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Massive Gravity
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We review recent progress in massive gravity. We start by showing how different theories of massive gravity emerge from a higher-dimensional theory of general relativity, leading to the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati model, cascading gravity and ghost-free massive gravity. We then explore their theoretical and phenomenological consistency, proving the absence of Boulware-Deser ghosts and reviewing the Vainshtein mechanism and the cosmological solutions in these models. Finally we present alternative and related models of massive gravity such as new massive gravity, Lorentz-violating massive gravity and non-local massive gravity.
Forward citations
Cited by 55 Pith papers
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A Non-linear Massive Gravity Theory of Geometric Origin
In torsion bigravity, the massive spin-2 excitation carries five degrees of freedom at linear order but nine at nonlinear order, so the theory hides four additional degrees of freedom.
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Disformal Maps: Classification and Singular Dynamics
Disformal transformations are classified by a Cayley-Hamilton degree and Hawking-Ellis type, and the mimetic energy-momentum tensor's type follows from a polynomial map of the original tensor.
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Numerical polology: towards next-generation model-building for cosmology
Numerical polology framework samples coupling space to discover ghost-free tensor field theories up to rank three for cosmology, then applies resulting priors to black hole superradiance, dynamical dark energy, and GW data.
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Diffeomorphic Scalar Duality
Every local scalar EFT admits a duality to an infinite class of other scalar theories via field-dependent diffeomorphisms preserving the S-matrix, extending to gravity in Einstein-Cartan formalism.
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Topological charge and black hole photon spheres in massive gravity
In dRGT massive gravity, static spherically symmetric black holes exhibit zero, one, or two photon spheres whose topological charges and stability patterns differ from Einstein gravity and from horizonless compact objects.
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Infrared foundations for quantum geometry II: Catalogue of all torsion-like theories including new ghost-tachyon-free cases
A systematic catalogue of symmetric pair-antisymmetric rank-three field theories yields 22 ghost-tachyon-free models, all propagating vector torsion and none propagating scalar or pseudoscalar torsion.
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Multi-Galileons in Curved Space
A probe-brane construction yields multi-galileon theories on de Sitter space whose so(N)-breaking vacuum has Goldstone modes with vanishing kinetic terms, giving two dS vacua with different propagating degrees of freedom.
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A new look at multi-gravity and dimensional deconstruction
Keeping the lapse free in deconstruction yields scalar-tensor multi-gravity, which reproduces 5D Randall-Sundrum brane cosmology equations in the continuum limit.
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Gravitational focusing and horizon entropy for higher-spin fields
Higher-spin fields introduce indefinite terms into the generalized Raychaudhuri equation on Killing horizons, blocking a focusing theorem and a well-defined Wall entropy unless a proposed focusing condition is imposed.
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Probing Gravity -- Fundamental Aspects of Metric Theories and their Implications for Tests of General Relativity
Gravitational wave memory is shown to arise naturally from the Isaacson backreaction formalism in general metric theories of gravity, unifying null and ordinary memory and providing a memory formula valid beyond GR.
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Vector Perturbations in Ghost-Free Quasidilaton Massive Gravity
Minimal scalar, Maxwell, or Proca matter does not restore the vanishing vector kinetic coefficient K_V on Branch II of ghost-free quasidilaton massive gravity.
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Static Black Holes and Iyer-Wald Entropy in $f(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{K})$ Gravity
In f(R,K) gravity with f=-X^{1-n}, first-order Schwarzschild corrections yield Iyer–Wald entropy S = S_BH + λ Υ_n S_BH^{n+1}.
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Extreme mass-ratio inspirals into Newtonian Proca stars
For Newtonian Proca stars, a perturbing object on a circular orbit loses nearly the same energy in the vector ground state as in the scalar boson-star ground state (within ~20%), while the spherical excited Proca stat...
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Radial Solutions of Multi-Field de Sitter Galileons
Derives conditions for viable screened radial solutions in multi-field de Sitter Galileons, showing curvature can mitigate superluminality at the cost of a finite validity range set by the strong-coupling point.
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New Energy-Loss Constraints on Dark Sectors from Deeply Inelastic Scattering with Initial State Radiation
A factorization-based method is outlined to derive energy-loss constraints on dark sector particles (spin 0 to 2) from ISR-modified lepton distributions in DIS, illustrated for MeV-GeV spin-0 cases at the EIC.
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Impact of numerical-relativity waveform calibration on parametrized post-Einsteinian tests
NR late-inspiral calibration systematics in IMRPhenomD produce false ppE GR violations at O5 SNRs ≳60; an uncertainty-aware baseline restores consistency with GR up to SNR 330.
