-neutrino boosts yields the strongest constraints to date on sub-GeV dark matter scattering with electrons, nucleons, and neutrinos.
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Ultralight dark matter in long-baseline accelerator neutrino oscillations
Systematic study of scalar and vector ULDM interactions on long-baseline neutrino oscillations finds order-of-magnitude weaker constraints for m_φ ≲ 10^{-17} eV due to stochastic effects, with combined T2K+NOvA data s...
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Serendipitous supersymmetric solution to the strong CP problem
Anomaly-free discrete R-symmetries plus Kim-Nilles regeneration of the mu term force an accidental U(1)_PQ whose spontaneous breaking yields a SUSY DFSZ axion that solves strong CP.
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Cosmological Viability of Exponential Infrared $f(T)$ Gravity
Exponential IR f(T) gravity Model I alleviates Hubble tension but is disfavoured by combined Planck/ACT/SPT+DESI+Pantheon+ data; Model II is ruled out because background constraints force unphysical shifts in CMB parameters.
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Complementary probes of Bilinear RPV SUSY models with a wino-like LSP via Neutrino Oscillation and LHC
MCMC scan of bilinear RPV SUSY parameters constrained by neutrino data yields branching ratios that set LHC exclusions of wino-like χ̃1±/χ̃10 up to 565 GeV now and 950 GeV at HL-LHC for the best-fit point.
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Charting Dark Matter down to the neutrino floor/fog in the 2HD+a scenario
In the 2HD+a model with near-zero A-a mixing, single-component WIMP dark matter naturally lies below the neutrino floor above 100 GeV while two-component scenarios are largely excluded by current bounds.
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Simulations of 3-Dimensional Recoil Response to Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering Events in Directional Direct Dark Matter Detectors
Simulations of solar CEvNS events produce annually varying ring-like 3D recoil distributions in directional detectors that lack target dependence and contrast with fixed WIMP signals.
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From WIMP to FIMP during reheating: collider vs non-collider probes for p-wave annihilation
Collider experiments can strongly constrain p-wave-suppressed derivative operators and thereby limit reheating temperature, DM mass, and interaction scale needed to match observed DM abundance during reheating.
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Freeze-in $SU(2)$ vector dark matter at low reheating temperature
Low-reheating-temperature freeze-in of SU(2) vector dark matter yields three stable degenerate states and enlarges the viable parameter space relative to abelian models, with part already constrained by PandaX-4T and LZ.
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Determination of the best dark matter profile for the Milky Way with Gaia DR3 using Bayesian Model Comparison
Bayesian comparison of Gaia DR3 rotation curves favors the Einasto dark matter profile over NFW, prefers cored over cuspy profiles, and finds MOND variants provide poorer fits than the best dark matter models.
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Cosmic-ray-electron boosted light dark matter: Implications of LZ 2025 data
Using LZ 2025 data, cosmic-ray-electron boosted sub-MeV dark matter is constrained at levels at or below the previous XENONnT reach, with the strongest gains claimed for light mediators.
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Seasons of Dark Matter Freeze-In Shaped by the Weather of the Early Universe
Variations in pre-nucleosynthesis cosmology produce distinct seasons in the phase-space distribution of freeze-in dark matter, directly affecting its warmness and mass bounds.
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