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Breathing Black Hole Shadows in Modified Gravity (MOG)
In MOG gravity, gravitational waves would make a black hole's shadow breathe in area and then wobble translationally after a time delay, signatures absent in general relativity.
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Cosmological tensions in Proca-Nuevo theory
Fitting a one-parameter vector-tensor dark energy model to CMB, BAO, and supernova data reduces the Hubble tension to about 1.5–2σ, but the preference over ΛCDM is weak and disappears once full perturbations are included.
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Zeroth law of black hole thermodynamics for higher derivative Proca theories
The zeroth law of black hole thermodynamics holds to all perturbative orders for higher curvature Einstein-Proca effective field theories.
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Stable Cosmology from Minimal Theory of Mass-Varying Massive Gravity
MTMVMG is claimed to admit stable FLRW perturbations, with the mass-varying scalar as dark energy or inflaton, but stability inequalities are unverified and the phenomenology is fitted.
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An apologia for islands
Entanglement islands and Page curves can arise in massless gravity without an external bath, and compactly supported gauge-invariant operators exist in islands around generic symmetry-breaking black hole backgrounds.
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Linear perturbations of symmetric teleparallel gravity on Minkowski background
For the most general quadratic-in-nonmetricity STG action on Minkowski background, the linear perturbation analysis yields lower bounds of 2 to 10 propagating degrees of freedom depending on the coupling constants, wi...
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Massive graviton dark matter searches with long-baseline atom interferometers
Long-baseline atom interferometers could detect ultra-light spin-2 dark matter through three coupling channels, reaching mass and coupling ranges that LIGO and LISA cannot cover.
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The bremsstrahlung-like production of the massive spin-2 dark matter mediator
E137 beam-dump data exclude spin-2 dark matter mediator couplings from about 8e-8 to 1e-5 per GeV for mediator masses 100 to 800 MeV, assuming equal electron and photon couplings.
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To the Problem of Cosmic Expansion in Massive Gravity
All flat expanding cosmologies in dRGT massive gravity are strongly coupled at the perturbation level, so they cannot serve as healthy backgrounds for cosmic acceleration.
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Gravitational waves in massive gravity: Waveforms generated by a particle plunging into a black hole and the excitation of quasinormal modes and quasibound states
A plunging particle around a Schwarzschild black hole in massive gravity excites quasibound states, with a claimed harmonic resonance amplifying the even-parity dipole mode.
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The Speed of Gravity
In the standard effective field theory of gravity, gravitational waves on cosmological backgrounds propagate at a speed differing from unity, and analyticity arguments favor superluminal speed relative to matter.
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Bimetric interactions based on metric congruences
Bimetric interactions are defined via a congruence matrix, with the square root shown as the unique power series solution and algebraic equivalence to the unconstrained vielbein formulation.
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Perturbations of black holes in mass-varying massive gravity
In mass-varying massive gravity, the beta=alpha^2 branch of constant-scalar Schwarzschild-(A)dS solutions has delta X=0, so tensor perturbations obey the GR equations while scalar stability depends on potential parameters.
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Probing Graviton Mass with MeerKAT PTA and SKA--PTA Forecasts
MPTA 4.5-year data imply a 90% upper bound of mg < 2.1 × 10−23 eV/c2, consistent with massless gravitons; SKA-PTA could reach ~10−25 eV/c2.
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Reference Frames and Gravitational-Wave Polarizations: Symmetry Classification and Preferred-Frame Phenomenology
Derives boost transformations for GW polarizations, proposes symmetry classification without preferred frames, and analyzes preferred-frame effects in Bumblebee gravity including novel polarization conversion.
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Non-primary square roots in massive gravity
Non-primary square roots in massive gravity theories are generally covariant, but lack analytic perturbation theory in the elementary symmetric polynomials of the Lagrangian.
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An Interplay Between Fractional Calculus and Holographic Dark Energy
Introduces Fractional Holographic Dark Energy (FHDE) via fractionally corrected entropy from a modified Wheeler-DeWitt equation and studies its late-time cosmology, field reconstructions, and extensions to modified gr...
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Scattering of massive spin-2 field via graviton exchanges with different spin fields and the long range gravitational potential
Tree-level graviton exchange yields Newtonian potentials plus spin-dependent corrections at O(G) for massive spin-2 scattering off scalars, vectors, and fermions, plus the leading spin-independent O(G^2) term for spin...
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The effects of dark energy on the matter-gravity coupling
Dark energy perturbations induce a scale-dependent effective matter-gravity coupling that can become locally negative, potentially explaining low-redshift structure suppression for phantom models.
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Direct detection of solar chameleons with electron recoil data from XENONnT
XENONnT electron-recoil data bound solar chameleons to log10 β_eff < −6.9, independent of the potential index n for inverse power-law chameleons at the dark-energy scale.
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Probing modified gravitational-wave dispersion with bursts from eccentric black-hole binaries
Applies parameterized dispersion to eccentric BBH burst waveforms, deriving a 2.5PN time-delay correction and Bessel amplitude modulation, then uses Fisher matrix to project LIGO constraints that are stronger than cur...
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Oscillations and parity violation in gravitational wave background from extra tensor modes
Linear mixing between metric and extra spin-2 tensor modes during inflation produces oscillatory and chiral gravitational wave backgrounds with features that future detectors could identify.
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Weinberg's theorem, phantom crossing and screening
Graviton-loop-induced screening forces single-field dilaton and chameleon dark energy models to keep their equation of state near -1, making observable phantom crossing impossible in this class.
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Do Pulsar Timing Datasets Favor Massive Gravity?
A one-parameter massive-gravity correlation curve gives lower chi-square than the Hellings-Downs curve for current pulsar-timing data, but the parameter is fitted to the data, so the result is not a prediction.
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Extended Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy: Ghost Condensate Dark Energy with Sextic Dispersion Relation in de Sitter Spacetime
A sextic ghost condensate dark energy model is shown to produce a matter-density-dependent correction to the Newtonian potential and a frequency-dependent gravitational wave speed in de Sitter spacetime.
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Pleba\'nski-Demia\'nski solutions in bigravity and Kerr-Schild double copy relations using an effective metric
A double Kerr-Schild ansatz in bigravity yields Plebanski-Demianski-type solutions whose double, single, and zeroth copy fields satisfy Maxwell and Klein-Gordon equations in Plebanski coordinates.
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Well-posedness of minimal dRGT massive gravity
A first-order strongly hyperbolic formulation is derived for minimal dRGT massive gravity around Minkowski, with spin-2 graviton characteristics set by the inverse metric.
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New generalization of the Barboza-Alcaniz parametrization of Dark energy
A generalized Barboza-Alcaniz dark-energy parametrization with a free exponent n is fit to cosmological data, but the model analyzed does not actually resolve the future-time problem it was designed to fix.
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Emerging Nonlocal K\"{a}ll\`{e}n-Lehmann Higgs Spectra at the LHC
Nonlocal Källén-Lehmann spectral densities in the Higgs sector yield exponentially suppressed scattering amplitudes above Λ_NL and suppress the real part of the Higgs self-energy at p² ~ -Λ²_NL, solving the hierarchy ...
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Mixed-state entanglement and phase transitions in Einstein-Born-Infeld massive gravity
In Einstein-Born-Infeld massive gravity, the second temperature derivative of the entanglement-wedge cross-section tracks the metal-insulator crossover, all entanglement measures diagnose Hawking-Page transitions, and...
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Traversable Wormhole Solutions in massive $F(T)$ gravity
In massive F(T) gravity, exact traversable wormhole solutions exist whose throats are supported by the graviton mass term, with matter that satisfies standard energy conditions in selected parameter ranges.
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Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity: Constraints from the generalized parton distributions (GPDs)
Using the proton's quark pressure profile from a GPD fit, the authors update upper bounds on the EiBI gravity parameter kappa to about 0.1 to 0.3 in the quoted units.
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Dynamical Dark Energy Emerges from Massive Gravity
Bigravity with a graviton mass near 4e-33 eV reproduces the DESI-hinted evolving dark energy and is claimed to fit combined cosmological data better than LambdaCDM.
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Periodical orbits and waveforms with spontaneous Lorentz symmetry-breaking in Kalb-Ramond gravity
For a Kalb-Ramond black hole, the Lorentz-violating parameter l shifts the radii and energies of the marginal and innermost stable orbits and changes the phase of gravitational waves from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals.
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An overview of quasinormal modes in modified and extended gravity
Using a uniform sixth-order WKB method, the authors map how quasinormal mode frequencies and damping rates shift from general relativity in five modified gravity models, finding model-specific patterns.
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Modified theories of gravity at different curvature scales
A review that classifies modified gravity theories by the GR principles they preserve or violate, and maps their tests onto a curvature-compactness plane.
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Noncanonical Approaches To Inflation
A review thesis covering Mukhanov parametrization, general scalar-tensor theories, and new slow-roll techniques for canonical and noncanonical inflation observables.
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Massive Gravity @ 15
A status review arguing that ghost-free massive gravity remains a theoretically consistent and phenomenologically viable infrared modification of General Relativity, with open UV questions.
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Particle Cosmology
Particle cosmology integrates particle physics with cosmology to interpret the early universe as a natural high-energy laboratory and explain phenomena via theories like inflation, baryogenesis, and dark matter.
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